Poverty Alleviation and Development in Guizhou Province

　　【Poverty reduction program】Guizhou Province developed the "Development Planning for Poverty Alleviation by Industrialization of Grassland Animal Husbandry in Guizhou Province (revised version) ", "Planning for Poverty Alleviation by Industrialization of Nut (Walnut, Chestnut) Industry in Guizhou Province", "Planning for Poverty Alleviation by Industrialization of Vegetable Industry in Guizhou Province (2010-2015) " and "Planning for Poverty Alleviation by Industrialization of Oil Tea Industry in Guizhou Province (2010-2015) ". In addition, it developed the "Overall Planning for Pilot Poverty Alleviation and Development and Comprehensive Renovation of Karst Areas of Weining in Guizhou Province" and reported to LGOP for review and approval.

　　【Management and use of anti-poverty funds】 In 2010, Guizhou Provincial Poverty Alleviation Office issued the "Opinions on Promoting the Reform of Supervision on the Use of Anti-poverty Funds", established the mechanism of "competition, performance evaluation and reward for subsidy" for the use of funds and the mechanism featured "source control, standardized procedures, management of lower authorities and whole process monitoring" for the supervision of funds; developed the "Opinions on Promoting Paid Use and Rolling Development of Industrial Poverty Alleviation" and practiced paid use of anti-poverty funds.

　　In 2010, Guizhou Province issued financial anti-poverty funds of 1.74 billion Yuan, up 16.1%; raised social anti-poverty funds of 175 million Yuan, up 75%; implemented entire village advancement projects in 568 poverty-stricken villages and completed the off-site relocation of 30,000 people in poverty reduction.

　　【Infrastructure improvement】 In 2010, Guizhou Province completed water-tobacco projects of 1.4 million mu, implemented 100,000 small water conservancy projects, added effective irrigation area of 1.62 million mu and built asphalt or cement roads for 120 towns and highroads for 1,022 administrative villages, 96% of the towns in Guizhou Province got access to asphalt or concrete roads and 95% of the administrative villages got access to highroads. The government addressed the drinking water problem of 3.16 million rural residents, accelerated the pace of rural network innovation and all the administrative villages got access to telephone line and Broadband. Meanwhile, the province renovated dilapidated houses for 279,000 households and carried out renovation of water pipelines, kitchens, toilets and pens. The typical experience of “four in rural families” was actively promoted.

　　【Labor transfer training - Rain Plan】 In 2010, Guizhou Province implemented Rain Plan for 165,000 people, accounting for 144% of the scheduled task. It organized skills trainings for agricultural industrialization for 150,000 people, completing 149% of the scheduled task, and all those receiving training changed their jobs. At the same time, the province held primary mechanic (including special vocational skills) trainings for 12,000 people, completing 120% of the scheduled task, and transferred employments for 10,000 labors with employment transfer rate of 85%. According to the standard of 4,000 Yuan per person, the "Rain Plan • Dream Action" subsidized 2,000 rural poor students enrolled by class I full-time colleges and universities, and 1,013 students will receive the subsidy provided by the pilot "Student Project of Rain Plan".

　　【Industrialization and leading enterprise of poverty alleviation in poor areas】 In 2010, the anti-poverty project areas of Guizhou Province bred 2.736 million sheep and 39,000 cattle, established oil tea bases of 132,000 mu, fruit and dried fruit bases of 459,000 mu, herbs bases of 186,000 mu, tea bases of 295,000 mu and demonstrative vegetable bases of 270,000 mu, and a number of special industries boomed, initially forming the industrial structure of “oil in the east, fruit in the west, herbs in the south, tea in the north, vegetable in central area and livestock in mountain areas”. The province identified 100 provincial poverty alleviation leading enterprises, allocated 30 million Yuan of interest subsidy to support 12 national poverty alleviation leading enterprises, 51 provincial poverty alleviation leading enterprises and 99 prefecture-city poverty alleviation leading enterprises.

　　【County-based pilot projects of contiguous development】 In 2010, the province selected Sansui, Weining, Pan County, Xingren and Shiqian as pilot counties for national “contiguous development” and Wuchuan, Congjiang, Libo, Dafang and Yinjiang as provincial pilot counties, and arranged 12 million Yuan of anti-poverty funds for each pilot county, which will be issued in three years from 2010 to 2012.

　　【Social poverty alleviation】 In 2010, Guizhou Provincial Poverty Alleviation Office and Guizhou Provincial Party Committee Organization Department jointly set up 53 working teams for rural party construction and poverty alleviation and organized them to work in 50 key counties and key towns. The province strived for social anti-poverty funds of 175 million Yuan, of which 135 million Yuan was from four cities designated to provide counterpart support, namely Dalian, Qingdao, Ningbao and Shenzhen. In addition, it implemented the poverty alleviation projects with donation of 200 million Yuan from Cao Dewang and Cao Hui in Guizhou’s project areas -“three counties and five towns”, and issued the donation to 24,300 poor rural households in Wangmo County, Shuicheng County and Leishan County.

　　【Cadre training in poor areas】 In 2010, Guizhou Province invested 12.22 million Yuan of financial anti-poverty funds to train 13,960 poverty reduction cadres and held trainings for 5,860 poverty relief cadres jointly with 11 provincial departments, including the Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guizhou University, the Provincial Forestry Department, the Provincial Economic & Information Commission and the Provincial Supply and Marketing Cooperative.

　　【Poverty alleviation by lottery public welfare funds】 In 2010, LGOP arranged for the first time 51 million Yuan of central government’s lottery public welfare funds to support the pilot entire village advancement in old revolutionary base areas of 36 poverty-stricken villages in three old revolutionary base areas of Guizhou Province, namely Weining, Xishui and Nayong. Focusing on “participatory poverty alleviation” in the poverty reduction by lottery public welfare funds, in accordance with the “Guideline for Central Government’s Lottery Public Welfare Funds to Support the Entire Village Advancement of Poor Old Revolutionary Base Ares”, Guizhou Provincial Poverty Alleviation Office made careful preparations for the project construction. Through public voting, 431 projects were selected to be implemented in the project villages, including infrastructure construction, environment improvement, public service facility and village-level mutual funds, covering 31,898 rural households and 131,000 people, and 77.1605 million Yuan of department funds were integrated.

　　【Poverty alleviation in special poor areas】 In 2010, Guizhou Province promoted the pilot work of poverty alleviation and comprehensive renovation of karst areas in Weining with high standard. The province, prefectures and counties all set up leading groups for the pilot work to jointly promote the implementation of pilot projects. First, strive to basically lift the rural poor of Weining County out of poverty by 2012 and achieve rural per capita net income of more than 4,000 Yuan by 2015, reaching national average level at the end of the “11th Five-Year Plan” period; Second, strive to achieve the “three goals” of overall well-off level by 2020 and highlight four key points, namely “infrastructure construction, development of basic industries, improvement of basic quality of population and governance of overall ecological environment”, to promote the implementation of pilot projects. Third, strive to solve the problems reflected by media. Now, illegal blood stations in Weining have been closed up, the phenomenon of giving unscheduled birth has been well controlled, the trend of private digging has been contained, poor rural households have got assistance and satisfactory degree of the masses has been enhanced.

　　【Mutual funds】 In 2010, Guizhou Provincial Poverty Alleviation Office launched pilot projects of mutual funds in 100 poor villages of 17 counties, issued 15 million Yuan of mutual funds for poor villages and allocated 5 million Yuan to implement “reward-for-subsidy” program in 100 poor villages that launched pilot mutual funds before 2010.

　　【Convergence of two systems】  In 2010, Guizhou Province founded the Provincial Leading Group for Pilot Work of Effective Convergence of Two Systems and developed the “Implementation Plan for Expansion of Pilot Area for Effective Convergence of the Rural Minimum Living Security System and Poverty Alleviation and Development Policies in Guizhou Province”. Guizhou Provincial Poverty Alleviation Office held the videophone conference on the expansion of pilot area for effectively convergence of two systems in Guizhou Province and allocated 5.553 million Yuan of special funds for the work. To ensure that real poor are covered by the poverty alleviation, the Leading Group seriously identified objects of the rural minimum living security system and poverty reduction in strict accordance with the relevant procedures and regulations.

　　【Foreign-funded poverty alleviation】 In 2010, two batches of domestic competitive bidding procurement projects - 30 packages worth 160 million Yuan were completed for Guizhou Environmental and Social Development Project supported by the loans from the Japanese government, accounting for 78.06% of the total. Meanwhile, the inquiry procurement was orderly conducted and 106 "inquiry procurement programs" with investment of 179 million Yuan were reported. 84 "inquiry procurement programs" with investment of 106 million Yuan were approved, accounting for 87.3% of the total.

　　【Pro-poor measures】 First, focus on the implementation of industrial poverty alleviation. Through developing grassland animal husbandry, vegetables, oil tea, fruit, herb and bamboo industry, based on the resource endowments and market demand, the province timely developed new specialized industries and initially formed the industrial structure of "oil in the east, fruit in the west, herbs in the south, tea in the north, vegetable in central area and livestock in mountain areas". Second, vigorously promote the poverty alleviation and development by mountain farming. The province explored a path of poverty alleviation and development by mountain farming featured "one industry-based multi-sector development, combining planting and breeding, and achieving long-term development through implementation of short-term programs". Meanwhile, it implemented the "Three-one Cell Project" to increase farmers' income and implemented projects in villages for the poor living outside project area with the model of "one plan for one family, one product for one village and one meeting for one issue". Third, implement poverty alleviation projects with support from groups. 19 provincial leaders took the initiative to implement poverty alleviation projects with support from groups, establishing the "great pattern" of poverty reduction jointly participated by party and government departments and social forces. Fourth, implement "three kinds of pilot projects". The province launched pilot projects for the “convergence of two systems” in 88 counties (cities, districts and special zones) of Guizhou; implemented the “pilot projects of Weining” with support from the central government, relevant ministries, commissions and local departments, and implemented “Rain Plan • Dream Action” to subsidize rural poor students enrolled by Class I full-time universities to complete their studies. Fifth, strengthen the supervision on the management of anti-poverty funds. The province issued the "Opinions on Promoting the Reform of Supervision on the Use of Anti-poverty Funds", established the mechanism of "competition, performance evaluation and reward for subsidy" for the use of funds and the mechanism featured "source control, standardized procedures, management of lower authorities and whole process monitoring" for the supervision of funds; developed the "Opinions on Promoting Paid Use and Rolling Development of Industrial Poverty Alleviation" and practiced paid use of anti-poverty funds. Meanwhile, the government encouraged the establishment of a mechanism for the cooperation between government and banks and guided financial and social funds to participate in poverty alleviation and development to promote the development of poverty alleviation leading enterprises. Sixth, strengthen the construction of working style. The province vigorously promoted the “Year of Three Building” activity, actively cultivated the poverty alleviation spirit with Guizhou’s characteristics of "being politically steadfast, professionally competent and highly disciplined with good style, love for the people and spirit of selfless dedication" and strengthened implementation capacity-building for leaders, middle-level cadres and staffs. The situation of jointly developing business and excelling in performance is taking shape.

　　【Review of decade of poverty alleviation and development】 Since 2001, Guizhou Province has seriously implemented the "Outline for Poverty Alleviation and Development of China's Rural Areas (2001-2010)". Based on the actual situation of Guizhou Province, first of all, the provincial government put forward the strategic thinking of "two most important tasks" (taking the "three rural" work as the most important task of Guizhou Province and taking poverty alleviation in the new era as the most important task of the "three rural" work); Secondly, the government made two “decisions” ("Decision of CPC Guizhou Provincial Party Committee and Guizhou Provincial People’s Government on Promoting the Poverty Alleviation and Development in the New Era" (Qian Dang Fa〔2001〕No.16) and "Decision of CPC Guizhou Provincial Party Committee on Strengthening the Poverty Alleviation and Development in the New Era"  (Qian Dang Fa〔2001〕No.11) on the poverty alleviation and development in the new era; Thirdly, the government issued "three policy and regulation document" (Fujian Provincial people's Congress Standing Committee promulgated the "Regulations on Audit of Anti-poverty Funds in Guizhou Province" and the General Office of the Provincial Government forward the "Notice of the Provincial Poverty Alleviation Office and Other Departments on Further Strengthening the Supervision and Management of Anti-poverty Funds"(Qian Fu Ban Fa [2007] No. 103) and the "Opinions of the Provincial Poverty Alleviation Office and Other Departments on Promoting the Reform of Supervision on the Use of Ant-poverty Funds" (Qian Fu Ban Fa〔2010〕No.77), which effectively accelerated the process of poverty alleviation and development in Guizhou Province. The party committees and governments at all levels in Guizhou Province led the cadres and masses to brave difficulties and work hard, made steady progress in poverty reduction and created a new situation of poverty alleviation and development. According to statistics, from 2001 to 2010, a total of 28.93 billion Yuan of anti-poverty funds was issued in the province, of which 7.56 billion Yuan was financial anti-poverty funds from the central government, 2.08 billion Yuan was provincial matching funds, 2.66 billion Yuan was work-relief funds, 340 million Yuan was minority development funds, 2.65 billion Yuan was social poverty relief funds, 12.45 billion Yuan was poverty relief discount loans and 480 million Yuan was foreign investment, and more than 110,000 poverty alleviation projects were implemented in villages, which speeded up the infrastructure construction in impoverished areas, increased sources of farmers’ income, enhanced the basic quality of the poor and ended the history of overall poverty of rural areas in Guizhou Province. The province achieved the historic leap from basic supply of food and clothing to overall well-off situation and entered into a new era of building a moderately prosperous society.