Poverty Alleviation and Development in Jilin Province

　　【Overview】  Located in the central part of the northeastern areas of China, Jilin Province covers an area of 187,400 square kilometers and has a population of 27.3421 million, of which 14.8656 million are rural residents. Jilin has 8 national key counties for poverty alleviation and development, 1904 poverty-stricken villages and 1.1066 million poor people.

　　In 2009, Jilin Provincial government took it as one of the major people’s livelihood projects to lift 80,000 rural poor out of poverty. The poverty alleviation office comprehensively implemented the provincial government's decisions and plans and, according to the 2009 work points of LGOP, formulated and issued the “Notice on 2009 Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation Work”. It adhered to development-oriented poverty alleviation, focused on solving the food and clothing problem and enhancing the self-development capacity of the poor and lifted 96,000 rural poor out of poverty, accounting for 120% of the task.

　　【Investment of anti-poverty funds】  In 2009, the central financial department put in 402 million Yuan of anti-poverty funds, up 6.15%, of which 264 million Yuan was financial development fund, up 15.9%; 28 million Yuan was provincial matching fund, up 8%; and 1.28 million Yuan was county and city matching fund, up 26.6%. For the first time, the figure exceeded 400 million Yuan. It issued the “Notice on the Issuance of Funding Plan for 2009 Poverty Relief Loan Discount” and organized the anti-poverty loan discount project declaration and reservation work. The coverage of poverty relief discount loan was further expanded. The credit poverty relief fund of 947 million Yuan was invested, of which 311 million Yuan was project credit fund and 636 million Yuan was household credit fund, 510 million Yuan more than that in 2008.

　　【Integration of poverty relief funds】 Promptly provide the entire village advancement program to the province financial sector to ensure that the central government’s poverty alleviation funds can reach local governments for project construction in half a month after the funds are issued. Local governments played a role of county-level platform to enhance the effectiveness of poverty reduction by integrating the funds of agriculture, water conservancy, transportation, broadcasting, civil affairs, education, health and other departments and industries. During the year, Jilin Province integrated a total of 509 billion Yuan of sectoral and industrial funds.

　　【Entire Village Advancement】  Comprehensively launched entire village advancement projects in 400 poverty-stricken villages. In 2009, more than 92% of the financial anti-poverty funds were used in entire village advancement projects. We strengthened the supervision and examination on project implementation and organized spot check on 49 poor villages. We organized local governments to conduct examination and acceptance on the entire village advancement projects, which effectively enhanced the level of entire village advancement projects. In 2009, we constructed 947 projects, integrated 509 million Yuan of funds and organized the entire village advancement projects in 59 “three guarantee” villages, with averagely investment of 1.17 million Yuan for each village. By the end of 2009, entire village advancement projects were launched or completed in a total of 2088 poor villages in the whole province. In the poor villages that implemented the entire village advancement projects, the rural per capita net income grew by 13.3% in 2009, 3.3 percentage points higher than the average in the province.

　　【Poverty alleviation by relocation】 In 2009, Gangding Village and Chisong Town and Dingxiaoshan Village, Yinglin Village, Mengjiang Town of Jingyu County, Jilin Province were relocated and a total of 37.215 million Yuan was invested, covering 87 households and 341 people.

　　【Poverty alleviation training】  By linking the implementation of the "Rain Plan" with the needs of the provincial key projects and industrial park development, combined with the development of local competitive industries, the government further promoted the employment transfer and entrepreneurial skills trainings for poor farmers. According to the state’s deployment and arrangements, the province conducted inspections and adjustments on the demonstration bases of “Rain Plan” and formulated the “Guidance for the Management of Poor Labor Transfer Training Base in Jilin Province”. It organized the poor labor transfer training base to participate in national private enterprises’ recruitment week activity. Ten enterprises signed the collective order contracts and 1107 people signed the order agreements. Relying on the national and provincial “Rain Plan” demonstration bases, it has organized trainings for a total of 218 million poor labors and transfer trainings for 20,000 people. 197 million people got jobs and the stable employment rate reached 90.4%.

　　【Trainings of poverty relief cadres】  To further improve the comprehensive quality and innovation ability of the poverty alleviation cadres in impoverished areas, combined with the major work of poverty alleviation and development, through theoretical lectures, field visits and discussions and exchanges, the government organized three trainings for the poverty alleviation and development cadres in the province, involving 320 people, and organized 52 cadres of poor areas to participate in 16 special trainings and seminars held by LGOP.

　　【Poverty alleviation by industrialization】 It organized the identification of provincial poverty alleviation leading enterprises and the first 25 leading enterprises have been identified. It encouraged and guided local governments to use the poverty relief discount household loans mainly to support the development of featured industries of poor households in the production bases. The government increased anti-poverty discount loans for leading enterprises, organized some leading enterprises in the counties and cities to participate in the national competitive industry recommendation cum investment inviting fair for poverty alleviation cooperation, guided leading enterprises to establish cooperation mechanism with poor households to promote the regional professional production featured “One Produce for One Village and One Industry for One Town”. Seven national poverty alleviation leading enterprises achieved total value of out-put of 720 million Yuan and made profit of 27.18 million Yuan, resulting in income growth per capita of 3000 Yuan of 29,300 rural households, of which 7920 were poverty-stricken households. 

　　【Research on pro-poor strategy and policy system and the outline for the next decade】 According to the requirement of the "Notice on Further Improving the Research on National Pro-poor Strategy and Policy System and the Program for the Next Decades" issued by LGOP, it issued the "Notice on Further Improving the Research on National Pro-poor Strategy and Policy System and the Program for the Next Decades", developed research programs, set up the research group, organized a 15-day research, formed the "Research Report of Jilin Province on National Pro-poor Strategy and Policy System and the Program for the Next Decades" and reported it to the LGOP.

　　【Village-level pilot mutual funds in poverty-stricken villages】 In 2009, the province added 50 pilot poor villages for mutual fund program, invested 7.5 million Yuan of anti-poverty funds, raised funds of 35.2515 million Yuan and issued capital of 24.2786 million Yuan, covering 2374 poor households.

　　【Pilot projects for contiguous development】 In October 2009, the contiguous development on-the-sport meeting was held in Wangqing County, aiming to summarize the experience and promote the further construction of pilot projects for contiguous developments. The contiguous development projects were launched in Tongyu County and Longjing City, which were added in the name list of pilot areas for this program.

　　【Pilot projects of national poverty alleviation by science and technology】 According to the requirement of the “Notice on Issuance of ‘Guidance for Pilot Project Application for Poverty Alleviation by Science and Technology’ ” issued by LGOP, the government organized the demonstration, evaluation and application for pilot poverty alleviation projects by technology and recommended five projects to the state. The comprehensive pilot project of the desertification saline comprehensive governance technology demonstration zone in the western area of Jilin Province of Da’an Jiyuan Ecology Co., Ltd was listed among the national pilot projects for poverty alleviation by technology, and the application for 1.5 million Yuan of funds were approved.

　　【Fixed-point poverty alleviation】  Strengthen the party and government propaganda, mobilization, follow-up and experience summary for fixed-point poverty alleviation, promote enterprise and armed forces to get involved in poverty alleviation, building the pattern of "large-scale poverty alleviation". A total of 155 central and provincial organs, enterprises and armed forces participated in the fixed-point poverty alleviation, involved 53 poverty-stricken towns in 8 poor counties. The poverty relief units invested in a total of 8.315 million Yuan for the program in the whole year, of which 7.771 million Yuan was cash investment and about 544,000 Yuan was material input. A total of 13.644 million Yuan of various funds were introduced and 22 projects were launched. Most of the aiding units offered assistance and support for the poor villages in the field of talent, technology, funding and project construction according to the plan, which promoted the economic and social development of the poor areas and helped local poor to shake off poverty and get rich. It also participated in the organization and coordination of the “Love Package” donation activity of China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation and raised a total of 3.24 million Yuan, ranking 10th in the country.

　　【 Disaster relief poverty alleviation】  Since July 2009, Jilin has suffered large-scale continued hot dry droughts rarely seen in history. Under the leadership of party committee and government, the poverty alleviation departments of various regions, on the one hand, strived to consolidate the poverty relief results and, on the other hand, carried out disaster relief work, aiming to minimize the disaster losses. First, carry out relief activities. We organized enterprises, institutions and units to donate in various forms to solve the production and living difficulties of the victims; strengthened contacts with fixed-point poverty alleviation units and strived for the support of various charity organizations. The units at all levels also conducted disaster relief activities in the relevant towns through donation. Secondly, we organized the implementation of greenhouse film and cultivation-based industrial projects to increase farmers' income. Thirdly, taking labor export as a major disaster relief and self-help measure, the poverty alleviation departments in the disaster-hit areas participated in the coordination and organization of labor transfer, involving 28,000 people in total.

　　【Poverty alleviation advocacy】  In 2009, based on entire village advancement, labor transfer training, poverty alleviation by industrialization and fixed-point poverty alleviation, Jilin organized targeted, focused poverty alleviation advocacy, actively reported to the provincial party committee and government’s propaganda departments the periodical poverty alleviation work information, completed the manuscript task assigned by LGOP, provincial poverty alleviation department and political department, and give play to the role of county (city) departments to make typical reports in newspapers, TV and other media.

　　【Poverty alleviation measures】  1．Leaders attach importance to the cause, forming a joint force for poverty alleviation and development. Poverty alleviation and development is a major work of the CPC and government. It is a long-term, comprehensive and global cause and needs the coordination and cooperation of various departments and the broad participation of all circles of society. Jilin Province government attaches great importance to poverty alleviation and development and the main leaders often visit the poverty-stricken areas for field research and give important instructions to the poverty alleviation and development work in the province. 16 Provincial Party Standing Committee members and vice governors all determined the party construction spots for poverty alleviation. The target responsibility system was set up by county (city) and town-level governments, and poverty alleviation and development was included into the provincial government performance evaluation system.

　　2．Highlight the focus and increase efforts on promoting poverty alleviation and development. According to the “2009 Work Points of LGOP” and the provincial government’s major work target responsibility system, the poverty alleviation office formulated a work plan for Jilin Province to lift 80,000 rural poor out of poverty in 2009 and reported to the provincial government. The Provincial General Office of Government issued the "Notice of Jilin Provincial General Office of Government concerning the Issuance of the Work Plan for Jilin Province to Lift 80,000 Rural Poor out of Poverty in 2009”. The poverty alleviation office strengthened the communication and coordination with relevant provincial departments and national key counties (cities) for poverty alleviation, determined the work ideology and specific implementation measures, organized the planning development, increased efforts on poverty alleviation and development and coordinated with financial department for work-relief inputs to ensure the completion of the task.

　　3．Based on the poverty alleviation and development reform and innovation, explore new ways of poverty alleviation and development. First, create poor labor transfer training group system. Da’an City invested 19 million Yuan in the construction of Da’an City Vocational Education Center to link the training base of “Rain Plan” with other local technical schools, vocational schools, employment bases and employment businesses, implement resource sharing and mutual complementarity for common development, and explore new approaches to large-scale, chain and regional vocational trainings. Secondly, create the model of poverty alleviation by relocation. Taking the construction of nuclear power projects as the platform, through land replacement, the poverty alleviation office implemented “poverty alleviation by relocation, entire village advancement and comprehensive development” projects in special poverty-stricken villages, and constructed the whole relocation projects of Gangding Village of Chisong Town and Dingxiaoshan Village, Yinglin of Mengjiang Town. Thirdly, improve mutual fund operation mechanism. It set up poverty relief cooperatives in the pilot counties, integrated the stock capital and social funds to maximize the pro-poor effect of mutual funds, improved the operating model of mutual funds to defuse financial risks and achieve the win-win situation of industrial development, increase of farmers' income and improvement of the effectiveness of mutual funds.