Special Poverty Alleviation - Policy Measures and Mechanism Innovation

　　【Convergence of the two systems】In 2010, local governments conscientiously implemented the spirit of the "Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Forwarding the Opinions of LGOP and Other Departments on the Effective Convergence of the Rural Minimum Living Security System and Poverty Alleviation and Development Policy" (Guo Ban Fa [2010] No. 31) (hereinafter referred to as the No. 31 Document of the General Office of the State Council). With strong support from relevant departments and the joint efforts of relevant parties, smooth progress was made in the pilot project construction and rich experience was accumulated.

　　I. Achievements of the pilot projects

　　As of the end of 2010, the government launched pilot projects in 949 counties of 28 provinces and autonomous regions, including 487 key counties for national poverty alleviation and development, accounting for 82.3% of the key counties nationwide, completing the designated task in number; 565 counties with data uploaded and 387 national key counties, accounting for 65.4% of the key counties nationwide. In general, the expansion of pilot area explored some good practices and experience and achieved periodic results.

　　（I）Made clear the objects of poverty reduction. Local government carefully identified the objects of poverty alleviation in accordance with prescribed procedures, laying a basis for pro-poor policies to target at the poor. By the end of December, a total of 53.481 million poor people living below the poverty line were identified, accounting for 15.6% of the rural population of pilot counties, including 32.505 million objects of poverty alleviation, 8.238 million objects of the minimum living security system, 11.467 million objects of poverty reduction and the minimum living security system and 1.38 million people covered by the five-guarantee system, respectively accounting for 9.5%, 2.4%, 3.3% and 0.4% the rural population. By early July, 34.878 million people had been registered in the poor farmer information management system (hereinafter referred to as information system), accounting for 15% of the rural residents, including 23.248 million people living below the national poverty line, accounting for 10% of the rural population.

　　（II）Found out the causes of poverty. Through making records of objects of poverty alleviation, the government initially discovered the causes of poverty of the objects of poverty alleviation. According to the information system, among the causes of poverty, lack of funds accounted for 33.1% of the total, long-term illness accounted for 25.5%, lack of labor force, lack of technology, disabilities, disasters and the burden of school education respectively accounted for 7.5%, 7%, 6%, 6.3% and 4.6%, and other causes accounted for 10%.

　　（III）Initially understood the objects' needs. In the process of making records of objects of poverty alleviation, local governments made clear the projects, scale and investment needed by the objects of poverty alleviation, laying a basis for the development of household aid policy and classified support.

　　（IV）Established an information platform. While expanding the pilot area, the government revised and improved the information management system and designed the stand-alone and network version to make it convenient for making records of objects of poverty alleviation and the inquiry of departments concerned. It built a common information platform to guide the resources of education, health, radio and television, housing construction sector and all circles of society to flow to the objects of poverty alleviation under the great pattern for poverty alleviation.

　　II. Main practices and experience

　　The most outstanding experience of local governments in the pilot work is as follows:

　　（I）The party committee and government attached great importance to it. According to the reports submitted by local governments, the provincial and municipal party committees and governments conscientiously implemented the decisions of the CPC Central Committee and State Council and attached great importance to people's livelihood and pilot projects for effective convergence of the two systems.

　　First, established relevant organizations. To ensure the orderly expansion of the pilot area, local governments founded the leading groups for expanding the pilot area to provide powerful organization guarantee for the smooth implementation of pilot projects.

　　Secondly, issued relevant documents. After No. 31 Document of the General Office of the State Council was issued in 2010, to implement the spirit of the Document, some local governments formulated the documents to expand local pilot area. The General Offices of the Government of Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Jiangxi, Henan, Guangxi, Chongqing and Gansu issued the implementation opinions and plans for the expansion of pilot area for the effective linkage of the two systems.

　　Thirdly, held special meetings. In the implementation of the pilot projects, local governments held special meetings or department joint conferences to arrange the pilot work. Guangdong Province held the on-the-spot meeting to plan for specific households and arrange responsibility to specific persons. Comrade Wang Yang and Huang Huahua attended the event and delivered important speeches. Secretary of Hunan Provincial Party Committee Zhou Qiang stressed several times in relevant meetings that we must take the linkage of the two systems as a livelihood project and understand its significance standing at the party and the country's overall strategic level.

　　Fourthly, provided field guidance. In order to ensure the smooth implementation of the experimental work, party and government leaders and the comrades of relevant departments carried out in-depth survey in the countryside and analyzed the problems in the pilot work. Secretary of Hubei Provincial Party Committee Luo Qingquan visited Tongshan County for survey and pointed out that we must make files and records and combine entire village advancement, contiguous development and household poverty reduction to gradually eliminate absolute poverty. We must have a clear objective and seriously implement the program.

　　Fifth, arranged funding for pilot work. To guarantee the funding for the experimental work, the state assigned the responsibility to local governments at all levels. Last year, local governments at all levels issued a total of 149 million Yuan for the implementation of pilot projects.

　　（II）Conscientiously implemented system convergence. According to the No. 31 Document of the General Office of the State Council and the spirit of Shaoyang on-the-spot meeting in Hunan, local governments conscientiously implemented the convergence work.

　　First, conducted procedure convergence to ensure accurate identification of objects of poverty alleviation  In local pilot work, after initial identification of township and village-level low-income population size, based on poverty identification by democratic appraisal, farmers applied for the approval of the village (team), then the township government examined the application and submitted to the county government (poverty alleviation and civil affairs department) for approval, and the made publicity at all levels.

　　Secondly, conducted policy convergence to really benefit the objects of poverty alleviation Adopt different support measures for various groups of poor for different reasons and increase support for those with the ability to work. To implement the pro-poor policies, according to preliminary statistics, the provinces and autonomous regions issued a total of 2.31 ​​billion Yuan for the implementation of household support project and provided assistance for the identified objects of poverty reduction.

　　Thirdly, conducted information management convergence to ensure information updating of objects of poverty alleviation Local governments actively explored dynamic management methods for the objects of poverty alleviation and their data and practiced dynamic management on the objects of the minimum living security system and poverty alleviation.

　　（III）Did a good job in key links

　　First, made extensive propaganda and mobilization In order to make the masses participate in the pilot work, local governments mobilized 219,000 people to make propaganda for the policy on the effective linkage of two systems through issuing leaflets and posters in the countryside. Secondly, carried out experimental work To ensure the orderly implementation and steady progress of pilot projects, local governments selected some counties, towns and villages for the experimental work and summarized the experience before the comprehensive implementation of the pilot projects. Thirdly, carefully organized trainings To ensure the smooth progress of the expansion of pilot area, the government organized graded trainings for relevant staffs to enhance the quality of the pilot projects. In 2010, the poverty alleviation office organized four training courses for 816 directors and backbone staffs. Fourthly, made good coordination among departments In the pilot work, poverty alleviation sector took initiative to communicate with relevant departments and departments concerned strongly supported and actively cooperated with them. As a result, the working mechanism featured clear division of labor, regular consultations and close cooperation was gradually established. Fifthly, strengthened supervision and inspection To ensure the implementation of the pilot projects, local governments all took effective measures to strengthen supervision.