Poverty Alleviation and Development in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

　　【Overview】In 2011, Ningxia made substantial progress in the anti-poverty work with joint efforts of the masses, significantly accelerated the rural infrastructure construction in impoverished regions, steadily promoted the development of social undertakings, boosted the rapid development of the industries with local characteristics and continued to improve the production and living conditions of the rural residents. Per capita net income of farmers reached 3964 Yuan, 549 Yuan more than that of the previous year, up 16.1%.

　　【Poverty reduction planning】Ningxia successfully prepared three plans after completing the task of expanding poverty alleviation scale and calculating the poverty line ahead of schedule: First, it prepared the poverty alleviation and development planning for the new decade. On the basis of in-depth field research and repeatedly soliciting opinions of relevant experts and scholars as well as the grassroots cadres, Ningxia completed the preparation of the “Opinions on Further Promoting the Rural Poverty Alleviation and Development in Ningxia”. Second, it prepared the “Planning for Regional Development and Poverty Reduction of Liupan Mountain Area of Ningxia”. The central work conference on poverty alleviation and development and the “Outline for Development-oriented Poverty Reduction for China’s Rural Areas (2011-2020)” included Liupan Mountain area as one of the 14 contiguous poor areas with particular difficulties in the country and the main battlefield of a new round of poverty alleviation and development. As a lot of work was done in the pro-phase, after the introduction of the “New Outline”, Ningxia successfully completed the preparation of the Planning in a short period of time. Third, it completed the preparation of the “Opinions on Promoting the Development of Transferred Labors”.

　　【Relocation for poverty alleviation】Ningxia allocated a total of 2.673 billion Yuan for ecological resettlement project, started the construction of 75 project areas, set up 20,000 units of housing for immigrants, adjusted the development of 89,000 mu of land, relocated a total of 30,500 people and transferred employments for 6500 immigrants. In 2011, Ningxia invested 640 million Yuan of anti-poverty funds, arranged the construction of 24 labor resettlement points, built 8241 sets of turnover housing with an area of 329,600 square meters for more than 30,000 people, completed the investigations of volunteer relocation of the region and made ​​policy recommendations to the region’s party committee and government.

　　【Entire village advancement】Ningxia introduced the “Poverty Alleviation and Development Planning for Entire Village Advancement of Ningxia during the ‘12th Five-Year Plan’ Period” and launched the entire village advancement projects in the first batch of 248 key villages during the “‘12th Five-Year Plan” period, involving 107,168 households and 463,238 people of 100 towns in 22 counties (cities, districts). 200 of the involved villages are impoverished villages of the key counties for national poverty alleviation and development covered by the “12th Five-Year Plan” for the entire village advancement developed by LGOP, and 48 villages are poverty-stricken villages concentrated with immigrants. In accordance with the construction objectives of “six accesses to rural households” (water, road, electricity, gas, housing and beautiful environment) and “five accesses and ten possessions” (access to road, water, radio and television, information and buses; possession of housing, new energy projects, sanitary latrines, basic farmland, schools or pre-school education, clinics, culture room or farmers’ reading room, sports or ethnic cultural activities venues, office space, farmhouse supermarket or agricultural animal husbandry service points), Ningxia intensified the integration of industrial (sectoral) and social resources for key poor villages and invested a total of 520 million Yuan that year, averagely 2.09 million Yuan per village, for the construction of a large number of projects, covering infrastructure construction, development of social undertakings and competitive industries with local characteristics and the ecological environment renovation project.

　　【Industrial poverty alleviation】Ningxia put in a total of over 400 million Yuan of financial funds and social anti-poverty funds to support the impoverished regions to develop competitive industries with local characteristics such as grass growing, livestock breeding, potato, chinensis, selenium sand melon, Chinese herbs and seedlings, as well as the water-saving agriculture such as greenhouse fruits and vegetables. It invested 9 million Yuan of anti-poverty discount funds to encourage the issuance of 240 million of loans to the poor and poverty alleviation leading enterprises, providing financial support for the poor to develop production and for the poverty alleviation leading enterprises to expand.

　　【"Shuangdao" project for poverty reduction】Ningxia allocated 30 million Yuan of “Shuangdao” funds in 2011 to support the project construction of 23240 poor households identified in the convergence of “two systems”. It supported 5133 households to engage in planting, 11645 households to engage in breeding, 1141 households to get involved in ecological relocation and dangerous house renovation and 270 households to construct rain water collecting centers, issued free shares for 3834 households to join in the mutual funds (one share for each household), subsidized 408 university students from needy families and provided medical aid for 809 persons suffering from serious illness, benefiting 91,478 people. The largest amount of financial aid was 3000 Yuan each household and the smallest amount was 1000 Yuan, averagely 1400 Yuan.

　　【Pilot project of village-level mutual funds】It allocated anti-poverty funds of 50 million Yuan and invested the funds to the poor villages according to the standard of 200,000 Yuan for each small village and 300,000 Yuan for each big village. It added 200 project villages for mutual funds, making the number of project villages reach 970, benefiting 460,000 people, and the total mutual funds amounted to 365 million Yuan. Ningxia launched the financial innovation anti-poverty project of “Credit and Mutual Funds for One Thousand Villages” and launched the first batch of pilot projects in 110 villages. The rural households that joined in the mutual aid society can enjoy double support policy of mutual funds and financial credit. In addition, it set up the mutual fund information management center, steadily promoted the construction of mutual fund information platform and organized the cities and counties (cities, districts) to conduct a large-scale cross-check of all mutual fund project villages in the region.

　　【Rain Plan】It integrated 8 million Yuan of funds to support the medium-and long-term training of employment transfer of rural surplus labors in impoverished regions, explored the establishment of the new mechanism for the combination of medium-and long-term training and labor transfer and the dynamic management of training bases, and trained a total of 5000 junior and senior middle school graduates in the whole year. It organized the pilot reform of Rain Plan in Xiji, Haiyuan and Tongxin County and successively held four trainings of town and village cadres and university student village cadres for 200 persons, six seminars for 300 industrial development leaders (including women), four training courses for 159 persons with disabilities, four trainings for 198 fixed-point poverty alleviation and poverty relief cadres and six trainings of backbones for mutual fund projects for 400 people.

　　【Social poverty alleviation】The Ministry of Railways, the Soong Ching Ling Foundation, Gezhouba Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Group Co., Ltd. and CSCEC put in a total of 7.94 million Yuan of anti-poverty funds, of which 5 million Yuan was invested by the Ministry of Railways to support the land leveling and environment improvement in three new immigrant’s villages of Yuanzhou District, the construction of one dam in two key poor villages and 400 rainwater collection centers in a new immigrant’s village; 1.5 million Yuan was invested by the Soong Ching Ling Foundation to train 50 cadres at all levels for Pengyang County and subsidize 150 poor students; and 1.44 million Yuan was put in by Gezhouba Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Group Co., Ltd to support the construction of one reservoir and digging of five wells for Xiji County.

　　It held in Yinchuan the 15th joint meeting on Fujian-Ningxia pairing-off poverty alleviation and 11 provincial leaders from Fujian provincial party committee, NPC, government and CPPCC attended the meeting. The aid funds for Ningxia was increased from 21 million Yuan to 30 million Yuan and Jinjiang City was designated to provide counterpart support for Hongsibu District. Fujian’s counties (cities and districts) involved in the pairing-off poverty alleviation invested a total of 65.6 million Yuan of aid funds and social assistance funds (including materials). The two provinces also carried out the economic and trade activity of “Poverty Reduction by Fujian’s Agricultural Industrialization Leading Enterprises in Ningxia”.

　　It held the work conference on social fixed-point poverty alleviation. The regional, municipal and county (city, district)-level aiding units invested a total of 41.927 million Yuan and coordinated the allocation of 36.4 million Yuan of project funds for poverty reduction. The regional aiding units (including Ningxia Military Area, Ningxia Armed Police Corps and Ningxia Fire Brigade) invested 20.073 million Yuan of relief funds and materials and coordinated the allocation of 8.538 million Yuan of project funds; the city-level aiding units invested 2.757 million Yuan in kind and cash and coordinated the allocation of 3.292 million Yuan of project funds; the county-level aiding units put in a total of 19.097 million Yuan in kind and cash and coordinated the allocation of 24.57 million Yuan of project funds.

　　【Poverty reduction by family planning】In addition to the special funds for the program of “fewer children for fast prosperity”, Ningxia allocated 5 million Yuan of financial anti-poverty funds to support the household projects of the impoverished among the rural households involved in the family planning. In accordance with the spirit of the central work conference on the combination of poverty alleviation and family planning, it completed the identification of objects of poverty reduction among the rural households covered by the family planning.

　　【Management of anti-poverty funds】Ningxia introduced the “Measures on Supervision and Management of Anti-poverty Funds”. Ningxia Poverty Alleviation Office, Supervision Department, Development and Reform Commission, Department of Finance, Department of Audit, Ethnic Affairs Commission and the Council Office for Rectifying jointly conducted an overall supervision and inspection on the implementation of the Rectification Program for the Use and Supervision of Anti-poverty Funds in 2010 and the management of overdue mutual funds, organized the (joint) meeting on the supervision and coordination of the use of anti-poverty funds and revised and improved the (joint) meeting system for the supervision and coordination of the use of anti-poverty funds.

　　【Poverty alleviation publicity】In the form of recommendations of governments at various levels, review by the autonomous region and announcement on the news media, it recommended the advanced collectives and advanced individuals to be rewarded at the central work conference on poverty alleviation and development, carefully designed Ningxia Pavilion in the “Exhibition on China’s Poverty Reduction Achievements in the New Century” and won the “Excellence Award”. In 2011, it had more than 130 articles on poverty alleviation printed (broadcasted) on the central and regional news media, issued the “Poverty Reduction Campaign in Xihaigu”, carried out publicity of the “Outline for Development-oriented Poverty Reduction for China’s Rural Areas (2011-2020)” and the spirit of the central poverty alleviation work conference, and started the preparation of the poverty relief drama - “Large-scale Relocation”.

　　【Poverty alleviation team building】In accordance with the requirements of “creating a high-quality poverty alleviation and development cadre team with practical working style and selfless dedication spirit” of General Secretary Hu Jintao, Ningxia carried out the activities of “mounding the image outside with strong quality inside” and “further creating a clean development environment” with “five competitions and five establishments” as the main contents (compete in study to establish a new image of learning-style institution; compete in unity to establish a new image of unity and harmony; compare enthusiasm to establish respect for hard work; compare working styles to establish a new image of fulfilling duties, and compare contributions to establish a new image of strong courage for dedication. It introduced the “Ten Provisions on Further Strengthening of Work-style Construction of Institutions”, revised the “Financial Management System of Institutions” and set up the liaison office system for leaders and cadres to support poor villages.