Industrial Poverty Alleviation

Poverty Alleviation by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee
【Overview】In 2016, the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee conscientiously implemented the decision of the central government on winning the tough battle against poverty, profoundly studied and implemented the spirit of general secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping’s important speeches on poverty alleviation and development, especially the spirit of Xi Jinping’s important instructions on party building to promote poverty reduction. Giving full play to the functions of the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee, Zhao Leji, head of the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee strived to cultivate powerful leadership for impoverished regions, strengthen the construction of grassroots party organizations, activate the party members and strengthen the construction of the talent team. Zhao Leiji and the ministerial affairs meeting members went to the impoverished regions and the twinned poor counties of the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee-Zhouqu County of Gansu Province and Taijiang County of Guizhou Province, sent consolation to the poor people, and gave field guidance on party building to promote poverty reduction. The Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee specially held the work conference on party building to promote poverty reduction in contiguous destitute areas, the work conference on central units’ cadre dispatch for fixed-point poverty alleviation, the forum on maintaining a stable chief party and government leadership of poor counties, and the meeting on promoting key tasks in party building, issued the“Notice on Maintaining a Stable Chief Party and Government Leadership of Poor Counties during the Poverty Reduction Period”, the“Circular on Further Strengthening Cadre Selection and Dispatch to Support the Twinned Poor Counties for Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation”, the“Circular on Further Strengthening and Improving the Management of Cadre and Talent Selection and Dispatch for East-West Pairing-off Poverty Alleviation”, and the“Key Work in Party Building to Promote Poverty Reduction”, incorporated party building to promote poverty reduction into the list of key tasks of the education of“Two Studies, One Action”, and promoted the implementation of various tasks for party building to promote poverty reduction, striving to provide a strong organizational guarantee for winning the tough battle against poverty. 
【Poverty alleviation by cadre dispatch】Strengthening the education and training of cadres in the poverty-stricken areas. Made special deployments on the special training of“poverty alleviation”, guided local governments and relevant departments to organize the study of General secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping’s important strategic thinking on poverty alleviation and development and hold trainings of pro-poor policies; and cooperated with LGOP to formulate the“Planning for the Training of Cadres and Poverty Alleviation Cadres for Impoverished Regions Nationwide (2015-2017)”. Local governments earnestly implemented the requirements of the central government, continued to strengthen the training of targeted poverty reduction, and strived to improve the ability and quality of the cadres in poor areas and promote the smooth implementation of the anti-poverty work. 
Strengthening the construction of the leading groups and cadres in the poverty-stricken areas. In May, we held the work conference on party building to promote poverty reduction in contiguous destitute areas and the meeting on leadership election for the cities, counties and towns, clearly proposed to take poverty reduction results as an important basis for the selection and use of cadres, adhere to relevant standards, preferential selection, accurate identification and proper selection, broaden our horizons and make the county leadership a strong collective leadership of the poverty reduction. Seizing this important turning point, we guided the local governments to strengthen the leadership, and transferred the most outstanding and most suitable cadres of the province to the poor counties. 
Maintaining a stable chief party and government leadership of poor counties. In order to further clarify the main responsibilities of county party committees and governments in poverty reduction, in April, in cooperation with LGOP, we issued the“Notice on Maintaining a Stable Chief Party and Government Leadership of Poor Counties during the Poverty Reduction Period”and made“no adjustment until shaking off poverty and no transfer until taking off the hat of poverty”a discipline. In June, we sent inspection teams to carry out special inspection on the situation of maintaining a stable chief party and government leadership of poor counties, and announced the results. In December, the work conference on maintaining a stable chief party and government leadership of poor counties was convened. 
Actively selecting and sending outstanding cadres to work in poor areas. 1813 outstanding cadres of the central units and eastern and central regions were selected to work in Tibet and Qinghai. We selected 225 cadres of the central units to work in the western regions, old industrial bases and old revolutionary base areas, strengthened the education and training as well as the management assessment work by holding training courses and implementing quarterly reporting system of performance, guided and urged them to play a positive role, and promoted the effective implementation of the central government’s policies in impoverished regions. We selected 912 cadres from the central units and eastern regions to work in poor counties, and the poverty reduction work covered all the 592 key counties for national poverty alleviation and development. To help poor areas cultivate cadres, in conjunction with the United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee and the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, we selected 535 cadres from the western regions and other minority areas as well as the original Central Soviet Area to work in the central and state organs, financial enterprises directly under the central government, backbone state-owned enterprises and the eastern developed regions, including 228 from poor areas, accounting for 42.6%. 
Constantly improving the system for performance evaluation of the leading groups and cadres in poor counties. Guided local governments to continuously implement the“Opinions on Improving the Performance Evaluation of the Party and Government Leaderships of Poor Counties in Economic and Social Development”, promoted local governments to constantly improve the assessment system and the performance evaluation of the leadership of poor counties, shifted the focus of evaluation from GDP to the results of poverty alleviation and development work, cancelled the GDP assessment of the regions where development is restricted and the key ecologically fragile counties for national poverty alleviation and development, took the enhancement of the living standard of poor people and the reduction in the number of poverty-stricken people as the main indicators, and guided the party and government leadership of poor areas to focus on anti-poverty work. In February, we formulated the“Measures for the Evaluation of the Results of Poverty Alleviation and Development Work of Provincial Party Committees and Governments”jointly with the LGOP, issued the document in the name of the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council, and made the assessment results in 2016 an important basis for the comprehensive evaluation of the principals and leadership of provincial Party committees and governments.
【Poverty alleviation through talents】Increases personnel support for poverty-stricken areas, formulated the“Opinions on Deepening the Reform of Talent Development System and Mechanism”and, according to the requirements of the targeted poverty alleviation strategy, clearly proposed to promote the flow of talents towards remote areas and grassroots areas with harsh conditions, improve the level of personnel security for remote areas and grassroots areas with harsh conditions so that they’ll be valued politically and respected by the public, and will benefit economically. Coordinated the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security to issue the“Opinions on Deepening the Reform of Professional Title System”, and proposed to“focus on the actual work performance in the evaluation of the professional technical personnel working in remote areas and grassroots areas with harsh conditions, and loosen the requirements for education and tenure of office”; strengthened the implementation of the talent support plan for remote poor areas, border areas, minority areas and old revolutionary base areas, and selected and cultivated nearly 70,000 teachers, doctors, scientists, technicians, social workers and cultural workers for these areas. Sent the second batch of 179 medical workers to support Tibet, and organized the first batch of 172 medical workers to support Xinjiang. In the implementation of the“One Thousand People Program”and“Ten Thousand People Program”, priorities were given to the poor areas, and 101 people and 217 people of the poor areas were selected respectively for the two programs. In order to boost the development of competitive characteristic industries in poor areas and further promote the implementation of the doctoral service group and Western Light visiting scholar program, we cultivated a total of 337 Western Light visiting scholars and sent to the poor areas a doctoral service group composed of 396 doctors. 
【Grass-roots party building for poverty alleviation】Cultivating excellent leaders for impoverished towns and villages. Guided 32,000 towns to complete the general election of Party committee members, urged local governments to select cadres familiar with agriculture, farmers and rural areas to serve as chief Party and government leaders of poor towns combined with the general election of Party committee members, and select outstanding local township leaders, professional technical cadres, authorized township officers, outstanding village leaders and college-graduate village cadres to join the leading groups. We adjusted the Party secretaries of more than 3500 poor towns nationwide, selected 14,000 old township cadres and professional technicians to serve as leaders of poor towns, further optimized the leadership structure of poor towns, and improved the overall functions of the towns significantly. Combined with the general election work, Inner Mongolia, Henan and Chongqing arranged one professional officer to take charge of the poverty reduction work in each poor town. Ningxia selected 50 deputy-division or section-level cadres from the autonomous region’s relevant departments and bureau as well as five prefecture-level cities to serve as deputy party secretaries of 50 poor towns. Anhui sent 484 professional technical cadres to join the Party committee of one third of the towns in the province. 
Strengthening the cultivation of leaders for impoverished villages. Urged local governments to carry out a centralized investigation and in-depth analysis of the party secretaries of 128,000 registered impoverished villages with county as the unit, adjusted more than, 5,000 party secretaries of impoverished villages, carried out rectification of more than 30,000 weak Party organizations, held training of all the Party secretaries and directors of village committees of poor villages, and organized professional skills trianings of Party members and young farmers of impoverished villages, significantly enhancing the creativity, cohesiveness and fighting capacity of the Party organizations in the poor village. Taking the opportunity of the general election, Chongqing and Sichuan implemented the local high-quality personnel development program and the project for ten thousand talents to come back in the rural area, selected 10,000 outstanding talents from the leaders in becoming rich, migrant businessmen, returned veterans, retired cadres and college-graduate village cadres to serve as members of the village committees of impoverished villages. The organization departments of the provincial Party committees of Hebei, Hunan and Guizhou organized training in rotation of Party secretaries of impoverished villages to enhance their ability to lead the masses shake off poverty. Jilin, Yunnan and Xinjiang provided a“negative list of names”of the candidates of“two committees”of poor villages, strictly checked relevant information and cancelled more than 5,000 candidates who did not meet the requirements. 
Doing a good job of selecting and dispatching the first party secretary. 195,000 first secretaries were selected and dispatched to poor areas, including 339 from the central and state organs, covering all the villages with weak Party organizations and all the registered impoverished villages. Urged local governments to adjust the term of office of the first secretary to no less than two years and arrange the first secretaries according to the actual situation of various villages to ensure that go-getters are really dispatched to serve the people; urged relevant counties and towns to implement the direct management responsibility and strengthen daily management and assessment to ensure that they’ll work in the villages for a long time, make adjustment of incompetent cadres and reward outstanding cadres. A total of 7200 first secretaries were dismissed and 12,000 first secretaries with outstanding performance were promoted. The cadre dispatching units were urged to implement the relevant projects, fund projects and responsibility. The provincial government developed the overall planning and arranged no less than 10,000 yuan per person per year for the first secretaries. In conjunction with LGOP, we held three demonstration training courses for the first secretaries sent by central and state organs, encouraging local governments to hold trainings for more than 160,000 first secretaries; coordinated the Xinhua News Agency, CCTV and other media to make propagandas of the effective practices and advanced models of the first secretaries in various regions, and edited the book titled“Case Study of Party Building to Promote Poverty Reduction · First Secretary”, creating a good atmosphere for the first secretaries to do a good job. 
Giving full play to the leading role of Party members in helping the masses become rich. 116 million yuan of Party membership dues under the management of the central government and more than ten billion yuan of matching funds issued by local governments were used to support the trainings of village cadres and Party members for poverty reduction in 832 impoverished counties. Combined with the education of“Two Studies, One Action”, local governments urged the Party members to serve as pioneers in poverty alleviation, and organized capable Party members to help poor households through the establishment of a pairing-off relationship with them. Some regions implemented the Party members’ targeted poverty alleviation demonstration projects and the red credit projects, set up the Party member development fund, and cultivated a large number of Party member leaders in shaking off poverty and becoming rich. Sichuan launched the demonstration project of Party members’ targeted poverty alleviation, and planned to create Party members’ targeted poverty alleviation demonstration projects for more than 10,000 impoverished villages in the province, one for each. The provincial, city and county-level organization departments issued subsidy of 10,000 yuan for each project. Yunnan has set up a“red credit”to issue unsecured discount loans for rural Party members to launch businesses, aiming to stimulate the enthusiasm of the Party members for start a business and become rich. 
Strengthening basic guarantee for the construction of grassroots Party organizations in poor areas. In August, we issued the“Notice on Strengthening Financial Guarantee for the Operation of Village Organizations”jointly with the Ministry of Finance, and established a stable financial guarantee system based on financial investment to improve the level of guarantee for village-level organizations and ensure that village-level organizations will effectively performance their duties and serve the masses. Party committees and governments at all levels increased input to provide guarantee for the construction of grassroots party organizations in poor areas. According to statistics, in 500 of the 832 poor counties, the basic remuneration of village cadres and the office expenses of village-level organization amounted to no less than 90,000 yuan per village per year, accounting for 60%; in 80% of the counties, the basic pay of villages’ party secretaries is no less than two times the annual per capita disposable income of rural residents in the previous year; among the 128,000 impoverished villages, 70% got the special funds for serving the masses, and  99% built the activity venues. Meanwhile, we strengthened the construction of small township canteens, small toilets, small bathhouses, small libraries and small recreational and sports activity centers to improve the working and living conditions of township cadres. 
Selecting college-graduate village officials for impoverished villages. Guided local governments to improve the policy measures, dispatched the newly selected college-graduate village officials to work in impoverished villages, and made appropriate adjustment of the on-duty college-graduate village officials to work in poor villages; further clarified the responsibilities and tasks of the college-graduate village cadres of impoverished villages, and implemented the supporting policies such as the policy on ensuring basic pay. About 25,000 college-graduate village cadres were selected nationwide. Also, we held a special meeting to make deployments for the key work, including giving play to the role of college-graduate village cadres in poverty reduction, strengthened the guidance and supervision and stepped up the implementation of relevant work; held 50 college-graduate village cadre demonstration training courses for 5,000 people jointly with the Ministry of Agriculture, targeting at the college-graduate village cadres of poor villages; and held five college-graduate village cadre training courses for 1,000 people of impoverished villages jointly with China Poverty Alleviation and Development Association. 
【Overview of the fixed-point poverty alleviation】According to the overall requirements for the combination between“project support and party building support”, relying on local cadres and the masses, giving play to the advantages of organizational departments, the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee vigorously promoted the fixed-point poverty alleviation work in Zhouqu County of Gansu Province and Taijiang County of Guizhou Province. In 2016, the poverty reduction work of Zhouqu County was among the front ranks in Gansu Province, and the overall economic and social development level of Taijiang County was enhanced from the last one of the 47 non-economically strong counties in the province in 2015 to the 42th place this year. 
【Poverty alleviation trainings】 Highlighting the key point of strengthening team construction to stimulate the endogenous power of poverty alleviation. We invited more than 20 experts and scholars of the National Development and Reform Commission, Zhejiang University and China Architectural Design and Research Institute to give lectures for the two poor counties, organized more than 150 township cadres of Zhouqu County to receive trainings in Changzhou of Jiangsu; supported Taijiang County to hold five training courses for 275 people in Quanzhou City of Fujian Province and Zunyi City of Guizhou Province; coordinated and selected 26 cadres of the two poor counties to work for practice in the Ministry of Finance and the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, and work in Hangzhou of Zhejiang and Zunyi of Guizhou, urged Yuhang District of Hangzhou City to provide counterpart support for Taijiang County in party building; supported the two counties to establish the poverty alleviation responsibility system, assisted Taijiang County Party Committee to formulate the“Interim Measures for the“Four-in-one”Strict Management of Cadres”, organized 50 agricultural cadres and leaders in becoming rich of Zhouqu County to receive practical agricultural technology training at the Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, and organized personnel trainings for more than 6,000 person-times. 
【Poverty alleviation in education】Coordinated the First Affiliated Hospital of Lanzhou University and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University to provide support for the hospitals in the two twinned poor counties, and coordinated Changzhou City of Jiangsu Province and Hangzhou City of Zhejiang Province to send backbone teachers to support the education industry in the two poor counties. 
【Poverty alleviation through grassroots party building】Guided various towns to carry out field survey based on the general election of village committee members and develop a plan on strengthening reserve forces of village leadership; summarized the“ten households in one”experience of Changtan Village, Laotun Town, Taijiang County in the management of grassroots organizations, promoted the whole county to create the upgraded edition of“ten households in one” and the demonstration points; assisted Zhouqu County to carry out the activity of creating demonstration towns and villages in party building, comprehensively stepped up the construction of grassroots party organizations in rural areas, schools and communities; assisted the Party committee of Gannan Prefecture to incorporate the construction of 1,000 natural villages’ comprehensive service centers in the prefecture into the national planning on the development of Tibetan areas during the“13th Five-Year Plan”period, assisted Taijiang County to construct the first batch of 26 village-level service center for the Party members and the masses, and supported Zhouqu County to accelerate the construction of six poverty alleviation demonstration villages with infrastructure improvement as the core.
【Poverty relief projects】Coordinated China Tourism Institute to develop the overall planning for the development of tourism industry in Zhouqu County and the detailed planning for the development of three key scenic areas, including the Beach Forest Park and the Cuifeng Mountain, etc., coordinated Architectural Design & Research Institute of Tsinghua University to formulate the“Multi-disciplinary Planning and Overall Planning of the County”for Taijiang County, coordinated relevant experts of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences to promote the development of high-quality fruit and fruit seedlings such as big cherry and precocious olive in Zhouqu County, coordinated the National and Gansu provincial Couplet Association to guide Zhouqu County to deepen the construction of“a cultural county of Chinese couplet culture”; and actively assisted the two counties to strive for national projects. The infrastructure construction project of Daxiagou National Forest Park, in which Zhouqu County plans to invest 48 million yuan, was approved, the project of returning farmland of 108,000 mu to forest was pushed forward smoothly, more than 92 million yuan of funds were supplemented for the construction of the highroad connecting Daxiagou with the Beach Forest Park, and the highroad between Guazan Village and Wupinghadie Village; Taijiang County invested 680 million yuan of financial funds in infrastructure construction. Coordinated the Agricultural Development Bank to issue low-interest loans of 980 million yuan for the construction of small towns in Shidong, coordinated the Ministry of Water Resources to support the construction of 25 water conservancy projects in Taijiang County during the“13th Five-Year Plan”period with a total investment of 2.8 billion yuan; and actively strived for social relief funds of more than 5 million yuan to help the poor and improve the people’s livelihood. 
 (Sa Erna, Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee)
Poverty Alleviation by the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee
【Overview】In 2016, the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee (Information Office of the State Council) earnestly implemented the spirit of the important instructions given by the central leaders, actively made propagandas on poverty reduction according to the unified deployments of the central government, and showed China’s achievements in poverty alleviation to further enhance our confidence and morale, providing strong public opinion support for achieving the goal of poverty reduction as scheduled. 
【Poverty alleviation publicity】Making good use of important time nodes, we organized the new media to make propagandas on the spirit of General secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping’s important speeches given at the central economic working conference and the work conference on east-west pairing-off poverty alleviation, showing the courage and confidence of the central government for winning the tough battle against poverty and reflecting the active response of all circles of society as well as the implementation situation of relevant work. In cooperation with LGOP, we held the Seminar on Studying and Implementing General Secretary Xi Jinping’s Strategic Thinking on Poverty Alleviation and Development to fully present and study the theoretical and practical results of Xi Jinping’s strategic thinking on poverty alleviation and development, exchange ideas, further deepen the understanding of Xi Jinping’s strategic thinking and reach a consensus finally. 
Organized the central media to make propagandas on and interpret the policy measures on poverty reduction put forward by the“13th Five-Year Plan”, promote the publicity of the“Opinions on Establishing the Poverty Exit Mechanism”, the“Measures for the Implementation of the Poverty Reduction Responsibility System”and the“Guiding Opinions on Further Strengthening East-West Pairing-off Poverty Alleviation”, and push forward the implementation of the relevant policies. 
Organized news media to continuously open special columns of“winning the tough battle against poverty”and“ongoing poverty reduction”to show China’s great achievements in poverty alleviation and development in recent years, especially after the Eighteenth National Congress of the CPC combined with the publicity activities of“New Thoughts and New Practices of State Governance”, the NPC, the CPPCC and year-end inventory, enhancing people’s determination and confidence in fighting poverty.
Organized the central news media to carry out field survey at the grassroots level and report new practices, typical experience and moving deeds in the poverty alleviation and development, giving full play to the leading role of advanced models, make a series of reports on the Party members and cadres working hard at the grassroots level combined with the activity of“grassroots field survey in the Spring Festival”, make propagandas of a number of hardworking normal people who have become rich through self-reliance, tell stories about poverty reduction, transfer spiritual power and give play to the demonstration role of models. 
On special days such as the Poverty Alleviation Day, we organized centralized publicity of poverty reduction, made good use of news media, theory seminars, the State Council Information Office’s press conferences, white papers and other kinds of resources to prepare for and report the activities on the Poverty Alleviation Day and make propagandas for typical cases after the Poverty Alleviation Day, creating a good atmosphere for supporting and participating in poverty alleviation and for mobilizing and inspiring the whole society to fight poverty and win the tough battle against poverty. During that period, the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee timely issued a white paper on China’s progress in poverty reduction and human rights, which has a comprehensive review of China’s pragmatic approach and typical experience in promoting poverty reduction.
【Supervision of poverty reduction】According to the unified arrangements of the State Council Leading Group of Poverty Alleviation and Development, we set up an inspection team jointly with the Ministry of Culture and sent them to carry out supervision on the annual poverty reduction work done in Inner Mongolia in 2016, summarize the basic experience according to the basic strategy of targeted poverty reduction, find out prominent problems, and put forward suggestions and countermeasures to promote the implementation of relevant responsibility and work. 
【Overview of the fixed-point poverty alleviation】In 2016, the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee was designated to provide counterpart support for the poverty reduction in Xunwu County of Jiangxi Province, Yaozhou District in Tongchuan City of Shaanxi Province, and Horqin Right Middle Banner in Xing’an League of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Based on the actual situation of the local economic, social and cultural development, the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee determined the key annual work for the counterpart support, strengthened cultural poverty alleviation, intellectual poverty alleviation and the publicity of poverty reduction, sent six cadres to work in local areas for poverty reduction, and directly invested 32 million yuan in the work. To create a shortcut for Xunwu County to connect regions outside the province, we coordinated Guangdong Province to incorporate the Xunwu-Longchuan Highway Project into the list of projects under the supervision of the provincial government; coordinated Jiangxi Province to incorporate Qinglongyan Scenic Area of Xunwu County into the list of key projects for provincial dispatch; strived for 4 million yuan of funds to support the construction of cultural facilities and the development of farming industry in two impoverished villages in Xunwu County, namely Luwu Village of Xiangshan Town and Nanlong Village of Nanqiao Town, aiming to broaden the channels of farmers’ income growth. Also, we helped the Horqin Right Middle Banner introduce an environmental sanitation management enterprise with domestic leading technology to improve the living environment and quality of life of the local residents. 
【Field research on poverty alleviation】In October 2016, Liu Qibao, a member of the Political Bureau and Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee and Head of the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee made a special trip to Xunwu County, carried out field research and gave guidance on the local anti-poverty work, visited the poor residents and held talks with the grassroots cadres and the masses. We dispatched seven batches of 30 people to carry out field research on the grassroots propaganda work in Xunwu County, Yaozhou District and Horqin Right Middle Banner, and guide the fixed-point poverty alleviation and counterpart support work. The Bureau of Cadres and the Party Committee also sent relevant people to check the poverty reduction work of the cadres dispatched to Xunwu County and Yaozhou District, and carry out field research on the anti-poverty work. 
【Demonstration project of cultural service center】Based on the implementation of the demonstration project of comprehensive cultural service centers in ten thousand villages of one hundred counties in poverty-stricken regions nationwide launched in 2015, we continued to increase efforts on the counterpart support work. Based on the actual situation of Xunwu County and Horqin Right Middle Banner, in accordance with the basic standard of project construction, on the basis of the project construction in 2015, in 2016, we invested 8.3 million yuan in Xunwu County and 7.3 million yuan in Horqin Right Middle Banner to support the anti-poverty work, achieving the full coverage of comprehensive cultural service centers in all the villages (Kacha) of the two regions. In July, an inspection team was sent to Xunwu County to carry out supervision on the use of special funds and make evaluation of the project performance. 
【Poverty alleviation conferences】In February, Huang Kunming, Deputy Head of the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee carefully reviewed and approved the work plans developed at the meeting of the leading group on the annual poverty alleviation work and the symposium on the division of responsibility of the key tasks, requiring the relevant units to refine pro-poor measures to form join force, and requiring the poverty alleviation offices of the organs affiliated to the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee to strengthen coordination and provide good services for the work. Sun Zhijun, Deputy Head of the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee and the head of the leading group for poverty alleviation work of the organs affiliated to the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee presided over the meeting of the leading group on the annual poverty alleviation work and the symposium on the division of responsibility of the key tasks, determined the key work of the annual fixed-point poverty alleviation and counterpart support, and clarified the specific measures, work standards and schedules. In July and November, Sun Zhijun held talks with the principals of the Party committees and government of Xunwu County and Horqin Right Middle Banner respectively, carried out inspection on the implementation of the key anti-poverty work determined at the beginning of 2016, and discussed the key work and difficulties for the next step. 
【Poverty alleviation by sending cadres】Dispatched one section-level cadre and three office-level cadres to work in Xunwu County, one office-level cadre to work in Yaozhou District and one section-level cadre to support Horqin Right Middle Banner to promote local poverty reduction work. These cadres earnestly implemented the deployments made by the work conference of Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee, cooperated with the local party committees and governments, carried out field survey in the countryside, enterprises and schools, and launched the poverty alleviation work through the implementation of relocation, industry optimization, employment promotion, investment in education and infrastructure construction, etc.. 
【Cultural poverty alleviation】Before the Spring Festival, we coordinated some well-known artists to carry out the activity of“Spring Festival Condolences Performances”in Xunwu County. In October 2016, the Central Propaganda Department allocated 12 million yuan of aid funds to support the construction of libraries, renovation of cultural centers and cultural and art centers in Xunwu County. Coordinated relevant publishing units to donate more than 60,000 books and periodicals to Xunwu County Library and donate more than 50,000 Mongolian and Chinese books to the Horqin Right Middle Banner Library, increasing book storage and meeting people’s needs for reading. Also, we coordinated the relevant departments to promote the construction of intangible cultural heritage projects, folk culture villages and village cultural projects in Xunwu County, Yaozhou District and Horqin Right Middle Banner, aiming at improving the cultural life and livelihood of the rural people. 
【Poverty alleviation in education】Continuing to subsidize representatives of outstanding teachers in mountain areas of Xunwu County to study in developed areas during the summer vacation. In 2016, the outstanding teachers in the farming and stockbreeding areas of Horqin Right Middle Banner were the main objects of the subsidy program. From July 28 to August 5, 43 outstanding teachers of Xunwu County and Horqin Right Middle Banner (22 from Xunwu County and 21 from Horqin Right Middle Banner) were organized to visit nine characteristic schools in Jinan, Zibo, Beijing, etc., hold talks with the local excellent teachers and learn advanced theories on school running and good experience in teaching. During the delegation’s visit in Beijing, Deputy Head Sun Zhijun held talks with the delegation members and put forward the requirements and expectations for their work. Coordinated Yufang Education Fund to organize 14 experts to held trainings for nearly 1,000 headmasters, backbone class teachers and disciplinary teachers as well as more than 3,000 parents of students in batches in Xunwu County and Horqin Right Middle Banner successively; coordinated China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation to set up Hongzhi Class in Xunwu County; coordinate the project of“one thousand schools in one hundred counties”to support the construction of ten libraries in ten township middle schools of Xunwu County; coordinated volunteers of Wuxi to carry out the pairing-off student aiding activity of“Love for Two Cities”in Horqin Right Middle Banner and subsidized the first batch of 26 needy students; and supported the construction of ten rural school children’s palaces in Horqin Right Middle Banner so that all the 17 rural schools in the Banner were equipped with children’s palaces. To address the shortage of professional teachers in the children’s palaces of rural schools in Xunwu County, Yaozhou District and Horqin Right Middle Banner, we continued to coordinate relevant departments to hold tutor trainings to improve the quality of local teachers. 
【Intellectual poverty alleviation】In the first half and the second half year of 2016, we successively sent 15 cadres of publicity and cultural departments in Ganzhou City (including 11 from Xunwu County) and 15 cadres of Horqin Right Middle Banner to take part in the training class for propaganda cadres at the county level in the National Publicity Cadres Academy, and developed the program of“Suggestions for the Economic and Social Development in Horqin Right Middle Banner”jointly with the Propaganda Department of the Party Committee of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. With special fund support provided by Marx’s Theory Research and Construction Project, we organized relevant experts and scholars to carry out field research and strived to improve the ability of local cadres. Invited relevant experts to give lectures for the Party members and cadres at or above township level in Yaozhou District and Horqin Right Middle Banner, aiming to help them have a good understanding of the central government’s new concept, new thinking and new strategies for state governance, correctly understand the law of economic operation under the new normal state and improve their ability for economic development and governance. Also, we often donate such magazines as the“Party Building”,“Report on Current Events”and“Research of Ideological and Political Work”to the members of Party Committees of Xunwu County, Yaozhou District and Horqin Right Middle Banner and to the Party secretaries of the towns and villages (Kacha) in these three regions. 
【Poverty alleviation publicity】Coordinated central major media to carry out relevant activities in Xunwu County, Yaozhou District and Horqin Right Middle Banner and further publicize the history, natural resources and economic and social development of the local areas to improve the overall image and reputation of these areas and enhance the confidence of local cadres and masses to overcome difficulties and achieve leapfrog development. Coordinated the camera crew of CCTV’s“Topics In Focus”to photograph the revolutionary sites of the Red Army in Xunwu and introduce the red cultural resources to commemorate the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Long March of the Chinese Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army. Coordinated 23 editors and journalists of the People’s Daily and other central and provincial news media as well as mainstream media to report the enterprises and countryside in Xunwu County, focusing on the economic and social development, the construction of public culture, the river chief system and the transformation of sweet orange and navel orange industry in Xunwu County. Coordinated the news media to publicize the advanced and typical individuals and deeds in Yaozhou District as well as the results of anti-poverty work; coordinated the central news media and the mainstream media of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Xing’an League to make propagandas on the economic construction, national unity, poverty alleviation and cultural tourism in Horqin Right Middle Banner, and publicize the Banner’s“China National Horse Racing Tournament & the Third International Equestrian Festival in Inner Mongolia of China”and the 8 Wujiaofeng Tourism Culture and Art Festival. In 2016, the central, provincial media and websites printed and forwarded more than 500 articles on the relevant affairs in the three regions.
【Industrial poverty alleviation】To boost the implementation of targeted poverty alleviation and support Jiangxi Province’s deployments on supporting counties and promoting the development of cities, we coordinated the central news media to report the development of Gannan navel orange and Xunwu mandarin orange in Gannan City as well as the measures for industry transformation and upgrading so as to create brands of navel orange and mandarin orange, boost the development of fruit industry and lift the masses out of poverty. 
【Poverty alleviation consolation】In September 2016, we contacted and coordinated China Foundation for Human Rights Development to visit and send condolences to 200 households of elderly people living alone, empty-nest elderly people and those which fell into poverty due to illness or disabilities in Xunwu County and Horqin Right Middle Banner and issued solatium of 220,000 yuan. 
 (Chen Kangliang, Lv Kai, Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee)
Poverty Alleviation by the United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee
【Overview】In 2016, the United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee（hereinafter referred to as“UFWD”）earnestly studied and implemented General secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping’s important strategic thinking on poverty alleviation and development, profoundly implemented the decision of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on winning the tough battle against poverty, adhered to the basic principle of targeted poverty reduction, carefully organized, scientifically designed and coordinated the relevant work, completed the construction of 287 aid projects and the training of more than 22,000 rural teachers, doctors and technicians, organized more than 130 activities of  public welfare donation, free diagnosis and treatment, science lecture, information service and industrial guidance, directly issued aid funds of 210 million yuan, organized and guided private enterprises to take part in the targeted poverty alleviation action of“ten thousand enterprises’ support for ten thousand villages”, and made steady progress in the anti-poverty work. 
【Poverty alleviation conferences】On March 23, Sun Chunlan, Member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee and Head of UFWD presided over the conference on working together to reduce poverty and multi-party cooperation for the construction of Bijie Experimental Zone in Bijie City of Guizhou Province, studied and implemented the spirit of the central poverty alleviation and development conferences, especially the spirit of General secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping’s important speeches, summarized the experience in working together to reduce poverty and multi-party cooperation in constructing Bijie experimental zone, and explored measures for participating in a new round of poverty reduction jointly with the representatives of the central committees of democratic parties, principals of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce and patriots without party affiliation. The conference made overall deployments for the UFWD to participate in the main task of poverty reduction and made clear requirements for the overall coordination and optimization of all aspects of the UFWD. 
Throughout the year, four joint meetings on the UFWD’s participation in poverty reduction were convened to earnestly study and implement the spirit of Xi Jinping’s important speeches, exchange experience in targeted poverty alleviation, analyze the new situation of and new problems encountered in the anti-poverty work, and promote the implementation of aid work. 
【Field research on poverty alleviation】In March, Sun Chunlan carried out field surveys on the fixed-point poverty alleviation work in Qinglong County, Wangmo County and Bijie City of Guizhou Province, carried out in-depth exchange with the entrepreneurs, specialized cooperatives’ principals and poor households to understand the development situation of characteristic industries and talk about new paths to poverty reduction. Coordinated and supported the central committees of democratic parties and All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce to carry out field research in poor areas. More than 40 leaders successively carried out field survey in the twinned counties and poor areas and guided local poverty reduction work.
【Construction of poverty alleviation mechanism】Strengthened the guidance on UFWD’s fixed-point poverty alleviation and counterpart support work, improved UFWD’s leading group for social services, increased the central committees of democratic parties and the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce as the member unit, established the provincial and ministerial joint meeting system to strengthen the ties with Guizhou Province in poverty reduction, implemented the central government’s guidelines and policies for poverty alleviation and development as well as the spirit of relevant central leaders’ instructions, improved the daily work liaison and coordination mechanism, and focused on strengthening the docking with the twinned poor counties, the ties with the central committees of democratic parties and the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, the contacts with the cadres sent to poor areas and the relevant departments of the State Council to accelerate the implementation of aid work. 
【Aid program】Based on the actual needs of the poor areas as well as in-depth research and repeated communication, we integrated the advantageous resources of UFWD, and formulated the“UFWD’s Plan on Participating in Poverty Reduction in 2016”, which determined 294 aid projects, mainly covering industrial poverty alleviation, poverty alleviation in education, medical poverty alleviation, employment training, etc.. 
【Poverty alleviation publicity】In 2016, we had a total of 12 pieces of information printed in LGOP’s“Poverty Alleviation Information”, had 28 articles about typical cases and 8 articles about advanced individuals in UFWD’s participation in poverty reduction reported by news media and network platforms, and organized the 2016 national poverty alleviation award commendation. Lu Zhiqiang, Chairman of China Oceanwide Holdings Group Co., Ltd. won the Award of Dedication of the national poverty alleviation award. In the activities of the National Poverty Alleviation Day, the organs of UFWD organized a special meeting on poverty alleviation work, invited relevant principals of LGOP to introduce the situation of national poverty reduction and publicize the central government’s pro-poor policies, creating an atmosphere of all people’s participation in poverty reduction. 
【Poverty alleviation in old revolutionary base areas】Earnestly implemented the spirit of the“Several Opinions of the State Council on Supporting the Revitalization and Development of Gannan and Other Former Central Soviet Areas”and the“Guiding Opinions on Increasing Efforts on Poverty Reduction and Supporting the Development and Construction in Old Revolutionary Base Areas”, promoted the implementation of the“UFWD’s Work Plan on Counterpart Support for Guangchang County (2014-2016)”, completed the construction of four township seniors’ homes, 10 rural primary schools and 119 new rural clinics; coordinated private enterprises to donate more than 1.7 million yuan for the construction of audio-visual education rooms and dining rooms in rural primary schools and the procurement of TV sets and air-conditioners for township seniors’ homes, and provide financial aid for primary students from needy families in rural areas. 
【Democratic supervision of poverty alleviation】In June, the UFWD and LGOP issued the“Implementation Plan on Supporting the Central Committees of Democratic Parties to Carry out Democratic Supervision on Poverty Reduction”, clearly designated the central committees of eight democratic parties to carry out democratic supervision over the poverty reduction work in eight provinces (autonomous regions), namely Guizhou, Henan, Guangxi, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan, Shaanxi and Gansu. The UFWD and LGOP held the Opening Ceremony and Training of the Democratic Supervision of the Central Committees of Democratic Parties on Poverty Reduction. Sun Chunlan attended and addressed the conference, and pointed out the great significance of the democratic supervision work, showing the Central Committee of the CPC attached great importance to the multi-party cooperation. It is not only a useful exploration for democratic parties to carry out democratic supervision, but also a manifestation of the democratic parties’ serving the overall situation. LGOP Director General Liu Yongfu introduced the situation of national poverty reduction. After the meeting, the central committees of the democratic parties made deployments for the work and developed the work plans. They carried out field survey and prepared the research reports. The UFWD supported the central committees of democratic parties to carry out more than 20 field surveys throughout the year. 
【Overview of the fixed-point poverty alleviation】In 2016, the UFWD was designated to provide counterpart support for the poverty reduction in Hezhang County, Qinglong County and Wangmo County of Guizhou Province. Increased efforts on industrial poverty alleviation, education-based poverty alleviation, health poverty alleviation, the poverty alleviation by science and technology, and personnel training, completed the construction of 54 aid projects, held trainings of grassroots cadres, rural leaders in becoming rich, teachers of rural elementary and secondary schools and rural doctors for more than 3300 person-times, carried out four activities of delivering free medical services for more than 3,000 people, and provided free cataract treatment services for more than 400 people. 
【Poverty alleviation in education】Coordinated the Guangcai Student Aid Fund and the Oceanwide Students Aid Action Fund to donate 4.045 million yuan to subsidize 809 fresh college students from needy families in Hezhang County, and coordinated outstanding teachers and experts of democratic parties to hold 18 trainings of headmasters, deans and backbone teachers of primary and secondary school principals, involving more than 2400 people. 
【Medical poverty alleviation】Organized private enterprises to carry out a series of public medical service activities themed“Concentric-Chinese Heart”in Hezhang County, organized medical expert teams to provide free medical services in various towns of the county; coordinated the Tianjin TEDA Hospital and the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University to provide counterpart support for Hezhang People’s Hospital; coordinated the directors of China Overseas Friendship Association to donate for the construction of 17 new rural clinics in Hailian of Wangmo County; and coordinated the team of the“Joint Efforts of Both Sides of the Straits- Light Action”to carry out public welfare medical activities in Hezhang County, Qinglong County and Wangmo County, and conduct cataract surgeries for poverty-stricken cataract patients. 
【Industrial poverty alleviation】Coordinated Heren Charity Foundation to donate 30 million yuan to subsidize 12 poor villages in Hezhang County for the development of cattle, color pig, chicken and bee breeding industries; organized patriots without party affiliation and farming experts to give technical guidance on pest control for the development of walnut industry, tea-oil tree planting and sheep breeding in Qinglong County and give lectures on skill improvement. 
(Zhang Ben, General Office of the United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee)
Poverty Alleviation by the Work Committee for Offices Directly under the CCCPC
【Overview】In 2016, the Work Committee for Offices Directly under the CCCPC attached great importance to poverty alleviation and development. Li Zhanshu, a member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, member of the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee, and Secretary of the Working Committee of the Organs Directly under the CPC Central Committee gave important instructions on the work, put forward clear requirements, stressed that we should earnestly study and implement General secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping’s important instructions and the central governments’ decisions on poverty alleviation and development, and work harder to promote targeted poverty alleviation. Based on the actual situation, giving full play to its function advantages, the Working Committee of the Organs Directly under the CPC Central Committee promoted party building to support poverty reduction, actively coordinated the relevant departments, units and social forces to provide counterpart support for Pingshan County of Hebei Province and Ningwu County of Shanxi Province. In 2016, the Working Committee of the Organs Directly under the CPC Central Committee sent relevant cadres to carry out field survey in the twinned poor counties for 16 person-times, including four field surveys by ministerial leaders; helped introduce 6.5 million yuan of various kinds of funds and eight projects, benefiting 18 registered poor households; and held nine labor transfer trainings for 497 person-times, including labor employment trainings for 50 person-times. As the leading unit of the organs directly under the CPC Central Committee for the fixed-point poverty alleviation work, the Work Committee for Offices Directly under the CCCPC took the initiative to contact the organs affiliated to the CCCPC, carried out written research to understand the situation of fixed-point poverty alleviation work of relevant units, coordinated the work in fixed-point poverty alleviation, and timely reported to LGOP. 
【Poverty alleviation conferences】In 2016, Zhang Jianping, Deputy Standing Secretary of the Work Committee for Offices Directly under the CCCPC presided over the seminars on poverty alleviation for five times. Li Yong, Deputy Secretary of the Work Committee for Offices Directly under the CCCPC, members of the poverty alleviation work teams and the relevant leaders of the twinned poor counties attended the meeting, listened to the report on the anti-poverty work in the twinned poor counties, and jointly explored measures for targeted poverty alleviation. 
【Field research on poverty alleviation】In October 2016, Zhang Jianping headed a research group to carry out field survey on the fixed-point poverty alleviation in Pingshan County, visited the poor households and needy Party members, made clear the farmers’ production and living conditions as well as the implementation situation of pro-poor policies, paid a visit to Xibaipo Middle School to understand the poverty alleviation situation, held talks with the relevant leaders, the county, township and village cadres, the representatives of farmers and representative of teaching support teams, and helped solve problems in the anti-poverty work. In January 2016, Li Yong headed a research group composed of relevant comrades from the Work Committee for Offices Directly under the CCCPC and China Securities Regulatory Commission to carry out field research on the anti-poverty work in Henan Province, make propagandas of pro-poor policies of the central government, and sent condolence to the poor households and poverty alleviation cadres sent to the poor areas by the Work Committee for Offices Directly under the CCCPC. In November 2016, Li Yong headed a poverty reduction research group of the Work Committee for Offices Directly under the CCCPC to publicize Xi Jinping’s important instructions and the central government’s deployments in Ningwu County of Shanxi Province, carry out field survey on the development of local poverty alleviation industries, the construction of grassroots party organizations and the relocation situation, and visit the poor households and needy Party members. The research group held talks with the city, county, township and village cadres as well as the representatives of village-stationed first secretaries, visited local libraries and museums, and communicated with the relevant leaders of Shanxi Province on the anti-poverty work. 
【Poverty alleviation in education】In August 2016, the 19th batch of volunteer poverty alleviation service team of the Offices Directly under the CCCPC were dispatched to support the education in the old revolutionary base areas of Pingshan County, and the twinned poor areas for counterpart support in education were expanded to Xibaipo Town and Beiye Town. The 19th batch of volunteer poverty alleviation service team learned from the previous teaching support teams’ experience and further strengthened the construction of the WeChat Official Account of“Warm Trip”, striving to deliver love and commonweal to the public. We actively strived for the support of the People’s Daily, CCTV and other central mainstream media, as well as Sina, Sohu, NetEase, Tencent and other portals, and increased efforts on the publicity of the anti-poverty work, the development of education and the support for education in old revolutionary base areas, striving for more social concern and support. In cooperation with Shijiazhuang City Committee of the Communist Youth League, Shijiazhuang City Adolescent Development Foundation and the 11th Expansion Team of EMBA 26 of Cheung Kong Graduate School of Business, we held in Xibaipo Hope Primary School the activity of love for left-behind children and donation for campus construction themed on“Youth Poverty Alleviation to Build a Well-off Society”, raised 100,000 yuan of donations for the construction of“Hope Warm Dining Hall”, and issued student subsidies of 5,000 yuan. Assisted China Certified Tax Agents Association (CCTAA) to carry out donation activities in the Bayi Red Army Primary School in Xibaipo, and donated 46 computers. In cooperation with the Pingshan County Committee of the Communist Youth League, we held the“Techand Ecology Student Subsidy”issuing ceremony in Beiye Primary School, held talks with 13 representatives of left-behind children and their parents, and issued 6500 yuan of money donated by Liu Shui, Chairman of Shenzhen Techand Ecology & Environment Co., Ltd., and some other people. Coordinated Chen Lihao, member of the central committee of Jiusan Society and Chairman of YG soft Inc to donate 60,000 yuan for Beiye Township Central School; visited three students from destitute families in Xibaipo, donated student subsidies of 3600 yuan for them, and bought cotton clothes and cotton shoes for them as well. Assisted the County Committee of the Communist Youth League to carry out the public welfare activity of“raising alimony for children in disaster areas”, and raised a total of 95198.6 yuan for 50 children from the poor families affected in the rain disaster and the families receiving subsistence allowances in Pingshan County. 
Focusing on assisting Pingshan County Vocational Education Center in developing the specialty of automobile application and maintenance, we contacted Cangzhou Factory of Beijing Automobile Group Co., Ltd. and the Automobile Maintenance College of Geely University to provide targeted support in the field of teachers training, school-enterprise cooperation, recruitment and employment, and resource sharing. In January, 2016, Automobile Maintenance College of Geely University signed an agreement on cooperative school running with Pingshan County Vocational Education Center. In cooperation with Pingshan County Committee of the Communist Youth League, we created the“Pingshan Youth Public Welfare Auditorium”, invited relevant experts to give lectures on inspirational deeds and popular science, and established the long-term liaison mechanism to provide intellectual support for the poverty reduction in old revolutionary base areas. Invited Wei Qinping, Deputy Director General of Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Service Committee of Jiusan Society and Deputy Director of the Institute of Forestry and Pomology of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry to give lectures on fruit growing skills for more than 200 fruit growers in Pingshan County and establish a long-term tie between them. Promoted the establishment of the outstanding student scholarship system with a stable source in Xibaipo Middle School and Beiye Middle School to subsidize excellent students to complete their studies; assisted relevant departments to strengthen teachers training to improve the quality of teachers, coordinated the experts of the research group of“mental health promotion and educational model of left-behind and floating children”of the Institute of Psychology at CAS to hold a one-year training for 300 backbone teachers in Pingshan County. In 2016, the Party School of Offices Directly under the CCCPC held Party and government cadre trainings for two batches of 19 people of Ningwu County. 
【Poverty alleviation by sending cadres】The Work Committee for Offices Directly under the CCCPC sent 22 division-level cadres to serve as the“first secretaries”of Liangjiagou Village in Xibaipo Town of Pingshan County, and Yangfang Village in Yangfangkou Town of Ningwu County respectively, and as the Deputy Secretary of the County Party Committee of the two counties respectively. Based on their own advantages, these cadres strengthened the construction of the villages’“two committees”, regulated the activities of Party branches, implemented the basic system, steadily pushed forward the education of“Two Studies, One Action”, gave full play to the role of Party branches as battle fortress and the role of Party members as pioneers in industry development and poverty reduction, and actively offered advices for boosting local economic and social development through the transmission of information, consultation, fund introduction, intellectual support and grassroots Party organization construction. 
【Poverty alleviation by project construction】In 2016, on the basis of field research, Chen Liming, the“first secretary”of Liangjiagou Village put forward the idea and objective of“village development through tourism industry, starting a new undertaking”, and integrated more than 2.9 million yuan of funds to register the tourism brand of Huaxiangjian jointly with Hebei Kanghui Group. Through the development of rural tourism industry and the policy support, the number of registered poor households in the village was reduced to 17 and the number of the registered poor people in the village was reduced to 31, reaching the standard for shaking off poverty at the end of 2016. Ding Longguang, the“first secretary”of Yangfang Village promoted industry development to reduce poverty, and established the poor households-based specialized cooperatives for farming. In 2016, the cooperatives issued services fee of nearly 200,000 yuan to the poor, the returns on land were nearly 60,000 yuan, capital gains were nearly 50 thousand yuan, the condolence materials were worth about 40,000 yuan, and the average income amounted to more than 4,000 yuan per household; for some poor households without land or the ability to work, we applied for the project of poverty alleviation through PV power generation (100 kw). 
【Infrastructure construction】Contacted and coordinated Hebei Provincial Power Company to raise 130 thousand yuan for the installation of transformers and ammeters and the transformation of circuit for the residential buildings in the new rural areas of Liangjiagou; raised more than 30,000 yuan to install water purification equipment for Liangjiagou Village and improve the heating equipment of the village kindergartens; organized the first fun sports game of“A Family of Villagers”in Liangjiagou Village with the construction of“beautiful rural sports demonstration zones”as the starting point, aiming to enrich the cultural and sports life of the masses and advocate healthy and civilized life-style; and constructed for Yangfang Village a cultural square to publicize CPC’s policies, laws and local rules and regulations, the village Party school for education and training, the libraries with books worth more than 100,000 yuan, recreation rooms, as well as the first children’s happy home in the county that provide the local children with extracurricular education, child care and psychological counseling services. 
【Poverty alleviation by medical services】In 2016, we contacted China Social Welfare Foundation to launch the project of“Supporting Bereaved Old Folk”in Xibaipo, provided one-for-one assistance for 98 bereaved old people in Xibaipo Town, issued a total of 300,000 yuan of subsidies to these people throughout the year, 5-8 yuan per capita per day; donated medical supplies and services worth 1.1 million yuan to the Xibaipo Town Hospital, and donated medical equipment worth 2.6 million yuan to Pingshan County Sunshin Elderly People’s Apartment. Assisted Bybo Dental Group and other warm-hearted enterprises in carrying out the activity of“Light Health Charity Event”in Xibaipo, provided free oral examination and topical fluoridization services for more than 1,000 teachers and students of five schools, donated teaching facilities, learning supplies and articles for daily use worth 200 thousand yuan to the schools; moved Yangfang Village Clinic to the office building, set up the association of elderly people to be responsible for the supervision and management of the public security and health in the village, and set up the daycare center of elderly people as well. 
(Cao Ya,.Work.Committee.for.Offices.Directly.under.the.CCCPC)
Poverty Alleviation by the State Organs Work Committee of the CPC
【Overview】In 2016, the State Organs Work Committee of the CPC earnestly studied and implemented General secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping’s important strategic thinking on poverty alleviation and development and the strategic deployments of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on poverty reduction, in accordance with the arrangements of the LGOP and the State Council Leading Group of Poverty Alleviation and Development, gave full play to its advantages, strengthened the coordination, and steadily promoted the fixed-point poverty alleviation and in Lincheng County and Yangyuan County of Hebei Province. Throughout the year, a total of seven leaders of the State Organs Work Committee of the CPC and 26 organ cadres carried out field survey in the two counties, directly put in 808600 yuan of relief funds, helped the two counties introduce a dozen of aid projects, and strived for a total of 126 million yuan of various kinds of relief funds for the two counties, including government support, corporate investment, poverty-relief loans, etc.. 
【Poverty alleviation conferences】On October 14, 2016, the State Organs Work Committee of the CPC held the work conference on the fixed-point poverty alleviation of the central state organ. Yang Jing, Director of Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee, State Councilor, Director General of State Council and Party Secretary of the State Organs Work Committee of the CPC specially gave instructions to the anti-poverty work, stressed that we must earnestly study and implement the spirit of the important instructions given by General secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping and Premier Li Keqiang on the fixed-point poverty alleviation, constantly strengthen political consciousness, overall consciousness, core consciousness and par consciousness, take fixed-point poverty alleviation as an important political task, further strengthen the responsibility of helping the poor, improve the working mechanism and improve the effectiveness of poverty alleviation to make greater contributions for winning the tough battle against poverty. Li Zhiyong, Standing Deputy Secretary of the State Organs Work Committee of the CPC summed up the work experience of the State Organs Work Committee of the CPC in the fixed-point poverty alleviation, and put forward requirements for the next step. Zheng Wenkai, Deputy Director General of LGOP was invited to attend and address the event. Five departments, including the Supreme People’s Procuratorate and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs exchanged ideas, and Zhou Yuqing, Vice President of China Development Bank introduced the development-oriented financial poverty alleviation policies. 
【Poverty alleviation consolation】In February 2016, Li Zhiyong headed a delegation to carry out field survey and deliver condolence to the poor in Lincheng County and Yangyuan County, and issued special funds of 300,000 yuan to the poor people and Party members living in difficulty. Deputy Secretaries of the State Organs Work Committee of the CPC Chen Cungen and Chang Daguang, as well as the member and propaganda department head of the State Organs Work Committee of the CPC Liu Tao also carried out field survey in the two counties for many times, guided the fixed-point poverty alleviation work, and coordinated the implementation of aid projects. In addition, to make Lincheng County and Yangyuan County timely understand the pro-poor policies, the Office of the State Organs Work Committee of the CPC timely summarized the relevant policies, strengthened the communication with the two counties, formulated the poverty alleviation planning jointly with the two counties, and strived for support from various channels to promote the anti-poverty work.
【Field research on poverty alleviation】In 2016, relevant leaders of the State Organs Work Committee of the CPC including Li Zhiyong gave on-site guidance to the poverty reduction work in Lincheng County for seven times, and repeatedly communicated with the relevant leaders of Hebei Province and Xingtai City to promote the implementation of relevant projects. In April, Chen Cungen and Chang Daguang headed an investigation group to carry out field survey in Yangyuan County. Carried out research on the anti-poverty work jointly with the county party committee and the county government, carried out field survey on the situation of basic education and education informatization construction, and promoted Cloud School (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd. to provide support for the education in Yangyuan County and cooperate with Yangyuan County in the education informatization construction.
【Poverty alleviation publicity】 In January 2016, the State Organs Work Committee of the CPC and China Insurance Regulatory Commission jointly set up the 14th propaganda group headed by Chang Daguang to make propagandas and carry out field survey on poverty alleviation and development in Hebei Province. Through their careful interpretation of General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping’s strategic thinking on poverty alleviation and development as well as the“Decision on Winning the Tough Battle against Poverty”, the cadres at all levels of Hebei Province had a better understanding of the poverty alleviation strategy of the central government, and became more confident in winning the tough battle against poverty. The propaganda group also carried out field research in Lingshou County of Shijiazhuang City, visited the rural industrial poverty alleviation projects and the registered poor households, exchanged ideas with the masses, the grassroots cadres and the village-stationed work teams, and delivered condolence to the registered poor. 
【Supervision over poverty reduction】In October 2016, the State Organs Work Committee of the CPC and Ministry of Civil Affairs jointly set up the 7th Inspection Group to carry out inspection of the poverty reduction in Anhui Province. Headed by Chang Daguang, the inspection group carried out field survey in Shucheng County and Jinzhai County of Liu’an City, visited ten towns and 15 impoverished villages, by referring to relevant supporting policies and statistics, interviewed 87 county, township and village cadres, and visited 40 poor households, 16 families that shook off poverty recently, and two cooperatives households to understand the situation of the implementation of pro-poor policies in the countryside. 
【Construction of poverty alleviation system】In accordance with the requirements of LGOP and the National Development and Reform Commission, we carefully organized the study of a dozen of draft policies, laws and regulations, such as the“Plan on the Division of Labor for Important Policy Measures of the Guiding Opinions of the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council on Strengthening Poverty Reduction and Supporting the Development and Construction of Old Revolutionary Base Areas”, the“Guiding Opinions on Further Strengthening Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation”and the“Measures for Performance Evaluation of Provincial Party Committees and Governments in Poverty Alleviation and Development”, and summarized the feedbacks. In addition, we actively participated in the plenary meeting, liaison officers’ meeting and conferences on the strategic thinking on poverty alleviation and development of the State Council Leading Group of Poverty Alleviation and Development, and timely studied and implemented the spirit of the relevant conferences. 
【Liaison work】The State Organs Work Committee of the CPC actively implemented the strategic deployments of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on poverty alleviation and development, based on the actual situation, conscientiously performed duties, brought into full play the lead unit’s role of coordination, and conscientiously completed the related tasks. We earnestly studied and implemented the spirit of the Sixth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee and General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping’s important strategic thinking on poverty alleviation and development, in accordance with the strategic layout of“four comprehensiveness”, further unified our thoughts and constantly enhanced the sense of responsibility, sense of mission and sense of urgency in poverty alleviation and development under the new situation; issued documents to relevant departments of the central state organs and held poverty alleviation conferences to extensively solicit opinions of various departments. Meanwhile, we conscientiously did a good job of policy consultation and interpretation, summarized the opinions of the relevant departments and report to LGOP; contacted the relevant departments of the central state organs and the relevant poverty alleviation agencies and liaison officers to understand the situation of fixed-point poverty alleviation, and did a good job of information collection, contacts and communication. 
【Intellectual poverty alleviation】In 2016, the State Organs Work Committee of the CPC coordinated Cloud School (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd. to donate 45 sets of cloud platforms for wisdom education of Cloud School and its supporting service (including later stage technology support and upgrading) system worth 13.5 million yuan to Yangyuan County. The cloud platforms for wisdom education have been put into operation in 45 schools of the county, widely welcomed by the teachers and students, and played a positive role in promoting education informatization in the county. Arranged six outstanding cadres at the rank of section chief of Lincheng County and Yangyuan County to study in the Party School of the Central State Organs, broadening the horizons and improving the ability and quality of grassroots cadres; organized the 28th batch of 41 young cadres of the young cadre training class of the State Organs Work Committee of the CPC to carry out field research on Party building in Yangyuan County, not only enhancing the party spirit, but also offering advices for the economic and social development in Yangyuan County; raised 500,000 yuan to support the construction of kindergartens in Nancheng Village of Lincheng County, radiating three surrounding villages, addressing the kindergarten education problem of more than 100 school-age children; and organized the Photography Association of the Central State Organs to donate 50 old cameras to Xishu Middle School of Lincheng County, enriching the students’ extracurricular life. In addition, we promoted the docking with China Agricultural and Sideline Products Development Company, photographed the large-scale documentary of“Eye-opening-Special and Local Products of China”free of charge for Lincheng County and Yangyuan County to make propagandas of local agricultural and sideline products, and photographed the programme of Hebei Lvling Fruit Industry Co., Ltd. for Lincheng County, which was broadcast in CCTV 7 on September 26, 2016.
【Financial poverty alleviation】The State Organs Work Committee of the CPC contacted China Development Bank to support the fixed-point poverty alleviation by making good use of the development-oriented financial poverty alleviation policy. In 2016, we helped Yangyuan County to successfully apply for 7.5 million yuan of student aid funds for 1034 students as the first batch of pilot counties for credit student loans in Hebei Province; applied 173 million yuan of project loans for the relocation and rural infrastructure construction in Yangyuan County, of which 70.88 million yuan was issued; and helped Lincheng County to be listed among the pilot counties for cooperative preparation of planning. China Development Bank developed the planning and designed for Lincheng County and approved the issuance of 250 million yuan of loans for infrastructure construction in impoverished villages of the county, of which 20 million yuan was issued. Also, we strived for one million yuan of risk compensation funds respectively for Lincheng County and Yangyuan County, providing credit guarantee for industry development of the local registered poor. 
【Poverty alleviation by sending cadres】The State Organs Work Committee of the CPC sent two division-level cadres to continuously serve as the deputy secretary of the Party Committee of Lincheng County and Yangyuan County respectively, and made adjustment of the first secretaries of poor villages. The poverty alleviation cadres and village-stationed first secretaries, on the one hand, ate, lived and worked together with the poor, made propagandas of pro-poor policies, strived to make clear the causes of poverty and offered advices for the poor to shake off poverty and, on the other hand, giving full play to their role as a bridge, helped the poor contact and promote the implementation of industrial projects. We coordinated four enterprises to sign cooperation agreements with Lincheng County and invest in the construction of leisure agriculture and tourism development projects, including Beijing Haina Hongyu Trading Co. Ltd. and Sonoda (Beijing) Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., etc.; contacted BBMG to sign cooperation agreements with the relevant enterprises in Lincheng County in order to promote the transformation and upgrading of pillar industries; contacted China Women’s Development Foundation to donate 10,000 yuan of“two-cancer”prevention funds for women and infant milk powder worth 200,000 yuan to Lincheng County; and contacted the“Children’s Love Charity Fund”to donate 180 love packs worth more than 11,000 yuan for Nancheng Village Primary School of Lincheng County. 
【Poverty alleviation publicity】Relying on the media platforms such as the magazine of Tower of Violet Light, Websites and WeChat public press, the State Organs Work Committee of the CPC actively made propagandas of the practices and experience of relevant departments in the fixed-point poverty alleviation work. Organized the CYL members of central state organs to carry out the field research and practical activity of“rooting in the countryside·interview with village-stationed first secretaries sent by relevant commissions and ministries”, and actively made propagandas of the moving deeds of the village-stationed first secretaries. The magazine of Tower of Violet Light successively printed 13 relevant articles, and the website and WeChat public press of Tower of Violet Light published and forwarded more than 180 relevant articles; the“China Youth Daily”opened up the special column of“rooting in the countryside·interview with village-stationed first secretaries sent by relevant commissions and ministries”and published 17 relevant articles; the“Procuratorial Daily”,“China Reform Daily”,“China Science News”and other relevant media published 54 research reports in important pages; the“China Poverty Alleviation”,“Logistics of State Organs”and“China Grain Economy”printed 17 relevant articles; the network media such as gmw.cn, sina.com.cn, sohu.com, chinanews.com, yiaedu.com, China Science and Technology Network and National Capital Youth Network also made relevant reports. 
(Zhang Qingyuan, Department of General Affairs, State Organs Work Committee of the CPC)
Poverty Alleviation by Office of the Central Leading Group for Cyberspace Affairs
【Overview】In 2016, in order to implement the spirit of General secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping’s important instructions on the Internet poverty alleviation action and the central poverty alleviation and development conference, the Office of the Central Leading Group for Cyberspace Affairs carried out field research in Tibet, Jiangxi and Inner Mongolia, held the seminars of relevant experts to study how to give play to the driving role of the Internet in boosting poverty reduction jointly with the relevant departments . In October, approved by the Central Leading Group for Cyberspace Affairs, the Office of the Central Leading Group for Cyberspace Affairs, the National Development and Reform Commission and LGOP jointly issued the“Internet Poverty Alleviation Action Plan”to make clear six categories of 39 key tasks and comprehensively promote targeted poverty alleviation. 
The Internet poverty alleviation action launched five major projects, namely the network coverage, rural e-commerce, Internet intellectual support for poverty reduction, information service and Internet public services, and paid attention to the combination between poverty alleviation and intellectual support, aiming at stimulating the endogenous power of poor areas and poor people for self-development. In the field of network coverage, we implemented the pilot project of universal telecommunications service to expand the network coverage of poor areas. In 2016, we supported about 100 thousand administrative villages’ optical fiber access and upgrading, including 31 thousand poverty-stricken villages. Chongqing and some other regions issued subsidies for impoverished villages and poor households to get access to Internet service and buy smart phones, effectively addressing the“last-kilometer”problem in Internet access of poor villages. In the field of rural e-commerce, priorities were given to poor counties in the implementation of comprehensive demonstration policy for e-commerce development in rural areas. Among the 240 comprehensive demonstration counties newly identified in 2016, 158 were the key counties for national poverty alleviation and development. This program helped family members of 120,000 poor households find jobs. The online expo of special and characteristic products of poor counties (www.laifupin.com) was officially launched to create a permanent trading platform for the characteristic products of 832 poor counties. In the field of Internet intellectual support for poverty reduction, we promoted online education to give priority to impoverished regions, and launched a series of activities and projects, such as the VR Museum, the“Education Cloud”project and the Network Lovehut, creating a wave of e-commerce training nationwide, covering poor households, jobless women and people with disabilities. As for the information service project, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Office of the Central Leading Group for Cyberspace Affairs and LGOP approved the implementation of the pilot program of Internet poverty reduction in seven provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), namely Jiangxi Province, Sichuan Province, Guizhou Province, Tibet Autonomous Region, Shaanxi Province, Gansu Province and Chongqing City (Chengkou County and Fengjie County). The seven provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) took the lead to implement the five major projects and accelerated the establishment of the information service system for Internet poverty alleviation. Guizhou, Gansu and Hebei further established the digital files and big data platforms for poverty reduction and the targeted poverty alleviation relationship system on the basis of filing riser for the poor. As for online public service project, we organized 100 cyberspace enterprises to launch 100 Internet poverty reduction projects in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities). 15 units, including China Internet Development Foundation, China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation, Beijing Jingdong Century Trading Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as JD) and Alibaba Technology Co. Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as“Alibaba”), etc., jointly initiated the establishment of the Internet Public Welfare and Poverty Alleviation Alliance, and the number of the first batch of enterprises that joined the alliance exceeds 100. Also, we organized 18 cyberspace enterprises to sign the pairing-off poverty reduction agreements with 18 poor cities (districts and counties) of Jiangxi Province, including Ganzhou City, Ji’an City and Ningdu County, etc. 
【Inter-ministerial coordination working group meeting on Internet poverty alleviation action】 In July 2016, Office of the Central Leading Group for Cyberspace Affairs held the inter-ministerial coordination working group meeting on Internet poverty alleviation action to convey the spirit of central leaders’ important instructions and discuss the key tasks of the“Internet Poverty Alleviation Action Plan”(hereinafter referred to as the“Action Plan”) and the“Inter-ministerial coordination working group system of Internet poverty alleviation action”(hereinafter referred to as the“working group system”). The meeting was attended by a total of more than 40 people from 19 relevant departments, including the National Development and Reform Commission, LGOP, the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, the Ministry of Civil Affairs, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, Ministry of Transport, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Commerce, the National Health and Family Planning Commission, China National Tourism Administration, State Post Bureau, the Central Committee of CYL, the All-China Women’s Federation and the All-China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives. Zhuang Rongwen, Deputy Director General of Office of the Central Leading Group for Cyberspace Affairs, and Hong Tianyun, Deputy Director General of LGOP attended and addressed the event. The participants carried out in-depth discussion on the“Action Plan”and the“Working Group System”. 
【National Conference on Promoting Internet Poverty Alleviation】In November 2016, Office of the Central Leading Group for Cyberspace Affairs, the National Development and Reform Commission, LGOP and the Jiangxi Provincial government held the National Conference on Promoting Internet Poverty Alleviation in Ningdu County, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, which was attended by a total of 115500 people, mainly the principals of key cyberspace enterprises and heads of relevant departments such as the member units of the Inter-ministerial coordination working group of Internet poverty alleviation action, the offices of cyberspace affairs, development and reform commissions and poverty alleviation offices of relevant provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, and relevant departments of Jiangxi Province. The conference made deployments on the implementation of the“Internet Poverty Alleviation Action Plan”and summarized the experience of local governments and relevant departments to accelerate the Internet poverty reduction. Representatives of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Development Bank of China, Jiangxi Province, Chongqing City, JD and Alibaba exchanged experience in Internet poverty reduction, and made deployments for the next step. Zhuang Rongwen, Deputy Director General of Office of the Central Leading Group for Cyberspace Affairs, Hong Tianyun, Deputy Director General of LGOP, Xu Kunlin, Deputy Secretary General of the National Development and Reform Commission, Chief Engineer Zhang Feng of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and Hou Shunli, Party Group member of the All-China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives attended and addressed the event. 15 units, including China Internet Development Foundation, China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation, JD, Alibaba, etc., jointly initiated the establishment of the Internet Public Welfare and Poverty Alleviation Alliance; opened up the online expo of special and characteristic products of poor counties, launched the“double hundred”projects of Internet poverty reduction; JD, Alibaba, Tencent, Baidu and qunar.com signed the pairing-off poverty reduction agreements with 18 poor cities (districts, counties), such as Ganzhou City, Ji’an City and Ningdu County. 
【Overview of the fixed-point poverty alleviation】In 2016, Office of the Central Leading Group for Cyberspace Affairs was responsible for the fixed-point poverty alleviation in Foping County of Shaanxi Province, directly put in 5 million yuan of relief funds, helped Foping County introduce 210 million yuan of various kinds of funds for the improvement of transport infrastructure and rural cultural facilities; held three training courses of e-commerce, tourism and poverty alleviation for more than 7,000 person-times; carried out the“Internet education”work, established the college entrance examination incentive fund, invited Good Future Education Group to provide free support for Foping County in teachers training and remote education; launched poverty alleviation by e-commerce, constructed Foping County E-commerce Service Center, the“Characteristic China-Foping Taobao Shop”and the JD“Foping Specialty Shop”; introduced Hunan Jiuzhitang Co., Ltd. to construct the Jiuzhitang Foping County dogwood planting base; coordinated China Development Bank to issue loans of 800 million yuan for the poverty alleviation through the improvement of rural environment and tourism development; organized the activity of“network celebrities into Foping”, opened up the WeChat public press of“poverty alleviation at fingertips”to introduce Foping County; carried out informatization poverty alleviation, improved the video conference system and disaster prevention system, and implemented the project of universal telecom services. 
【Field research on poverty alleviation】In April 2016, former Director General of Office of the Central Leading Group for Cyberspace Affairs Lu Wei carried out field research in Foping County to make clear the key work and difficulties in poverty reduction in the county, and solicited the opinions of Shaanxi provincial government and Hanzhong city government on fixed-point poverty alleviation. In December, Director General of Office of the Central Leading Group for Cyberspace Affairs Xu Lin carried out field research in Foping County, visited the local poverty alleviation projects, held a forum to listen to reports on the relevant work, explored ways of poverty reduction jointly with Hanzhong city government and Foping county government, and put forward that in the near future, we must earnestly implement the central government’s spirit, especially the spirit of General secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping’s important speeches on poverty reduction in the fixed-point poverty alleviation, target at the poor and combine cooperation with opening up. Deputy Director General of Office of the Central Leading Group for Cyberspace Affairs Zhuang Rongwen presided over the work conference of fixed-point poverty alleviation for many times, solicited the opinions of member units on the fixed-point poverty alleviation work, listened to the reports of poverty reduction cadres sent by Office of the Central Leading Group for Cyberspace Affaires, carried out research and discussion on the annual work plan of fixed-point poverty alleviation to promote the implementation of fixed-point poverty alleviation. 
【Poverty alleviation trainings】In 2016, to help the masses and cadres of Foping county establish Internet thinking and deepen their understanding of the important role of the Internet in poverty alleviation, the Cadres Bureau and Training Center of Office of the Central Leading Group for Cyberspace Affairs held in Foping County the“Fuping Development Forum”respectively in August and October, and held trainings of e-commerce, tourism and poverty alleviation for more than 7,000 cadres at all levels, industrial leaders and backbone talents in Foping County. 
【Investment of poverty relief funds】In 2016, Office of the Central Leading Group for Cyberspace Affairs invested 500,000 yuan and organized network celebrities to go to Foping and make propagandas of Foping County in October; it’s affiliated unit China Internet Development Foundation invested one million yuan in the construction of rural stages and public toilets in Yinchanggou Village of Foping County, set up Foping College Entrance Examination Incentive Fund, and issued 500,000 yuan for the first time; coordinated Shaanxi Provincial Office of Cyberspace Affairs to invest 3 million yuan in the construction of the video conference system and disaster prevention system in Foping County; coordinated Shaanxi Provincial Department of Transport to increase investment of 30 million yuan in the construction of Changjiaba-Xichahe Highroad of No.108 National Way through the Ministry of Transport, coordinated the Good Future Education Group to invest 36 million yuan in the distance education in Foping County; and coordinated China Development Bank to issue agriculture-related loans of 800 million yuan, of which the first batch of 180 million yuan has been issued for the implementation of the project.
【Industrial poverty alleviation】In 2016, the cadres sent to poor areas by Office of the Central Leading Group for Cyberspace Affairs carried out field research on the development situation of dogwood industry in Foping County and prepared the“Report on Further Promoting the Development of Dogwood Industry in Foping County”. We coordinated the National Health and Family Planning Commission to hold a seminar on the dual-use of Fructus Corni jointly with the State Food and Drug Administration, the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and promote Shaanxi Province to formulate the local standards of Cornus officinalis; introduced Hunan Jiuzhitang Co., Ltd. to construct the Jiuzhitang Foping County dogwood planting base; coordinated Alibaba, JD and China Supply and Marketing E-commerce Co., Ltd. to sign strategic cooperation agreement on e-commerce with Foping County to promote the development of e-commerce in Foping County; and set up Foping E-commerce Association, Foping E-commerce Service Center, the“Characteristic China-Foping Taobao Shop”and the JD“Foping Specialty Shop”. 
(Zhao Sen, Yuan Longsheng, Office of the Central Leading Group for Cyberspace Affairs)
Poverty Alleviation by National Development and Reform Commission
【Overview of the fixed-point poverty alleviation】According to the unified deployment of CPC Central Committee and the State Council, in 2016, National Development and Reform Commission（hereinafter referred to as“NDRC”）attached great importance to fixed-point poverty alleviation in the anti-poverty work, focused on reducing poverty among the registered poor in Lingshou County of Hebei Province, Wangqing County of Jilin Province and Tiandong County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and taking off the hat of poverty of the poor counties, strived to promote the anti-poverty work. 
To address the“bottleneck”problems in development, we guided the three poor counties to prepare the county-level outline of the “13th Five-Year Plan” based on local situation, and provided policy guidance for the construction of agricultural infrastructure, the investment in social undertakings and the development of circular economy in the three counties. 
In the allocation of the investment within the central budget for agriculture, rural areas, infrastructure, social undertakings and ecological environment protection, we coordinated the relevant provincial development and reform commission to give priority to the counties covered by the fixed-point poverty alleviation; promoted relevant departments to incorporate major projects of the poor counties in the field of transport, water conservancy, energy, education and health into the provincial special program for the“13th Five-Year Plan”period; successively organized a few research groups composed of nearly 70 people to carry out field survey and guide local anti-poverty work in the poor villages of the three counties, accelerated the construction of relevant projects and addressed the difficulties facing poverty reduction; relying on the online approval and supervision platform of national major projects, we helped the three counties develop the three-year rolling plan of major projects, enhancing the endogenous force of the three counties for poverty reduction. 
【Poverty alleviation by sending cadres】We successively sent 11 outstanding young cadres with a strong sense of responsibility to work in the three poor counties. These cadres had a good understanding of the urgent needs of the local cadres and masses, played a positive role in the preparation of local policies and major planning and in the construction of major projects, and provided strong support for local poverty reduction. 
(Ren Xinxin, National Development and Reform Commission)
Poverty Alleviation by the Ministry of Education
【Overview】In 2016, the Ministry of Education earnestly implemented the decisions and deployments of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council as well as General secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping’s strategic thinking on poverty alleviation and development and, targeting at impoverished regions and poor population, implemented a series of policy measures on boosting the development of education to benefit and enrich the people. With the steady progress made in education-based poverty alleviation, education’s basic and leading role in poverty reduction becomes increasingly prominent, and the effect of education in helping poor people, needy families and poor areas is increasingly obvious. The Ministry of Education conscientiously shouldered the glorious mission of“developing education to get rid of poverty”.
【Action plan for preschool education】Mainly addressed the preschool education resource shortage of contiguous destitute areas, minority areas and the regions concentrated with left-behind children. In 2016, the central government allocated 14.9 billion yuan to support the development of preschool education, mainly to expand the resources and subsidize infants. 
【Fund guarantee for rural compulsory education】Arranged funding guarantee of 109.98 billion yuan for rural compulsory education, further raised the standard quota of public funds of rural primary and secondary schools, and developed a unified public fund per student for urban and rural compulsory education schools since the spring semester in 2016. 
【Improve the conditions of the schools with poor infrastructure】In 2016, the central government arranged special funds of 33.8 billion yuan to support the transformation of rural poor compulsory education schools. A total of 111,000 school buildings with a built-up area of 141 million square meters were set up, accounting for 67.7% of the total planned for five years. 24.45 million sets of desks and stools, 380 million books and 148 million sets of teaching equipment including computers were purchased, with a total value of more than 67.7 billion yuan, accounting for 65.9% of the total planned for five years. The implementation of the projects greatly improved the conditions of the compulsory education schools in the poor areas. In most regions, the students no longer need to take desks and stools to school, sleep on“wide beds for a number of people”or attend classes in Grade D of dangerous houses. 
【Nutrition improvement plan】In 2016, the Ministry of education adjusted the local award and subsidy policy of pilot project of rural compulsory education students’ nutrition improvement, raised the central financial subsidy standard from 1.5 yuan per capita per day to 2 yuan per capita per day for the provinces where the food subsidy standard of students of pilot projects was raised to at least 4 yuan per capita per day. In 2016, the central government arranged a total of 18.9 billion yuan of food subsidy funds and 7.1 billion yuan of living subsidies for boarding students from needy families. The nutrition improvement project was launched in a total of 1590 counties of 29 provinces nationwide (Beijing, Tianjin and Shandong independently launched the student food supply project). Among them, 699 counties launched the national pilot project and 891 counties launched the local pilot project, covering 134,000 schools, benefiting more than 36 million students. More than 1/2 of the counties nationwide implemented the nutrition improvement project, more than 1/2 of the compulsory education schools provides nutritious meals, and nearly 1/4 of the compulsory education students enjoyed nutritional meal allowance.
【High school students from registered needy families were exempted from tuition】In August 2016, the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Finance jointly issued the“Opinions of the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Finance on Exempting Tuition of High School Students from Registered Needy Families”. From the fall semester of 2016 onward, high school students from registered needy families (including disabled students from registered needy families, students from rural families receiving living allowances, and students enjoying rural special support for the destitute people) are exempted from tuition. In 2016, the central government arranged 440 million yuan of subsidy funds to support local governments to exempt tuition of high school students from registered needy families.
【High school renovation program】Mainly supported the construction of high school buildings in the counties of contiguous destitute areas, the counties for national poverty alleviation and development and other poor counties, as well as the purchase of books and teaching apparatuses and the construction of ancillary facilities such as playground in the high schools. In 2016, 3.97 billion yuan of central financial funds was allocated to improve the conditions of high schools. 
【High school building in the counties with a weak education foundation】Mainly supported the construction and renovation of high schools in the counties with a relatively low gross enrollment rate, including the counties in contiguous destitute areas, the counties for national poverty alleviation and development, the counties in the central and western old revolutionary base areas, border counties and the eastern counties that enjoy the policies for the central and western regions. In 2016, 3.2 billion yuan of central financial funds was allocated to expand the resources of high school education. 
【Policies for secondary vocational students to be exempted from tuition fee and receive living allowances】All rural students of secondary vocational schools, the students majoring at agricultural-related professionals and students from needy families were exempted from tuition fee and received state grants of 2,000 yuan per capita per year. In 2016, the coverage of free tuition policy was extended to include all the rural (including county and town) students, urban students majoring in agriculture-related subjects and the students from needy families (excluding those majoring in art-related performing) among the full-time students of first, second and third grades. The coverage of state grants was adjusted to the students majoring in agriculture-related subjects and students majoring in other subjects from needy families among the students of Grade I and GradeⅡ.In order to alleviate the economic burden on the families of the secondary vocational school students in impoverished regions, according to the“Outline for Development-oriented Poverty Reduction for China’s Rural Areas (2011-2020)”, we incorporated all the rural students (not including those from counties) of secondary vocational schools in 11 contiguous destitute areas such as Liupan Mountain Area, Tibet, the Tibetan areas of four provinces and the three prefectures in South Xinjiang. According to statistics, the free-tuition policy for secondary vocational school students covered 90% of the total full-time students of GradeⅠ, GradeⅡand GradeⅢ, and the state grants program for secondary vocational school students covered 40% of the total full-time students of Grade I and GradeⅡ. In 2016, the central government allocated 3.2 billion yuan of state grants subsidies and 10.68 billion yuan of tuition-free subsidies respectively for secondary vocational schools.
【Special program of targeted enrollment in rural poor areas】Since 2012, in cooperation with the relevant departments, the Ministry of Education organized the implementation of the special program of key universities’ targeted enrollment of students in rural and poor areas. In 2016, the special program covered 91,000 students, and the program implementation areas included the remote, poor and minority areas in the contiguous destitute counties. A total of 274,000 students were enrolled over the past five years. 
【Interministerial meeting on poverty reduction in West Yunnan】In January 2016, in order to earnestly implement the central government’s new spirit and new requirements for poverty alleviation and development, summarize the regional development and poverty reduction work in border areas of West Yunnan in 2015, make deployments on contacting West Yunnan for poverty reduction in 2016 and the“13th Five-Year Plan”period, and implement the“Regional Development and Poverty Alleviation Planning of Border Mountain Areas in West Yunnan (2011-2020)”, the Ministry of Education held the 2016 interministerial meeting on poverty reduction in West Yunnan, solicited Yunnan Province’s opinions and advices for the liaison work and made clear its requirements for policy and project support of relevant central departments and commissions. The participating ministries and commission exchanged support policies and programs for the contiguous destitute border areas in West Yunnan and studied the major problems facing the development of contiguous destitute areas to promote the regional development and poverty reduction in the contiguous destitute border areas of West Yunnan. 
【Fixed-point poverty alleviation by universities directly under the Ministry of Education】44 universities, mainly science and engineering universities directly under the Ministry of Education with strong research strength were designated the fixed-point poverty alleviation task in 44 national key counties for poverty alleviation and development, providing strong support for the twinned poor counties in the field of personnel training, industry development, urban-rural planning and medical services. In April 2016, the Ministry of Education carried out the centralized research on the fixed-point poverty alleviation its affiliated universities in Longhui County of Hunan Province, organized 44 universities directly under the Ministry of Education to carry out field research on Baishuidong Village, Fuzhai Guangcai Primary School and the County Secondary Vocational School of Longhui County-the characteristic poverty alleviation points of Hunan University, and held the meeting to summarize the anti-poverty work experience of the universities and make deployments on the fixed-point poverty alleviation work of the universities directly under the Ministry of Education during the“13th Five-Year Plan”period. In September 2016, the Ministry of Education organized the activity of selecting ten typical targeted poverty alleviation projects of the universities directly under the Ministry of Education from 41 projects declared by 36 universities directly under the Ministry of Education. The typical projects of ten universities, namely Hunan University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China Medicine University, Tsinghua University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Huazhong Agricultural University, Peking University, Beijing Jiaotong University, Zhejiang University and Fudan University finally were selected, including four industrial poverty alleviation projects, two intellectual poverty alleviation projects, one education-based poverty alleviation project, one health poverty alleviation projects and two projects of typical poverty alleviation models.
【Action Plan for East-west Cooperation in Vocational Education (2016-2020)】In October 2016, the Ministry of Education and LGOP jointly issued the“Action Plan for East-west Cooperation in Vocational Education (2016-2020)”. Taking the East-west cooperation in education as a bridge, focusing on vocational education and training, with the purpose of reducing poverty through employment, the action plan is designed to promote industry development through vocational education and boost poverty reduction through industry development. Targeting at the registered poor, it strives to achieve the effective convergence between the poverty reduction through employment in the western regions and the supplementation to labor resources in the east areas, and achieve the goal of“lifting one batch of poor people out of poverty through the development of education”.
【“13th Five-Year Plan”for education-based poverty alleviation】In December 2016, the Ministry of Education, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and LGOP jointly issued the“13th Five-Year Plan for Education-based Poverty Alleviation”. The Plan is divided into four parts, namely the overall requirements, the main objectives, tasks and initiatives, and organization and implementation. It puts forward“one goal, two key points, five education groups and five key tasks”, aiming to achieve the goal of“school education for all school-aged children, everyone with skills, all families with hope and all counties covered by poverty alleviation”in poor areas, to achieve the goal of comprehensive improvement of the overall development level of education in poor areas and the full coverage of all registered poor people (including the rural disabled, rural families receiving living allowances and rural poor for special support, the same below) of basic public education services by 2020, and ensure that all students will not drop out of school due to poverty. This is the first national five-year plan for poverty reduction in education and the programme of action for poverty alleviation in education during the“13th Five-Year Plan”period as well.  
【Overview of the fixed-point poverty alleviation】In 2016, the Ministry of Education was designated to provide counterpart support for Qinglong County and Wei County (hereinafter referred to as the“two counties”) in poverty reduction. Focusing on education-based poverty alleviation, the Ministry of Education seriously implemented the aid responsibility and increased support for the two counties. Strengthened organizational leadership and overall planning, did a good job of cadre selection and personnel training, established the regular research and work consultation mechanism, carried out targeted education-based poverty alleviation, strived for support of the relevant departments, and increased policy and project support.
In 2016, a total of 9791 registered poor households and 25045 registered poor people in Qinglong County shook off poverty, and six registered impoverished villages took off the hat of poverty; a total of 5861 registered poor households and 13060 registered poor people in Wei County got rid of poverty, and 115 registered impoverished villages took off the hat of poverty, laying a foundation for the poor county to take off the hat of poverty. The remaining 66 poor villages accounted for 12.6% of the total administrative villages in the county.
【Investment of poverty relief funds】In 2016, the Ministry of Education coordinated the allocation of 136 million yuan of central funds and coordinated the introduction of 490 million yuan of loans. China Education Development Foundation raised a total of 16.2 million yuan (8.1 million yuan for each) for the two counties, mainly supporting 100 destitute teachers and 39 schools with poor conditions in the two counties. 
In 2016, the Ministry of Education increased project fund support to improve the conditions of basic education schools in the two counties. The Ministry of Education coordinated the Ministry of Finance to increase financial support for the Hebei Province, arrange 13.45 million yuan and 21.99 million yuan respectively for Qinglong County and Wei County to improve the conditions of the compulsory education schools in poor areas, and arrange 31.4 million yuan and 37.07 million yuan of urban and rural compulsory education guarantee funds respectively for Qinglong County and Wei County, including 6.16 million yuan and 7.52 million yuan of long-term school building renovation funds respectively for Qinglong County and Wei County.
【Field research on poverty alleviation】In 2016, Vice Minister of Education Zhu Zhiwen headed a research group to carry out investigation into the anti-poverty work in Qinglong County, delivered condolence to the affected people and the cadres sent there, visited the First Experimental Primary School of the county, the County Vocational Education Center and Longtan Village, held the work conference on the fix-pointed poverty alleviation in Qinglong County to study the implementation plan (2016-2017) of the Ministry of Education for the fix-pointed poverty alleviation in Qinglong County, discuss prominent problems that need to be solved urgently and subsidy projects, and make deployments on the fix-pointed poverty alleviation work. 
In 2016, the Ministry of Education carried out field research and implemented the special recruitment program in the rural and poor areas of the two counties. In April 2016, on the basis of the investigation, we assisted Hebei Examination Institute and Xingtai City Bureau of Education to organize more than 50 universities directly under the Ministry of Education to carry out recruitment consulting activity in Wei County. A total of 3200 people attended the event, including the teachers, students and students’ parents of 23 poor counties in Xingtai, Hengshui and Handan City. 
【Construction of poverty alleviation system】In 2016, the Ministry of Education formulated the work plan on fixed-point poverty alleviation in Qinglong County and Wei County, and put forward 15 tasks in four aspects, including the establishment of a public service platform of poor students’ education funding information and the full coverage of students from needy families of the education funding program, etc. 
【Poverty alleviation trainings】In 2016, we promoted the“national training plan”supported by the central government’s transfer payment. The Zhongxi Project and the National Training of Kindergarten Teachers provided direct support for the two counties, and training courses were held for a total of 538 teachers of kindergartens and primary and secondary schools as well as nine headmasters in Qinglong County, and 1500 teachers of kindergartens and primary and secondary schools as well as eight headmasters in Wei County. 
【Poverty alleviation by sending cadres】In 2016, the Ministry of Education sent two division-level cadres of its affiliated organs to serve as subprefects of Qinglong County and Wei County, sent two young cadres to serve as the first secretary of Longtan Village in Qinglong Town and the first secretary of Weijiazhai Village in Zaoyuan Town of Wei County, and sent three cadres to work in the relevant organs directly under the county and the relevant towns of the two counties for two years, aiming to support the construction of grassroots organizations and guide the anti-poverty work in the two counties. 
【Poverty alleviation consolation】In 2016, the Ministry of Education set up a condolence group to carry out the Warmth-delivery Activity in Spring Festival in Qinglong County and Wei County, visited 46 poor teachers and 30 poor households, and issued solatium of 200,000 yuan to the poor. 
(Huo Guangyao, Department of Planning and Development, Ministry of Education)
Poverty Alleviation by the Ministry of Science and Technology
【Overview】Giving full play to its industry advantages, with the purpose of enhancing the endogenous power of poverty-stricken areas for development, taking the in-depth reform of science and technology as the driving force and taking the policy, funding and personnel support as the starting point, the Ministry of Science and Technology made overall deployments on the industrial poverty alleviation, the poverty reduction work in contiguous destitute areas and the fixed-point poverty alleviation, increased efforts on organization and mobilization work, increased project funds, strengthened the ties of the science and technology management departments at the ministry, province, city and county level, and steadily pushed forward poverty alleviation by science and technology as well as targeted poverty reduction to provide strong technical support for winning the tough battle against poverty.
【Industrial poverty alleviation】Issued the“Opinions of the Ministry of Science and Technology on Poverty Alleviation by Science and Technology and Targeted Poverty Reduction”; issued the“Action Plan for Poverty Alleviation by Science and Technology”jointly with science and technology departments and LGOP; incorporated  poverty alleviation by science and technology into the“Poverty Alleviation Planning for the ‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Period”; implemented the“Several Opinions on Further Implementing the System of Special Commissioners in Science and Technology”, mobilized and supported science and technology correspondents to carry out entrepreneurship-based poverty reduction in impoverished regions, and strengthened the construction of scientific and technical personnel in poor areas. In July 2016, the work conference on the implementation of the special scientific and technical personnel development planning of the talent support program for“three regions”was held in Zhejiang. Principals of the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee and relevant departments of LGOP attended the event. Established the special scientific and technical personnel planning management information service platform of the talent support program for“three regions”to further improve the management and services of special planning; opened up a special column of“poverty alleviation by the scientific and technical personnel in the ‘three regions’”in Science and Technology Daily to strengthen the publicity of typical cases in the“three regions”. Through the talent program of the“three regions”and the special program for central government to guide the development of local science and technology, the Ministry of Science and Technology invested central financial funds of 515 million yuan for poverty alleviation by science and technology, launched 105 projects of poverty reduction by science and technology, held trainings for 20300 people in poor areas, and constructed 72 star creating centers in impoverished regions. In 2016, the National Agricultural Science and Technology Park held trainings for more than 850 thousand farmers, and the talent support program for the“three regions”increased the income of more than one million farmers. 
【Poverty alleviation in destitute areas】In 2015, Qinba Mountain Area ranked second in the 14 contiguous destitute areas in terms of the reduction in poverty-stricken population. In order to implement the spirit of the fourth work conference on contacting the contiguous destitute areas, we held the 2016 work meeting of Qinba Mountain Area, improved the work mechanism for contacting the contiguous destitute areas, strived to make clear the situation in the contiguous destitute areas, pushed forward the liaison work in the inter-provincial major infrastructure projects in Qinba Mountain Area and the provincial planning projects for the“13th Five-Year Plan”period requiring government support, and intensified the publicity of the poverty alleviation and development work in Qinba Mountain Area. In December 2016, the Ministry of Science and Technology, The National Railway Administration and China Railway Corporation jointly held in Beijing the inter-ministerial coordination meeting on the regional development and poverty reduction in Qinba Mountain Area to summarize the relevant work and make clear Qinba Mountain Area’s demands for projects as well as the support situation. The second“training course of backbones for rural entrepreneurship of scientific and technological correspondents”was held for 152 people. Themed on“enhancing the comprehensive quality and entrepreneurial ability of the agricultural and rural entrepreneurs”, the training was divided into seven phases and last for more than 150 days, mainly including theory teaching, practical case analysis, on-site observation, discussion and communication, WeChat teaching, private board exchange, entrepreneurial project roadshow, etc.. A total of 34 lecturers and 51 entrepreneurship and innovation tutors were invited to attend the event, and the training course included a total of 45 lectures, seven on-site teaching and 13 experience –exchange meetings of the old and new participants and of the board members. 
【Overview of the fixed-point poverty alleviation】In accordance with the spirit of the“Notice on Further Promoting Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation Work’, the Ministry of Science and Technology carried out the fixed—point poverty alleviation work in Jinggangshan City and Yongxin County of Jiangxi Province, as well as Jia County and Zhashui County of Shaanxi Province. In 2016, the poverty reduction by science and technology increased the income of 9280 registered poor people in four counties. The Ministry of Science and Technology implemented the strategy of“one measure for one county”, improved the county system for scientific and technological innovation, supported each county with 10 million yuan of special funds issued by the central government for local technological development, and organized the implementation of 16 projects of poverty alleviation by science and technology, which was directly related to the registered poor. 
【Field research on poverty alleviation】In November, Wang Zhigang, the Leading Party Group Secretary and Vice Minister carried out field research on the poverty alleviation by science and technology in Jia County. The Leading Party Group member and Vice Minister Xu Nanping carried out field research on the poverty alleviation by science and technology in the four counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation. In 2016, a total of 72 people from the organs of the Ministry of Science and Technology carried out field survey in the counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation. 
【Poverty alleviation by sending cadres】In 2016, the 29th work group of poverty alleviation by science and technology was sent to the poor counties jointly with the ministry, province, city and county-level departments of science and technology, and all the four executive groups were composed of one cadre and several scientific and technological correspondents selected by the ministry, province, city and county-level departments of science and technology. Two division heads were selected and sent to Jiangxi and Shaanxi respectively to serve as the poverty alleviation team heads. Two deputy director-level cadres and two division heads were designated to serve as the heads of the executive groups in the counties for the fixed-point poverty alleviation, and one cadre was dispatched to serve as the first secretary of an impoverished village in Yongxin County. 
【Construction of poverty alleviation mechanism and system】Held the Party group meeting, the ministry conference and the minister’s office meeting to study, guide and push forward the fixed-point poverty alleviation work. Set up the leading group for poverty alleviation by science and technology composed of the principals of relevant departments, bureaus and centers, with the ministry’s Party group secretary as the head and the relevant ministry leaders as the deputy heads. The leading group is responsible for the planning guidance, overall coordination, work promotion, supervision and inspection of the poverty alleviation by science and technology. 
Introduced innovative resources to improve the ability of hematopoiesis. Made clear 74 demands of the poor counties for technological support, gave full play to the advantages of colleges and research institutes in talents, technology, achievements and platforms, and carried out the production-university-research docking in the twinned poor counties; guided the poor counties to implement the local technology development projects under the guidance of the central government, optimize the project selection mechanism and combine project implementation with the poverty reduction of the registered poor to ensure that special funds for poverty alleviation by science and technology in each county are issued in full; urged Jiangsu Province to establish the mechanism of long-term counterpart support for Jinggangshan City and Yongxin County, focusing on supporting the development of Bajiaolou Park, tea industry, vegetable industry, silk industry and plastic optical fiber industry, carry out field research and make negotiations on docking; urged Shouguang City of Shandong Province to sign a strategic cooperation agreement with Jinggangshan City, promoted Suzhou High-tech Zone of Jiangsu Province and the Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University to provide support for Jia County, promoted Zhashui County to sign a cooperation agreement with the third-grade class-A hospitals in Beijing for technical aid in order to grow into a network member unit of the National.Clinical Research.Center. 
【Poverty alleviation through entrepreneurship】In 2016, we selected more than 20 university science and technology commissioners to form four scientific and technological correspondent groups in the field of fruit, tea, vegetable and modern agriculture, dispatched them to Jinggangshan to help solve technical problems in production. Guided Jinggangshan to apply for the establishment of two national high-tech enterprises, promoted the construction of national“star creation centers”in the tea factories, e-business and supermarkets of Jinggangshan; organized the training of leaders in poverty alleviation for more than 50 people in Yongxin County; dispatched 40 scientific and technological correspondents to serve 316 villages of 13 towns, guided the construction of the Dongfanghong Minor Crops Star World in Jia County, and supported the construction of more than 150 demonstration bases of scientific and technological correspondents in Jia County, such as the Yangzi Demonstration Zone and Xiaozaliang Demonstration Zone. 
【Social poverty alleviation】The Party (Work) Committee of the Organs under the Ministry of Science and Technology organized the purchase of special and characteristic products of the twinned poor counties. The service center set up the sales counter of characteristic products of the poor counties in the dining halls of the relevant organs. Through the“Japanese Cherry Blossom Plan”, we organized 15 teachers and students of Jinggangshan City, Yongxin County and Gan County to Japan for exchange. Science and Technology Daily donated more than 1200 copies of science and technology newspapers and periodicals to the grassroots Party branches in the poor counties. 
(Guo Jichun, Department of Rural Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology)
Poverty Alleviation by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology 
【Overview】2016 is the first year for the poverty reduction in the“13th Five-Year Plan”period. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (hereinafter referred to as MIIT) comprehensively implemented General secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping’s strategic thinking on poverty alleviation and development, adhered to the basic guideline of targeted poverty reduction, issued the“Implementation Plan for Speeding up the Broadband Network’s Extension to Poor Village”jointly with the National Development and Reform Commission, issued the“Guiding Opinions on Promoting Targeted Poverty Alleviation by E-commerce”jointly with LGOP to promote the implementation of targeted poverty alleviation by e-commerce; issued the“Work Plan for Beijing and Tianjin to Provide Counterpart Support for Zhangjiakou and Chengde of Hebei Province”jointly with the National Development and Reform Commission to guide the convergence of characteristic industries of Zhangjiakou and Chengde into the synergetic development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei; further promoted the anti-poverty work in eight counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation, actively contacted relevant departments to promote the regional development and poverty reduction in Yanshan-Taihang Mountain Area, implemented the pilot project of universal telecommunications service, accelerated broadband coverage of poor villages, and actively boosted the development of characteristic industries to promote targeted poverty reduction and help the poor areas and poor people shake off poverty and strive for a better life. In 2016, MIIT achieved remarkable results in poverty alleviation work. Nanbu County of Sichuan Province, which received counterpart support for 23 years, took off the hat of poverty as the first batch of poor counties to shake off poverty during the“13th Five-Year Plan”period as planned.
【Field research on poverty alleviation】In 2016, Minister Miao Wei and Vice Minister Xin Guobin respectively carried out field research in the poor areas, visited the poor households and poverty-stricken people, and held the Party group meeting, the minister’s office meeting and the inter-ministerial meeting on the anti-poverty work to study relevant problems and make deployments on the work. Miao Wei, Xin Guobin and the Party group member and office director Mo Wei successively carried out field research in the twinned poor counties, the counties in the contiguous destitute areas and the old revolutionary base areas for six times, made propagandas of the anti-poverty work and carried out supervision and inspection work. Based on their respective operation, the relevant divisions and bureaus of the organs under MIIT as well as the public institutions and universities directly under the relevant ministries carried out field research in various forms in the poor areas, promoted the counterpart support, education support and pairing-off poverty reduction work, and offered advices for the regional development and poverty alleviation in poor areas.
【Poverty alleviation conferences】In October 2016, Minister of Industry and Information Technology Miao Wei presided over the Party group conference to study and convey the spirit of General secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping’s important speech at the Yinchuan Conference, listened to the reports on anti-poverty work, and made deployments on boosting the poverty reduction work of MIIT. In March, MIIT held a meeting on the mobilization and publicity of pilot project of universal telecom services, aiming to make deployments for the next step. In July, MIIT held in Zhangjiakou City of Hebei Province the inter-ministerial joint meeting on poverty reduction in Yanshan-Taihang Mountain Area to coordinate the key projects and major events required for the docking with Hebei, Shanxi and Inner Mongolia, where the contiguous destitute area is, to promote the docking of relevant planning for the“13th Five-Year Plan”period, and to make overall deployments on the relevant work. In August, MIIT held the national radio management work symposium and radio management support for Xinjiang in Urumqi of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The meeting made deployments on the aid work in Xinjiang in the field of radio management during the“13th Five-Year Plan”period. On September 29, 2016, MIIT held in Urumqi of Xinjiang the 2016 seminar on the collaborative promotion mechanism of industry and informatization in ethnic areas, and made deployments for industrial communication technology to boost the development of minority areas. On October 20, 2016, MIIT held in Hunan the work conference on boosting poverty reduction by make up the shortboards and improving the efficiency of building materials industry. The meeting carried out a study and made deployments on targeted industry poverty alleviation through the development of characteristic building material industries by giving full play to their functions as people’s livelihood industries based on the natural resources in 14 contiguous destitute areas nationwide. 
【Industrial poverty alleviation】Guided the structural optimization as well as transformation and upgrading of the industries in poor areas. In 2016, through the existing channels, MIIT gave priorities to the eligible projects in poor areas in the allocation of aid funds, and supported seven projects in Yanshan-Taihang Mountain Area with a total investment of 7.367 billion yuan, including special funds of 803 million yuan. Through industrial transformation and upgrading as well as the Chinese herbal medicine support capacity building, MIIT supported the integration of wild tending and processing of 100,000 mu forsythia and the construction of the demonstration project of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei farmers-benefiting Chinese herbal medicine base with subsidy funds of 13 million yuan. Through the action plan for reducing pollutants with high risk, MIIT rewarded 7.5 million yuan for the cleaner production technology project of Hebei Chilwee Power Co., Ltd.
Provided support and guidance for the construction of industrial parks and the green development of industry and SMEs by giving full play to the industrial advantages. Based on the new industrial demonstration base of industrialization, in 2016, two industrial bases in Hebei, two in Shanxi and one in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were titled as the seventh batch of national new industrial demonstration bases of industrialization to guide the concentrated development of industries. The industrial base in Chengde City of Hebei Province was titled as the first batch of demonstration base for the comprehensive utilization of industrial resources to promote the sustainable green development of industry. Helped Geely new energy commercial vehicle project in Jialing District of Nanchong City complete the work of announcement change and product admittance to guide the construction of new energy automobile industrial parks. Guided Senda Emulsion of Ruyang County to make pragmatic cooperation with the civilian blasting enterprises in Guangxi and Yunnan; guided the development of new energy automobile industry in Luoning County; made preparations for and held the“first conference of China (Datong) on the development of wreath goldenrod industry”to promote the construction of SMEs Demonstration Park in Datong County of Shanxi Province. Beihang University, which is affiliated to MIIT, organized its research group to study and develop production technique for the walnut sorting and hard shell smashing in Zhongyang County. Beijing Institute of Technology, which is affiliated to Ministry of Education, helped Fangshan County introduce the beef cattle breeding project of Hengdu Agriculture Co., Ltd., a business of the alumni of Beijing Institute of Technology. Since 2016, MIIT has made a positive contribution to boosting the economic and social development in poor areas, solving the local employment problems and helping the local people get rid of poverty.
MIIT used 15 million yuan of poverty relief funds to support the improvement of people’s livelihood and the cultivation of characteristic industries in the twinned poor counties as well as the poverty alleviation through PV power generation in the counties of contiguous destitute areas, covering 29 projects, encouraging the investment of 34.98 million yuan. It is expected that these projects will help increase the income of 1767 poor households and 5179 poor people of 62 registered impoverished villages in 11 poor counties, and will help improve the rural infrastructure and the level of basic public services. In addition, Beijing Institute of Technology and the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security jointly helped Tianzhen County of Shanxi Province to create the brand of“Tianzhen Nanny”and shake off poverty through labor transfer. 3800“Tianzhen Nannies”provided domestic services in Beijing and Tianjin with income of 35 thousand yuan per capita per year. 
【Information poverty alleviation】MIIT attached great importance to boosting the development of broadband construction in poor areas, adhered to the network first, organized the implementation of pilot project of universal telecom service jointly with the Ministry of Finance, guided basic telecom enterprises to increase investment and carried out the activity of creating demonstration cities of“Broadband China”to promote the expansion of the broadband coverage and the enhancement of broadband access capacity. In 2016, MIIT and the Ministry of Finance organized the implementation of two batches of pilot projects of universal telecom services, supported the implementation of the pilot work in a total of 184 cities, including the key areas such as contiguous destitute areas and old revolutionary base areas, made deployments for the optical fiber cable construction and upgrading in 100,000 administrative villages, including 31,000 registered poor administrative villages. The central government and enterprises invested more than 30 billion yuan for the program, and the broadband construction task assigned for the year of 2016 exceeded the total during the“12th Five-Year Plan”period. Continued to promote the construction of demonstration cities of“Broadband China”and strived to boost the development of broadband construction in poor areas through demonstration. In 2016, we supported 11 cities in the contiguous destitute areas such as Luoxiao Mountain Area, Dabie Mountain Area, Wuling Mountain Area, Wumeng Mountain Area, Qinba Mountain Area, Liupan Mountain Area and Tibet as the demonstration cities. As of the end of 2016, the proportion of rural network fiber access in China reached 82.2%, the broadband covered more than 80% of the poor villages, and more than 61 million rural households got access to broadband. 
In 2016, MIIT supported Nanbu County of Sichuan Province to grow into a model county for the development of e-commerce in the whole province. In May, Beihang University, which is affiliated to MIIT, helped Zhongyang County of Shanxi Province build the public welfare e-business platform of“Charming Lvliang, Green Zhongyang”for poverty reduction, the first public welfare e-business platform in the national key counties for poverty reduction with the theme of poverty alleviation and development in China, and signed the“Cooperation Agreement on the Construction of E-commerce Industrial Park and Innovation Park”with Zhongyang County. In July, MIIT supported Wanquan District of Zhangjiakou City to hold the e-business training. A total of 200 people attended the event, including representatives of local leading enterprises, taobao Tmall merchants and the e-commerce liaison officers of relevant administrative villages. 
【Poverty alleviation in destitute areas】In 2016, to promote the implementation of the“Regional Development and Poverty Alleviation Planning of Yanshan-Taihang Mountain Area (2011-2020)”, MIIT successively coordinated the relevant ministries, commissions and provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) to actively promote the convergence between the construction of 180 inter-district major projects and 347 provincial projects covered by the planning for the“13th Five-Year Plan”period, and coordinated to solve problems in the aid work for Yanshan-Taihang Mountain Area in Hebei, Shanxi and Inner Mongolia. 
MIIT used the poverty relief funds for contiguous destitute areas to support the implementation of poverty alleviation by PV power generation in Wangdu County, Chengde County, Shangyi County and Zhangbei County of Hebei Province, Tianzhen County and Hunyuan County of Shanxi Province as well as the Xinghe County of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, encouraging the investment of 20.721 million yuan, lifting 671 poor households and more than 1600 poor people of 21 local registered impoverished villages out of poverty. 
Under the framework of the internal“one-for-one liaison mechanism established by MIIT, in 2016, the relevant departments, bureaus, public institutions and universities affiliated to MIIT carried out exchange with 33 poor counties in Yanshan-Taihang Mountain Area in a variety of forms, and appointed 800 people to carry out field research and liaison work. Coordinated UPM to set up the“UPM library”in Wutai County of Shanxi Province; subsidized students from needy families of Yangyuan County, Hebei Province, 3500 yuan per capita per year; coordinated the investment of 125,000 yuan in the installation of 33 solar street lights in Lianzhaichang Village of Yongquanzhuang Town in Wei County of Hebei Province, addressing the night lighting problem of 192 rural villages; donated 1,000 books to Wenjiazhuang Primary School in Qicun Town, Quyang County, Hebei Province; and donated money for the procurement of cultural, sports and living goods and the establishment of a love education fund for the primary school affiliated to Fanshi County Fertilizer Factory in Shanxi Province. China information and Communication Research Institute donated 40 thousand yuan of e-commerce support funds to two e-business companies in Lingqiu County of Shanxi Province. China Industry and Information Technology Publishing Group organized 40 outstanding primary and secondary school teachers of Guyuan County to receive the teaching management training in Beidaihe during the summer vacation. China Mechanical and Electrical Equipment Tendering Center donated 46 tablet computers with a total value of 70 thousand yuan for Anning Street Primary School in Shangyi County, Hebei Province.
【Overview of the fixed-point poverty alleviation】In 2016, to promote the targeted poverty alleviation, MIIT integrated its own resources and social resources, actively gave play to the leading role of poverty alleviation cadres, and continued to increase efforts on the fixed-point poverty alleviation in eight national key counties for poverty alleviation and development, namely Ruyang County and Luoning County of Henan Province, Jialing District of Nanchong City as well as Nanbu County of Sichuan Province, Fangshan County and Zhongyang County of Shanxi Province, as well as Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County (hereinafter referred to as Jinxiu County) and Rongshui Miao Autonomous County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. 
【Targeted poverty alleviation projects】In 2016, MIIT used the special funds for fixed-point poverty alleviation to meet the most urgent demand of the poor for livelihood improvement in the twinned poor counties. Supported a total of 20 poverty relief projects in Jialing District of Nanchong City, Nanbu County of Sichuan Province, as well as Luoning County and Ruyang County of Henan Province with relief funds of 8 million yuan, encouraging the investment of 14.26 million yuan of other funds, of which 14 were industrial cultivation projects, which are expected to help increase the income of 1096 registered poor households and 3579 registered poor people of 25 registered impoverished villages, and six were livelihood projects and education improvement projects, which are expected to help 16 registered impoverished village achieve the goal of“two no-worry and three guarantees”. Meanwhile, in 2016, Beijing Institute of Technology, which is directly affiliated to Ministry of Education, invested 700,000 yuan directly in Qiaogou Village of Fangshan County, Shanxi Province, and integrated 6 million yuan of agriculture-related funds for the implementation of 12 aid projects, which are expected to increase the local farmers’ income by 500,000 yuan and increase the village’s collective income by 150 thousand yuan per year. 
【Poverty alleviation by sending cadres】In 2016, MIIT sent eight cadres to serve as the Deputy Magistrate or Deputy District Chief of the eight counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation, and sent five cadres to serve as the first secretaries of local registered impoverished villages. The poverty alleviation cadres actively supported the anti-poverty work in the twinned poor counties. The poverty alleviation cadres in Jialing District of Nanchong City coordinated Longchiyuan Village Citrus Cooperatives of Datong Town to establish a mutually beneficial coupling mechanism of industrial development with Baicaizui Village Committee; the poverty alleviation cadres in Luoning County helped the local county government to apply for 620 million yuan of aid funds; the poverty alleviation cadres in Ruyang County coordinated MIIT to provide industrial policy support to create conditions for the molybdenum metal processing for which the local government invested 1.3 billion yuan; the poverty alleviation cadres in Fangshan County organized the central poverty alleviation cadres in Shanxi Province to carry out the online sales of characteristic agricultural products of Lvliang and Taihang Mountain Area; the poverty alleviation cadres in Jinxiu County helped the local government to formulate the“Development Plan of Jinxiu County for the Development in the ‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Period”and the“Planning of Jinxiu County for Poverty Reduction in the ‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Period and the 2016 Implementation Plan”. 
【Intellectual support】The universities affiliated to MIIT carried out intellectual support activities in the twinned poor counties using their advantages in educational resources. Beijing Institute of Technology set up the summer school in Fangshan County and organized 126 teachers and students of nine colleges to hold trainings of rural students for 700 person-times in Qiaogou Village in 2016; set up the targeted poverty alleviation student grant of“Polytechnic Dream”and invested 11 million yuan of grants to subsidize rural students from needy families every year; invited experts and professors to make propaganda of science and technology and hold skills trainings in Fangshan County, and held a total of three training courses for more than 1,000 person-times in the county. Harbin Institute of Technology organized 901 teachers and workers of 26 basic labor unions to donate 10008 books to support the construction of libraries in the primary and secondary schools of Jinxiu County. Northwestern Polytechnical University signed the Agreement on Education Assistance with Rongshui County, held trainings for 1450 teachers of the county, organized 126 cadres, 118 educators and 10 village cadres and leaders in becoming rich to carry out field survey and receive trainings in Shaanxi Province. 
【Social poverty alleviation】In 2016, MIIT successively coordinated 3.3 million yuan of social funds for Jialing District of Nanchong City to set up the“homes of left-behind children’ in seven poverty-stricken schools and build the e-learning platform, achieving synchronous online teaching of poor primary schools and well-known schools in Beijing. Coordinated China Welfare Institute to donate 40 computers and build one audio-visual education room for Lidu Middle School; launched the“clean water project”for rural schools jointly with Coca-Cola to provide free water purification equipment and cups for eight primary and secondary schools, benefiting nearly 4700 teachers and students; coordinated Geely Poverty Alleviation Fund to issue living allowances of 5,000 yuan per capita per year for 800 middle school and college students from needy families. Beihang University coordinated the Specialized Committee of Business and Supermarkets of Universities in Beijing and the Specialized Committee of Catering to set up green channels for the characteristic agricultural and sideline products of Zhongyang County to enter the supermarkets and dining halls of the universities in Beijing. Beijing Institute of Technology coordinated Shanxi Jinneng Group Co., Ltd. to construct the 220kw PV power generation facilities characterized by agriculture-PV complementary in Qiaogou Village of Fangshan County, increasing the collective income by 275,000 yuan per year; introduced the poverty relief force of Shanxi Branch of Taiping Life Insurance Co., Ltd. to provide personal accident and family property insurance for the farmers of Qiaogou Village who meet the relevant requirements. 
【Activities on the Poverty Alleviation Day】MIIT formulated the“Plan of MIIT for the Activities on the Poverty Alleviation Day in 2016”and carried out a series of activities on the Poverty Alleviation Day. Coordinated China Telecom Corporation, China Mobile Communications Corporation and China United Network Communications Limited to send 480 million public service messages on the Poverty Alleviation Day, calling on all Chinese people to devote into the great cause of poverty reduction hand in hand. Organized the Party Group of the organs of MIIT and the CYL branches to provide“one-for-one”counterpart support for 96 students from needy families in poor counties and donated a total of 132740 yuan for the poor students. Coordinated China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation (CFPA) to support the implementation of the project of“New Great Wall Class”in No.2 Middle School of Nanbu County, and supported 50 students of Grade I from needy families to complete their high school education. Zhu Gaofeng, former Vice Minister of Industry and Information Technology and Academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering, donated 150,000 yuan of“Guanghua Engineering Award”be obtained to three poverty-stricken schools for special education in Sichuan Province to help the students with disabilities or from registered poor families to complete their studies. Relevant units affiliated to MIIT carried out a series of field research and docking activities for the poor areas. The Northwestern Polytechnical University, for example, launched the activity of public fund-raising for the poor, called on more than 3600 faculty members of the university to donate money and materials for 100 students from needy families in Rongshui County. Beijing Institute of Technology held the exhibition of agricultural products of poor areas in Shanxi, and recorded sales revenue of nearly 100,000 yuan for the poor areas, promoting the online sales of nearly 200,000 yuan. Through the MIIT website and other media platforms, we made propagandas of the poverty reduction results and experience, advanced characters and deeds, and published the“Activations of MIIT on the Poverty Alleviation Day in 2016”. In October 2016, MIIT was titled as the honorary unit of the special action of“Dream Girl”by the National Health and Family Planning Commission of the PRC. 
(Liu Bo, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology)
Poverty Alleviation by State Ethnic Affairs Commission
【Overview】Based on its department functions, starting with promoting the key and special work in the field of ethnic minority work, the State Ethnic Affairs Commission (hereinafter referred to as“SEAC”) steadily pushed forward the poverty reduction in minority areas. In 2016, SEAC took the lead to formulate the“Planning for Promoting the Development of Minority Areas and Ethnic Minorities during the ‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Period”, which was then approved and issued by the State Council, and the central government issued relief funds of 27.96 billion yuan for the minority regions, accounting for 42% of the total. The East-West pairing-off poverty reduction covered 30 autonomous regions. The eastern developed counties (cities, districts) were twinned with the western poor counties in poverty alleviation, covering all the poor counties in the western minority autonomous areas. 
【Poverty alleviation in minority areas】SEAC incorporated the comprehensive poverty alleviation of destitute minority areas and the destitute groups into the list of key projects of the“Planning for Promoting the Development of Minority Areas and Ethnic Minorities during the ‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Period”, including the special action for poverty reduction of poor counties in minority autonomous regions, the special action for poverty reduction in border areas, and the special action for targeted poverty reduction among the destitute and among the minorities. In cooperation with the Ministry of Education and the State Language Commission, SEAC issued the opinions on supporting the popularization of the national general language in destitute ethnic minority areas of Yunnan Province, aiming to help minority people speak Mandarin, popularize science and technology knowledge and improve production and life skills of the minority people. In conjunction with the Ministry of Transport and China Development Bank, SEAC carried out field research on traffic infrastructure in border areas and minority areas of Yunnan Province; supported the Ministry of Transport to approve Yunnan Province’s planning for the hardened highroad building in the natural villages with a large population in minority areas and border areas of Yunnan, and give priority to the cement road building projects in the administrative villages of minority areas in the allocation of projects. In August 2016, SEAC held in Lhasa City of Tibet Autonomous Region the work conference on counterpart support for Tibet and Xinjiang, coordinated 21 departments of ethnic affairs in eastern and central provinces and municipalities to provide counterpart support for Tibet and Xinjiang and accelerate the pace of poverty reduction in remote minority areas; held the national meeting on experience-sharing between minority autonomous counties in winning the tough battle against poverty and building a comprehensively well-off society and the second national conference on experience-sharing between minority autonomous prefectures in building a comprehensively well-off society, aiming to help the autonomous counties (banners) and autonomous prefectures to win the tough battle against poverty and build a well-off society as scheduled. 
【Field research on poverty alleviation】In conjunction with the All-China Federation of Trade Unions (ACFTU), SEAC went to Gansu Province to make propagandas of the spirit of the central poverty alleviation and development work and carry out field survey on the anti-poverty work; in conjunction with China Insurance Regulatory Commission, SEAC carried out the field research on the annual poverty reduction work in 2016 in Guangxi, forming the research report; cooperated with Jiusan Society to carry out field research on the targeted poverty alleviation in Daliang Mountain and Xiaoliang Mountain Area; organized the supervision and inspection of the implementation of the“Several Opinions on Accelerating the Pace of Building a Well-off Society in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture of Sichuan Province,, Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province and Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu Province”, and cooperated with the relevant departments in addressing major problems and issues in the development of the three prefectures. 
【Poverty alleviation in minority areas】Organized the rural poverty monitoring in ethnic autonomous areas provide a scientific basis for the relevant departments to formulate special policy measures to support the poverty alleviation in destitute minority areas and among destitute groups. According to the current national rural poverty standard, in 2016, there were a total of 14.11 million rural poor people in the eight minority provinces and autonomous regions (Inner Mongolia, Guangxi, Tibet, Ningxia, five autonomous regions in Xinjiang, as well as Guizhou, Yunnanand Qinghai with a large number of minority people), with a decrease of 4.02 million compared with 2015, the poverty reduction rate was 22.2%, at the national average level, and the incidence of poverty was 9.34%, down 2.76 percentage points, 4.84 percentage points higher than the national average. From 2010 to 2016, the proportion of the rural poor of the eight minority provinces (autonomous regions) in the total poor of China remained above 30%, showing a trend of slow rise. The incidence of poverty in Inner Mongolia fell to less than 5%, and the incidence of poverty in Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet and Xinjiang was still over 10%. The number of rural poor residents exceeded 3 million in Guangxi, Guizhou and Yunnan respectively, and the total number of the rural poor residents in these three provinces (autonomous regions) reached 11.16 million, accounting for 79.1% of the total, basically the same as that in previous years. The rural poor of these three provinces (autonomous regions) mainly live in the rocky desertification area of Yunnan, Guangxi and Guizhou, the border mountain areas of West Yunnan and the Wumeng Mountain Area, where the poverty reduction is a heavy task. 
Poor population and incidence of poverty of the 8 minority provinces 
(autonomous regions) and the whole country
Indicators
 2010
 2011
 2012
 2013
 2014
 2015
 2016
 
Poverty standard (yuan)
 2300
 2536
 2625
 2736
 2800
 2855
 2952
 
Poor people (ten thousand)
 8 minority provinces (autonomous regions)
 5040
 3917
 3121
 2562
 2205
 1813
 1411
 
China
 16567
 12238
 9899
 8249
 7017
 5575
 4335
 
Proportion of the poor in 8 minority provinces (regions) in the total poor nationwide (%)
 30.4
 32.0
 31.5
 31.1
 31.4
 32.5
 32.55
 
Incidence of poverty (%)
 8 minority provinces (autonomous regions)
 34.5
 26.5
 21.1
 17.1
 14.7
 12.1
 9.34
 
China
 17.2
 12.7
 10.2
 8.5
 7.2
 5.7
 4.5
 
Comparison between the situation in 8 provinces (regions) and in the whole country
 17.3 
percentage 
points 
higher
 13.8 
percentage 
points 
higher
 10.9 
percentage 
points 
higher
 8.6 
percentage 
points 
higher
 7.5 
percentage 
points 
higher
 6.4 
percentage 
points 
higher
 4.84 
percentage 
points 
higher
 
 
 
【Action of Vitalizing Borders and Enriching the People Living There】 SEAC formulated the“Action of Vitalizing Borders and Enriching the People Living There for the ‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Period”jointly with the relevant departments. In 2016, the National Development and Reform Commission issued special funds of 800 million yuan within the central government’s budget for the Action of Vitalizing Borders and Enriching the People Living There to push forward the special action of poverty reduction in border areas, improve the production and living conditions of the residents in border areas and help the people in border areas shake off poverty and become rich. 
【Accelerating the development of minorities】Remarkable achievements were made in supporting the development of minority nationalities. According to SEAC’s monitoring and statistics, as of the end of 2016, the per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen in 2119 administrative villages concentrated with minority people was 66669955 yuan, nearly 11 times higher than that in 2011. The Xibe, Russian, Yugur, Gaoshan, Lhoba, Hezhen, Daur, Jing and Maonan regions have got the basic condition for building a comprehensive well-off society. 
During the “13th Five-Year Plan”period, in order to achieve the goal of“extending in all directions”on the basis of“one reaching, two exits, and three guarantees”in minority villages by 2020, we integrated relevant resources and focused on supporting the development of minorities, striving to help some minority villages take the lead to shake off poverty and build a well-off society. In 2016, the National Development and Reform Commission arranged 500 million yuan of the central government’s budget specifically for the development of minority nationalities, creating conditions for the minorities to take the lead to shake off poverty and build a well-off society.
【Villages and towns with characteristics of ethnic minorities】In order to protect minority dwellings, develop characteristic industries, improve the living environment, inherit the characteristic culture and promote the unity and progress, SEAC and the Ministry of Finance jointly launched the project of minority village protection and development and arranged minority development funds to support the construction of characteristic villages. Now, a total of 1057 villages nationwide were titled as“Chinese villages and towns with characteristics of ethnic minorities”by SEAC. In 2016, in cooperation with the NDRC, SEAC supported the construction of small towns with characteristics of ethnic minorities, improving the quality and popularity of ethnic minority villages and towns. The influence of the brand of“Chinese villages and towns with characteristics of ethnic minorities”has been constantly enhanced, which is beautiful scenery in the minority areas. 
【Poverty alleviation in Wuling Mountain Area】Earnestly implemented the responsibility of the liaison unit of the Wuling Mountain Area. First, strengthening the communication and coordination between departments and promoting the implementation of major projects. Coordinated relevant departments to push forward the docking work at the national level required for the implementation of the provincial planning on poverty reduction in the Wuling Mountain Area during the“13th Five-Year Plan”period, and contacted 17 departments for the implementation of 1072 projects in 12 industries; actively coordinated the relevant department to incorporate the Anzhangheng, Xingyong Chengan and Zhangjihuai Railways into the long- and medium-term railway construction planning (2030) or the railway development program for the“13th Five-Year Plan”period. Second, promoting the coordinated development of tourism in Wuling Mountain Area. In January 2016, we held the conference on the regional development and poverty reduction in Wuling Mountain Area in Chongqing City, sign the cooperation agreement with eight parties from four provinces, issued the“Opinions on Promoting the Tourism-based Poverty Reduction and Coordinated Development in Wuling Mountain Area”jointly with China National Tourism Administration, All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce and China Development Bank, and explored the construction of targeted tourism-based poverty alleviation projects in impoverished rural areas. Third, continuously accelerating the development of Wuling Mountain Area through development-oriented finance, and implementing the cooperation agreement and supporting policies signed by the six parties of four provinces. As of December 2016, China Development Bank had issued a total of 262.5 billion yuan of loans to Wuling Mountain Area, and the balance of loan was 87.3 billion yuan, which was used to support the construction of infrastructure and livelihood projects in the mountain area. Fourth, giving full play to the functions of relevant departments and launching characteristic minority work. Mainly supported the construction of minority villages, the production of traditional handicrafts and the improvement of production and living conditions of the masses, and set up a total of 140 Chinese villages with ethnic characteristics in the mountain area, such as Miao, Tujia, Yao, Dong, and Gelao village; supported Wuling Mountain Area to build demonstration zones of national unity and progress and carry out the“state / county celebration”activities; and launched the activity of culture and hygiene delivery to the countryside—“A Big Chinese Family”, and the“Public Welfare Activity of Art Education of Young Minority People on Caihong Road”in the southeast of Chongqing. Fifth, public opinion propaganda and talent guarantee. The cultural institutions subordinated to SEAC specially reported the achievements made in the targeted poverty reduction in the mountain area. Six universities made cooperation with the local governments, invested 11.895 million yuan of relief funds in the mountain area in 2016, recruited 4351 students here, held 27 training courses for 2663 person-times, and delivered 142 research reports and papers on poverty reduction. Also, we sent 78 liaison officers to work in the mountain area, and organized the training of backbone principals of local middle schools and the workshops on HK industry and commerce for grassroots minority cadres, etc. 
【Fixed-point poverty alleviation】SEAC was designated to be responsible for the fixed-point poverty alleviation in Balin Right Banner of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Debao County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, as well as the counterpart support for the poverty reduction in Le’an County of Jiangxi Province. In 2016, we re-established the SEAC-led leading group of fixed-point poverty alleviation and the office of the leading group, held the plenary meeting of the leading group for SEAC’s fixed-point poverty alleviation, established the system for SEAC’s leaders to coordinate the anti-poverty work in the poverty reduction points, and the SEAC’s leaders headed delegations to carry out field research on poverty reduction and condolence activities in the poor banners / counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation and the country for counterpart support. At the same time, the“Work Plan of SEAC and Division of Labor for Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation in 2016”and the“Work Plan of SEAC and Division of Labor for Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation in the ‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Period”were formulated. 
【Intellectual support】Sent outstanding cadres to work and serve as the first secretary of impoverished villages in the poor counties (banners) for fixed-point poverty alleviation and the twinned county for counterpart support; organized the grassroots cadres of the countries for fixed-point poverty alleviation to take part in the seventh seminar on targeted poverty alleviation, the workshop on administration according to law and the seminar on Hong Kong industry and commerce; held advanced seminar on the targeted poverty reduction in minority areas and minority people in order to improve the comprehensive quality and innovation ability of the cadres at the grassroots level; participated in the experimental zone construction in Bijie of Guizhou and the“Spark Program, Poverty Alleviation by Science and Technology”in Qianxinan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Region (hereinafter referred to as the“Qianxinan Prefecture”) jointly promoted by the United Front Work Department of the CPC, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Central Committees of democratic parties and the All-China Federation of industry and Commerce, organized the poverty alleviation leading enterprises engaged in processing of characteristic agricultural products of Qianxinan Prefecture and the minority products and trade enterprises to attend the 21st Macao International Trade and Investment Fair, and held the conference on introducing the tourism culture industry of Qianxinan Prefecture. In conjunction with the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee and the Liaison Department of the Central United Front of the Central Committee of the CPC, we sent some outstanding cadres of the western regions and other minority areas to work in the central organs, state organs, relevant ministries and commissions as well as backbone state-owned enterprises in the eastern developed regions, aiming to strengthen the construction of minority cadre team. 
(Yuan Yan, Economic Development Department, State Ethnic Affairs Commission)
Poverty Alleviation by the Ministry of Civil Affairs
【Construction of poverty alleviation system】In February 2016, the Ministry of Civil Affairs assisted the State Council in issuing the“Opinions on Further Improving the Aid and Support System for the Poverty-stricken People”to provide a system basis for the assistance and support of the poor rural people, and issuing the“Opinions on Strengthening the Care and Protection of Rural Left-behind Children”, making clear the national policy measures for strengthening the care and protection of rural left-behind children.
In March, the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Public Security jointly issued the“Notice on Field Survey on the Rural Left-behind Children”, launched the field survey of rural left-behind children and carried out the investigation into left-behind elderly people and their needs assessment work. 
In June, the Ministry of Civil Affairs assisted the State Council in formulating the“Opinion on Strengthening the Protection of Children in Plight”and convened a meeting to make deployments together with relevant departments. In conjunction with the China Disabled Persons’ Federation, we issued the“Notice on Implementing Policy Linkage on the Two Subsidy Systems for Disabled Persons”, which further clarified the basic principles for policy convergence, and refined the measures for the issuance of national subsidies such as pension and retirement subsidy; and issued the“Opinions on Supporting and Developing Voluntary Service Organizations”jointly with eight departments, which explicitly proposed to actively support volunteer service organizations to undertake voluntary services in the field of poverty alleviation.
In August, the Ministry of Civil Affairs issued the“Notice of the Ministry of Civil Affairs on Deepening the Consultation between Urban and Rural Communities”, guided poor areas to implement the system of“four discussions and two announcements”and the“village affairs liaison conference”system, and organized the masses to participate in poverty alleviation and development consciously; took the lead in formulating the“National Guidelines for the Construction of Demonstration Units in Rural Communities”, and issued the“Notice of the Ministry of Civil Affairs on Carrying out Demonstration Activities in Rural Communities Nationwide”to further mobilize the enthusiasm of poor areas for accelerating the construction of rural communities. 
In September, the General Office of the State Council forwarded the“Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Effective Convergence between the Rural Minimum Living Security System and the Poverty Alleviation and Development Policy”issued by the Ministry of Civil Affairs, which called for strengthening the convergence of policies, standards, objects and management, etc. 
In October, the Ministry of Civil Affairs, 12 central departments and some other group organizations jointly issued the“Opinions on Strengthening the Development of Special Positions for Social Work and the Talent and Incentive Security”to further improve the mechanisms for the use of social worker talents and the incentive security, including those in poor areas. Promoted the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council to issue the“Notice on the Implementation of the ‘Pilot Program of Villagers’ Self-governance with Villagers Groups and Natural Villages as the Basic Units”, achieving the goal of good management, serving the people and handling affairs in accordance with relevant regulations; In conjunction with 15 departments, such as the Organization Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Central Committee for Comprehensive Management of Public Security, we issued the“Planning for the Construction of Urban and Rural Community Service Systems (2016-2020)”, giving priority to the construction of matching projects in the resettlement areas of relocation projects. 
In November, jointly with the relevant departments, the Ministry of Civil Affairs issued the“Notice on the Special Care Action of ‘Joint Guardianship and Accompanying Growth’ for Rural Left-behind Children Nationwide”, and adopted targeted protection measures based on the results of the field survey; accelerate the process of incorporating rural community construction in poor areas into the“Poverty Reduction Planning for the ‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Period”and the process of incorporating“rural community service system construction projects”into the task of“improving the production and living conditions of impoverished rural areas”. 
【Social assistance fallback protection】In 2016, in the name of the Party committee, general office of government or the leading group of poverty reduction (or poverty alleviation and development), the civil affairs departments at all levels issued the matching documents of the“Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Effective Convergence between the Rural Minimum Living Security System and the Poverty Alleviation and Development Policy”. Through holding training courses, seminars and quarterly announcement of counties (cities, districts) with rural minimum living standard lower than the national poverty alleviation standard, the Ministry of Civil Affairs urged the regions with rural minimum living standard lower than the national poverty alleviation standard to raise the living allowance standards. In 2016, a total of 45.765 million people were covered by the rural minimum living security system in China, for whom the living security standard reached 312 yuan, and a total of 98.43 billion yuan was issued as rural subsistence allowances; the national rural minimum living standard was raised by 17.8% on average, and the number of the countries (cities, districts) with minimum living standard below the national poverty standard was reduced from 1521 at the end of 2015 to 600. 
In 2016, there were a total of 4.969 million destitute rural people in our country, the average standard for centralized support of destitute rural people was 6777 yuan per capita per year, and this standard for scattered support of destitute rural people was 5217 yuan per capita per year; and a total of 23.64 billion yuan was used on the aid and support of destitute rural people. 
In 2016, medical assistance was provided for a total of 87.204 million person-times, including direct relief for 30.998 million person-times and insurance subsidy for 56.206 million person-times; and a total of 29.87 billion yuan was used for medical aid. 
In 2016, temporary relief was provided for a total of 9.679 million person-times and a total of 8.63 billion yuan of relief funds was issued for temporary relief, 891 yuan per capita per time. 
【Capacity building for disaster prevention and relief】In 2016, the Ministry of Civil Affairs organized the construction of the national natural disaster relief materials reserve system and in consultation with the National Development and Reform Commission, planned to invest 400 million yuan of central government budget for comprehensive disaster prevention and mitigation capacity building in 2016 to support the construction of 114 city and county-level disaster relief materials reserve systems in the western regions prone to disasters. The National Disaster Reduction Committee and the Ministry of Civil Affairs launched a total of five responses of national disaster relief early warning, 21 national level-Ⅳdisaster relief emergency responses and one national level-Ⅲ disaster relief emergency response, and coordinated the dispatch of 22 emergency response teams to the disaster areas to guide disaster relief work. In consultation with the Ministry of Finance, we issued 7.906 billion yuan of living allowances for people affected in natural disasters, organized the allocation of 41,000 tents, 166,000 pieces of clothing and beddings, 25,000 sleeping bags, 23,000 folding beds and some other central relief reserve materials. In order to effectively ensure the basic livelihood of the affected people in the poor areas, we assisted the local governments in making proper arrangements for affected people for more than 9 million person-times and rescuing affected people for more than 62 million person-times. 
【Care service for rural left-behind people and disabled persons】Formulated the planning for social welfare service system construction in the“13th Five-Year Plan”period, accelerated the construction of community children’s home in various regions relying on the existing public service facilities of urban and rural communities; pushed forward the construction of daily care centers in rural communities, encouraged the transformation of rural elderly homes into regional service centers for the aged, and supported the construction and operation of local rural happy homes and other community service facilities.
Guided the investigation into left-behind elderly people and their service demand evaluation in various regions; arranged one billion yuan of central lottery funds to support the construction and operation of rural happy homes and other community service facilities; further improved the welfare security system for the elderly, encouraged local governments to establish the age allowance system for the low-income elderly over the age of 80, and accelerated the gradual establishment of the old-age service subsidy system for the economically poor elderly; established and improved the subsidy system for the poor elder and disabled elderly people; and promoted the local governments to establish the care subsidy system for the poor disabled elderly based on the actual situation. 
In 2016, the Ministry of Civil Affairs launched the pilot program of“the involvement of professional social work in the construction of care service system for rural left-behind people”, a cooperative project with the Heilongjiang Provincial People’s government and the Anhui Provincial People’s Government, exploring the path and the establishment of a long-term mechanism for providing care, personalized and professional social services for rural left-behind people, especially the poor.
【Social workers’ participation in poverty alleviation】In 2016, the Ministry of Civil Affairs implemented the program for professional social workers to serve remote poor areas, border areas, minority areas and old revolutionary base area; targeting at the key counties for national poverty alleviation and development, sent 1,000 professional social workers to and cultivated 500 professional social workers for these areas, mainly to support the establishment of social work service systems in poor areas.
Carried out the activity of“developing social work to boost poverty reduction”on the World Social Work Day in 2016. In March, we carried out centralized, sustained, extensive and in-depth social publicity activities to promote anti-poverty work nationwide, issued the initial written proposal of“social work support for poverty alleviation”, held the“seminar on social work and poverty alleviation”, mobilized and guided social service agencies and social workers to provide professional services for poor people.
【Poverty alleviation by NGOs】Encouraged and guided the social forces to take part in the poverty alleviation, and launched the national targeted poverty reduction action participated by NGOs; held centralized training of civil affairs departments’ staff on the study and implementation of the“Charity Law”to promote the involvement of charitable cause in poverty reduction; designed and implemented the“Warmth Delivery to Plateau and Great Love for Tibet-NGOs’ Activities of Aiding Tibet”, and mobilized 21 NGOs to get involved and invest 170 million yuan in kind and cash for the
event. 
Guided NGOs and social institutions to participate in poverty alleviation, and invited national NGOs, especially charitable organizations, industry associations, chambers of commerce and social work agencies to send people to support the anti-poverty work in Luoxiao Mountain Area. The Youth Club of the Ministry of Civil Affairs carried out the activity of“Care for Left-behind Children”of the“People-benefiting Public Welfare Trip of Warmth Delivery for Old Revolutionary Base Areas”in Suichuan County, Ji’an City, Jiangxi Province, and raised a lot of materials and donations as well as supporting services worth 1.76 million yuan.
【Poverty alleviation in contiguous destitute areas】In 2016, the Ministry of Civil Affairs arranged a total of 1.69 billion yuan of urban and rural subsistence allowance funds, 240 million yuan of five-guarantee support funds, 330 million yuan of direct medical relief funds, 680 million yuan of indemnity funds, 110 million yuan of disaster relief funds and 44 million yuan of orphans’ living subsidies for 23 counties in Luoxiao Mountain Area; accelerated the construction of community children’s home in various regions relying on the existing public service facilities of urban and rural communities; pushed forward the construction of daily care centers in rural communities, encouraged the transformation of rural elderly homes into regional service centers for the aged, coordinated the Ministry of Finance to support the construction and operation of local rural happy homes and other community service facilities with central lottery funds; and coordinated NDRC to support the construction of civil service facilities such as nursing homes and children’s welfare homes with 26.22 million yuan of central government budget funds. 
In January 2016, in accordance with the unified deployment of the State Council Leading Group of Poverty Alleviation and Development, a joint working group composed of relevant people of the Ministry of Civil Affairs and the SASAC led by Vice Minister Gong Puguang went to Jiangxi Province to make propagandas of the spirit of the central poverty alleviation and development work conference, visited and delivered condolences to the rural poor, carried out field research on the fixed-point poverty alleviation in Lianhua County and the anti-poverty work in Luoxiao Mountain Area, and guided the local civil affairs departments to implement the central government’s major policy measures on poverty reduction. In April, the Ministry of Civil Affairs held the fourth inter-ministerial conference on the regional development and poverty alleviation in Luoxiao Mountain Area to implement the spirit of the central poverty alleviation and development work conference and the“Decision of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Winning the Tough Battle against Poverty”, summed up the poverty alleviation and development work in Luoxiao Mountain Area in 2015, and carried out study on the anti-poverty task of the relevant central commission and ministries in Luoxiao Mountain Area. On October 17, the Ministry of Civil Affairs held in Beijing the meeting on the anti-poverty work in Luoxiao Mountain, delivered a report entitled“Realization of the China Dream with True Love for Luoxiao Mountain Area and Old Revolutionary Base Areas”, and made re-deployments for the involvement in anti-poverty work, especially for the fixed-point poverty alleviation and the counterpart support work. 
In 2016, the Ministry of Civil Affairs held eight skill trainings of nursing personnel for the aged in Luoxiao Mountain Area. A total of 1003 local poor people took part in the trainings and all of them successfully completed the theoretical knowledge learning and practical training. After strict examinations, 87% of the trainees have obtained the National Professional Qualification Certificates, and more than half of the trainees found jobs or reached employment intensions with the pension institutions. In such a way, we achieved the goal of“helping one trainee find a job to lift one family out of poverty and promote the poverty reduction in one village”. 
(Wu Zengfeng, Social Assistance Department, Ministry of Civil Affairs)
Poverty Alleviation by the Ministry of Finance
【Overview】In 2016, the Ministry of Finance was designated to support the poverty reduction in Pingjiang County of Hunan Province and Yongsheng County of Yunnan Province. Based on the actual situation of these two counties, adhering to targeted poverty alleviation, we constantly improved the poverty alleviation planning and working mechanism, made innovations to the aid measures, actively implemented the pro-poor policies and continued to improve poverty reduction efficiency to promote the development of the cause of poverty reduction. 
【Investment of poverty relief funds】In 2016, the Ministry of Finance carried out field survey in the twinned poor counties for 20 person-times, helped the poor counties introduce 430.06 million yuan of various funds, held 51 training courses of technicians and rural labors for 6037 person-times, and helped 1392 registered poor people find jobs and get labor income of 2.08 million yuan. 
【Poverty alleviation by sending cadres】In 2016, the Ministry of Finance continued to send two division-level cadres to serve as the subprefects of Pingjiang County of Hunan Province and Yongsheng County of Yunnan Province, mainly to support the fixed-point poverty alleviation work, and sent one cadre at the rank of section chief to serve as the first secretary of Hengchong Village in Anding Town, Pingjiang County, Hunan Province, and as the vice party secretary of Anding Town. 
【Poverty alleviation planning】In Pingjiang County, we comprehensively supported the implementation of the“five one-batch”aid measures, improved the aid mechanism with overall responsibility undertaken by main leaders, implementation responsibility undertaken by division heads and fixed-point support by village-stationed cadres, and made steady progress in the key work in poverty reduction; participated in the formulation of the“Decision on Mobilizing All Forces of the County to Work Together for Winning the Tough Battle against Poverty”, took the lead to develop the“Planning for Industrial Poverty Alleviation and Development in Nankeng Village”and the“Planning for the Development of Leisure Agriculture and Rural Tourism in Hengchong Village”, and strived to promote the orderly implementation of the fixed-point poverty alleviation. Based on the actual situation of Yongsheng County, we put forward the guideline of“1865”for poverty reduction, issued the“Decision on Winning the Tough Battle against Poverty”, and formulated ten rules and regulations, including the“Measures for the Assessment of Poverty Reduction Work in Yongsheng County and the Rewards and Punishments”, the“Opinions of Yongsheng County on Increasing Financial Investment in Poverty Alleviation and Development”, the“Measures for the Implementation of Ex-situ Relocation in Yongsheng County”, etc.. 
【Industrial poverty alleviation】Actively coordinated the relevant department to incorporate Pingjiang County into the coverage of transfer payment for national key ecological function zones. In 2016, this program received a total of 56.83 million yuan of transfer payment funds from superior authorities, significantly promoting the development of ecological management and energy conservation and environmental protection projects in Pingjiang County. Actively developed planting and breeding industry, applied for 12 million yuan of project funds for the big oil-producing county, coordinated the allocation of project funds of 10 million yuan for the construction of high mountain organic tea demonstration gardens and 35.61 million yuan of support funds for farmers’ cooperatives; made innovations to the development of rural tourism, successfully strived for 1.2 billion yuan and 600 million yuan of loans respectively for the first and second phase of the project of“Village Development Supported by Towns”of China Development Bank, created a poverty relief corridor based on tourism development in the 200kilometer impoverished mountain area at the junction of three provinces: Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi, benefitting more than 80,000 poor people of 101 impoverished villages in 10 towns; actively supported Yongsheng County to apply for watershed harness projects and strived for more than 20 million yuan of funds for the harness of Chenghai Lake; coordinated the provincial guarantee company to provide lending service for the small and micro enterprises, leading enterprises and agricultural products processing enterprises in Yongsheng County; strived for three million yuan of financial funds for the construction of beautiful countryside in Yongsheng County; strived to expand the tobacco planting area to increase the income of the local farmers; implemented the entire town advancement project in Guanghua Town, Da’an Town, Dongshan Town and Ludila Town with investment of 20 million yuan for each town, and integrated 100 million yuan of project funds for the development of poverty relief projects such as planting and road construction projects. 
【Medical poverty alleviation】In Pingjiang County, we provided the basic medical security, serious illness insurance and medical assistance for the poor, striving to prevent them from falling into or returning to poverty due to illness. In Yongsheng County, the government issued the“Implementation Plan of Yongsheng County for Health Poverty Alleviation”, took the registered poor as the objects of health poverty reduction, enhanced the security level of the new rural cooperative medical services for these objects and created“Easy Access”for health poverty alleviation, effectively reducing the burden of medical expenses of rural poor population. 
【Poverty alleviation trainings】Organized more than 50 training courses for technicians and rural labors for more than 6,000 person-times, including practical technical trainings for the registered poor and the trainings for surplus labors of poor families who have not continued their study after graduating from junior or high middle school, etc. 
【Poverty alleviation in education】In Pingjiang County, 1.02 million yuan of poverty-relief student subsidy of the Rain Plan was issued to 510 students from needy families, more than 300 vocational school students applied for subsidies through the website of the Rain Plan, and 3478 students got 27.73 million yuan of native place loans. In Yongsheng County, we strived for 1-4 million yuan of financial funds for the vocational education, the purchase of living goods of students from needy families and the information construction of schools; opened a junior high school class free of charge for minority people in the County Minority School, which mainly recruits students from Lisu and other minorities and implements the free boarding education system. With a total investment budget of 1.81 billion yuan, the project of Education and Culture Park is constructed through PPP in order to promote the balanced development of compulsory education.
【Infrastructure construction】In Pingjiang County, the poverty relief cadres and the poverty alleviation work team coordinated the transportation departments to widen and improve the village roads, newly build village group highroads and bridges in accordance with the rural highway construction standard, laying a solid foundation for the development of local agriculture. Introduced 6 million yuan of funds to construct and harden 2300 meters of canals, build and transform three bridges and widen and improve highroads of 7,000 meters in Nankeng Village of Changshou Town, and improved the village-level drinking water projects at the same time. Offered advices for the development of the impoverished villages and private enterprises in Yongsheng County, coordinated relevant departments to solve the road construction problem of the villages for poverty reduction, strived for the support of the provincial financial department and the provincial military area for the construction of militia training base, and financed 200 million yuan for the village road hardening and village group highroad construction. 
【Village-stationed poverty reduction】The Ministry of Finance sent one cadre at the rank of section chief to serve as the“first secretary”of Hengchong Village in Anding Town, Pingjiang County, Hunan Province, and as the vice party secretary of Anding Town. Gave full play to the role of the“first secretary”in the village, enriched the team strength of the village Party branch, established the learning system of the village Party branch, and set relevant standards and specifications, constantly enhancing the capacity of the leaders for business operation and mass work, enhancing the cohesiveness, centripetal force and fighting capacity of the Party branch. Continued to carry forward the work style of hard work and arduous struggle, led the cadres and masses of Hengchong Village to work hard and make innovation rather than wait for and rely on external assistance, creating a number of“Hengchong Speed”and forming the“Hengchong experience”and“Hengchong Mode”, which was later promoted and duplicated in the whole province. Strived for more than 1.2 million yuan of project funds and led the villagers to raise more than 300,000 yuan for the hardening of village roads of more than 20,000 square meters, the transformation of farmland and infrastructure and the construction of more than 1200 mu of high-standard farmland, effectively enhancing the comprehensive agricultural production capacity of Hengchong Village. Set up“Chuangcheng Public Welfare Association for Poverty Alleviation”, introduced investment of 120,000 yuan from the rural residents to subsidize the students from needy families to go to school; founded wedding service companies and set up the masses performance team to help the villagers increase income by amateur performance. Hengchong Home of Chuangke continued to attract returned college students, migrant workers and veterans as well as other young talents to launch businesses in the village, effectively boosting the village’s economic development. Pingjiang County Hengchong Land Cooperatives organized the villagers to plant 70 mu of ficus carica, 200 mu of lotus seed, 300 mu of sunflowers and dozens of mu of ornamental flowers and nursery stock. The cooperatives provided original shares for the poor free of charge in order to increase the return on equity of the poor. Gave priority to the poor with certain ability to work in recruitment, and the poor labors can achieve income growth of 6,000 yuan per capita per year. Registered and founded“Hunan Xiangye Ecological Agriculture Co. Ltd.”, in which the village collective and poor households hold some shares, and invited returned college students to take charge in the management and operation of the company; set up the first people-benefiting comprehensive service center in Yueyang City, which mainly sells home appliances, agricultural seeds and agricultural products, and provide insurance, financial and courier services. Over the past three months after its operation, the center has recorded sales income of more than 200,000 yuan and increased ten new stable jobs, boosting the development of collective economy and the constant income growth of the poor. 
(Li Xuanhong, Personnel and Education Department, Ministry of Finance)
Poverty Alleviation by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security
【Overview】In 2016, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security attached great importance to poverty reduction work, held many party group meetings and the ministry’s meetings to talk about the anti-poverty work, in accordance with the requirements of the“Notice of the General Office of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security on the Issuance and Implementation of the Planning for Division of Labor for the Important Policy Measures of the ‘Decision of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Winning the Tough Battle against Poverty’”, earnestly implemented the three major tasks and 12 other tasks assigned for the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and mainly played its role in the following four aspects: first, promoting the transfer of employment of poor labors so as to lift 10 million people out of poverty; second, holding skills training of poor labors; third, enhancing the social insurance level of poor population; fourth, providing personnel support for poverty alleviation. 
【Public employment and entrepreneurship services】In 2016, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and LGOP issued the“Notice on Launching the Pilot Work of Labor Cooperation between Guangdong and Hunan”, organized Guangdong to carry out pilot labor cooperation with Hunan and Hubei and developed some policy measures to promote the labor transfer of the rural poor under the new situation. The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the Ministry of Finance and LGOP jointly issued the“Guiding Opinions on the Implementation of Employment-based Poverty Alleviation”, improved the relevant policies and supported the rural poor labors to increase income and shake off poverty through employment. Carried out special activities and organized the special employment service activities such as the activities in the Employment Aid Month, the Spring Action, the Recruitment Week of Private Businesses and the University Graduates Service Month, aiming to help the rural poor labors find jobs or launch businesses. Strengthened publicity and guidance, organized some central media to carry out tour interviews, and opened up special columns for poverty alleviation in the official websites and newspapers to promote local experience in time.
【Vocational training】Guided poor areas to increase financial aid for vocational trainings and implemented the“Spring Tide Action”—a vocational skills improvement program for migrant workers. In 2016, the human sources and social security departments nationwide held government-funded migrant workers training for 9.13 million person-times. Implemented the five-year plan for the entrepreneurship training of returned migrant workers, and guided poor areas to improve the entrepreneurship training system to meet the needs of the migrant workers for entrepreneurship training, and give full play to the role of high-quality training resources to improve the pertinence and effectiveness. In 2016, entrepreneurship trainings of returned migrant workers were held for a total of 790,000 person-times. Jointly with LGOP, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security issued the“Notice on the Implementation of Poverty Reduction through Skills Training in One Thousand Colleges”, and decided to organize about 1,000 key technical colleges to carry out the action of poverty reduction from 2016 to 2020. As of the end of 2016, a total of 855 technical colleges participated in this action, recruited a total of 67500 students from registered poor families, and the total number of the students from needy families reached 127,000. In 2016, vocational trainings of labors from registered poor families were sold for 133,000 person-times, and 84200 people found jobs or launched their own businesses after receiving the trainings. 
【Basic old-age insurance system for urban and rural residents】Strengthened policy publicity of the old-age insurance for urban and rural residents to promote the eligible poor to participate in and renew the insurance. Guided Jiangxi and Henan to explore the establishment of the mechanism for the government to pay pension premiums for the registered poor according to the current minimum payment standard; supported and encouraged the regions with certain conditions to raise the basic pension standards. In 2016, 13 provincial governments, namely Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Jilin, Jiangsu, Shandong, Guangdong, Qinghai, Shanghai, Hunan, Tibet and Fujian again raised the standard of basic pension. By the end of 2016, the number of participants of the old-age insurance for urban and rural residents reached 510 million, and 150 million of them could get pensions after 60 years of age; and the average pension of the old-age insurance for urban and rural residents was 118 yuan per capita, of which 107 was basic pension, protecting and improving the living standards of the poor over 60 years of age to some extent. 
【Poverty alleviation through medical security】In 2016, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the Ministry of Finance issued the“Notice on Doing a Good Job of Basic Medical Insurance for Urban Residents in 2016”, which clarified that the financial subsidy standard reached 420 yuan in 2016 and the individual contribution was no less than 150 yuan, implemented the subsidy policy for individual contribution of the poor to the basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents, and incorporated the destitute, the objects of the minimum living security system and the registered poor into the coverage of the basic medical insurance for poor people. At the end of 2016, the number of people covered by the basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents reached 450 million, including 36.26 million people with special difficulties who enjoyed preferential policy. Consolidated and improved the serious illness insurance, reduced the threshold and improved the proportion of reimbursement for the poor meeting certain conditions; cooperated with the Leading Group Office of the State Council for Deepening the Medical and Health System Reform to issue the“Notice on Promoting the Major Illness Insurance Work for Urban and Rural Residents in 2016”, further stabilized the funding source for major illness insurance, enhanced the capacity for major illness insurance, and raised the proportion of reimbursement of hospitalization expenses by nearly 12 percentage points; cooperated with the National Health and Family Planning Commission in the implementation of health poverty reduction, rescued the rural poor suffering from major illnesses and chronic diseases in batches, and pushed forward the targeted health-based poverty alleviation work. 
【Program of“Three Assistance and One Support”】In 2016, eight departments including the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the Ministry of Finance and LGOP issued the“Notice on the Implementation of the Third Round of ‘Three Assistance and One Support’ for University Graduates”. In accordance with the strategic deployment of winning the tough battle against poverty, to meet the demand for talents in the development of education, agriculture, hygiene, water conservancy and poverty alleviation, we cultivated and delivered young talents to grassroots units. Throughout the year, a total of 28 thousand college graduates were recruited to serve at the grassroots units, of whom 8047 engaged in poverty reduction, with an increase of 2596 over 2015.
【Commendations and rewards】In 2016, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and LGOP explored the establishment of the national poverty alleviation honor system, proposed to carry out annual commendation of“Poverty Alleviation Award”during the“13th Five-Year Plan”period, which was later approved by the central government. In October 2016, we launched the first commendation of the“Poverty Alleviation Award”and the commendation of advanced collectives and advanced workers for poverty alleviation, and a total of 49 advanced collectives and 55 advanced workers were commended. 
【Construction of grassroots labor employment and social security service facilities】In 2016, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security cooperated with the National Development and Reform Commission to continue the construction of grassroots labor employment and social security service facilities. A total of 389 million yuan of central government budget funds was issued as subsidies for the construction of grassroots labor employment and social security service facilities in 110 counties in the central and western regions, of which 105 million yuan was used to subsidize the construction of grassroots platforms in 26 key counties for national poverty alleviation and development and the counties of contiguous poor areas (including Tibet, the Tibetan areas in four provinces and three prefectures in southern Xinjiang), improving the grassroots public service conditions in poor areas.
【Informatization construction】To implement the major deployments of“Internet +”and big data, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security formulated the“2020 Action Plan for ‘Internet +’ and Human Resources and Social Security Work’”. Relying on the social security cards, big data and other resources, we deeply tap the potential of the integrated development of human resources and social security work (including poverty alleviation) and the Internet to enhance innovation ability and promote business innovation and service mode transformation. Promoted the realization of employment information sharing between poor rural labors, promoted the employment stability of poor rural labor force, and constructed the national employment information platform for rural poor labors to provide support for local departments of human resources and social security to find labor force and provide targeted services, forming a database of poor labors. By the end of 2016, a total of 972 million people had got the social security cards, with a penetration rate of 70.3%, accomplishing 20.6% of the task assigned for the“13th Five-Year Plan”period; 365 departments of human resources and social security above prefecture (including provincial) level set up the hotline of 12333 for consulting service, with a penetration rate of 100%, providing public services for all people, including the poor. In 2016, the hotline received a total of 104.763 million phone calls, and the China public recruitment network issued a total of 4.0108 million pieces of job information. 
【Overview of the fixed-point poverty alleviation】In 2016, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security earnestly implemented the spirit of the central poverty alleviation and development conference, fully played its functions and advantages, and always took the fixed-point poverty alleviation as an important task. A total of four party group members and vice ministers successively carried out field survey in Tianzhen County of Shanxi Province and Jinzhai County of Anhui Province. In order to ensure the construction of a comprehensive well-off society in the two counties by 2020, we formulated the poverty alleviation planning of Tianzhen County and Jinzhai County to further clarify the duties and tasks, achieving good results. 
【Intellectual poverty alleviation】Strengthened the education and training of cadres in poor counties. In 2016, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security held various training courses for 30 young cadres, township cadres and county leaders of Tianzhen County and Jinzhai County to enhance their poverty reduction work ability; and organized agricultural technical personnel to receive trainings in developed regions and learn the vegetable planting technology and agricultural industrialization management knowledge and experience. 
【Poverty alleviation by technical service】Created a new model of labor export in Tianzhen County, promoted the development of the brand of“Tianzhen Nanny”, established the labor employment mechanism with the relevant housekeeping centers, set up and improved the training and contact services, tracking visits, home visits and other related systems, helped migrant workers solve problems timely, and held skills trainings for more than 800 people; a total of more than 8900 people had received the training and more than 4200 people achieved labor transfer; and the migrant workers’ per capita annual income was nearly 35 thousand yuan. Held in Jinzhai County the seminar on the fixed-point poverty alleviation for Jinzhai Technician College, issued the“Notice on the Implementation of Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation for Jinzhai Technician College”, developed the aid project schedule, assisted the technician college in recruiting children of needy families to create conditions for the children of needy families to receive vocational education and find jobs; held trainings of the rural labor transfer, successfully transferred more than 1,000 rural labors, and controlled the urban registered unemployment rate below 4%, basically achieving the goal of lifting out family out of poverty by helping one people achieve employment transfer. 
【Poverty alleviation through social security】Guided the implementation of the new rural social endowment insurance, the new rural cooperative medical system and serious illness insurance system for all impoverished villages and poor households in Tianzhen County, covering all eligible people, guided Tianzhen County to organize the departments of human resources and social security, disabled persons’ federations, departments of health and family planning, financial departments and poverty alleviation offices to develop security policy for the destitute groups and subsidize the families living in poverty due to illnesses, accidents and severe disabilities. Focusing on private enterprises and individual units, further expanded the coverage of basic social insurance such as pension, unemployment insurance, medical insurance, work injury and maternity insurance, further improved the urban and rural social security systems in accordance with the principle of“systemaltization, multilevel, wide coverage, basic guarantee”, made steady progress in the implementation of the Oracle DB and expanded the coverage of the insurance. 
【Poverty alleviation by project construction】Supported the development of modern agriculture and photovoltaic industry and the construction of a 1,000mu fruit industry park and greenhouses in Tianzhen County, exploring new path of development for facility agriculture industry. Tianzhen County was identified as one of the first batch of pilot counties for poverty alleviation through PV power generation in Shanxi Province. Supported Tianzhai County to launch the construction of the national tourism demonstration area, which received a total of 7.54 million visitors in 2016, generating total revenue of 3.01 billion yuan, and Jinzhai County was titled as county with outstanding performance in tourism industry by Anhui Province. 
(Ni Zhihao, Department of Migrant Workers’ Affairs,
Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security)
Poverty Alleviation by the Ministry of Land and Resources
【Overview】In 2016, the Ministry of Land and Resources earnestly implemented the division of labor of the“Decision of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Winning the Tough Battle against Poverty”(hereinafter referred to as the“Decision”), increased support for planning preparation, policy introduction, arrangements of project funds and the dispatch of cadres, vigorously pushed forward the poverty reduction work, made flexible use of the relevant policies, and carried out the anti-poverty work with supernormal policy and the force of the whole system.
【Special land use plan for poverty alleviation】Taking local needs for poverty reduction and ex-situ relocation into full consideration, in the adjustment and improvement of the overall planning for land use, we made overall deployments on the size, structure and layout of the construction land, and gave priority to poverty reduction, social and livelihood projects in the arrangements of land, creating conditions for poverty alleviation and development. Issued the“Adjustment Plan of the Outline of National Planning for Land Use (2016-2020)”and proposed to give priority to poverty reduction projects in the arrangements of land use. While arranging the annual targets of construction land plan, we arranged 600 mu of land use index for each of the 592 key counties for national poverty alleviation and development, and required provincial land and resources departments to strengthen the guarantee for land use of key counties for national poverty alleviation and development. 
【Linkage between urban-land taking and rural-land giving for poverty alleviation】Issued the“Notice on Making Flexible Use of the Policy of ‘Linkage between Urban-land Taking and Rural-land Giving’ to Actively Support Poverty Alleviation and Development and Ex-situ Relocation”, made clear the relevant policies on the off-site transactions of surplus index of“linkage between urban-land taking and rural-land giving”in poor area, and held in Bazhong of Sichuan the policy interpretation training to guide the local governments to make good use of relevant policies. A total of 71600 mu of surplus index was transferred among the provinces of Hebei, Shanxi, Jilin, Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, Henan, Guangxi, Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Shaanxi and Qinghai with a transfer income of 16.983 billion yuan. Practices show that the“linkage between urban-land taking and rural-land giving”played an important role in poverty alleviation and development as well as in ex-situ relocation. It has not only raised funds for the poverty-relief relocation and ensured the smooth implementation of relocation projects, but also optimized the layout of urban-rural construction land and protected cultivated land resources; in some places, through the combination of comprehensive land renovation and geological hazard prevention projects, we further strengthened the integration of funds and fundamentally improved the production and living methods in poor rural areas, welcomed by the masses and cadres of the local area. 
【Poverty alleviation through land renovation】Taking poor areas as a separate distribution factor, we increased the weight of poor areas and supported the construction of major projects such as land renovation; gave priority to poor areas in the allocation of annual subsidy funds for high-standard basic farmland construction and the distribution of new construction land compensation fee of the central government, and issued a total of 18.066 billion yuan of new construction land compensation fee of the central government for the high-standard farmland construction in 22 provinces. Through special trainings, on-site office work and the preparation of model reading materials, we guided the provincial land and resources management departments to focus on the high-standard farmland construction and give priority to poor areas in the allocation of land renovation projects and funds. While preparing the“Planning for Land Renovation during the ‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Period”, we put forward requirements for the work to be done in the next five year.
【Exploration, exploitation and utilization of mineral resources for poverty alleviation】Under the premise of protecting the ecological environment, we actively promoted the implementation of pilot projects of green mines and harmonious mining areas in poor areas and promoted the coordination between resource development and environmental protection so that the local people can share the benefits of mineral resources development. The land quality survey delineated 10.84 million mu of green selenium-rich land resources, and adjusted the planting of 8 million mu of selenium-rich agricultural products; completed the 1∶50,000 hydrogeological survey for 316800 square kilometers and constructed more than 100 underground water demonstration projects, solving the problem of safe drinking water for 22.5 million people. The popularization of the karst rocky desertification control mode obtained annual economic benefit of 20 billion yuan. The mineral geological survey promoted the transformation of the poor areas’ mineral resources advantage to the economic advantage, completed the construction of more than 350 mining areas and newly founded more than 400 mining enterprises.
【Prevention and control of land disaster and the protection of geological relics for poverty reduction】Increased the support for the construction of the comprehensive geological hazard control system in contiguous destitute areas, mainly supported the eligible super-large geological hazard control projects reported by the contiguous destitute areas, actively inspected and guided the geological hazard prevention and control and emergency rescue work in contiguous destitute areas and actively supported the construction and development of geoparks in poverty-stricken areas. The geological heritage resources survey supported the successful application of local governments for the construction of 10 national geoparks and 26 provincial geological parks to boost the development of local characteristic tourism industry. Carried out geological relics survey in contiguous destitute areas, supported the successful application of local governments for the construction of 10 national geoparks, such as the Dabashan Geopack in Sichuan, the Dabieshan Geopack in Hubei and Guide Geopack in Qinghai, and 26 provincial geological parks such as the Lichuan Yulong Dong Geopack in Hubei Province, and found more than 100 geological relic resources with important value, which have been incorporated into the list of important attractions covered by the local tourism development planning.
【Pilot reform of land and resources management for poverty alleviation】Approved the pilot program for homestead system reform in Jinzhai County of Anhui Province and Qushui County of Tibet Autonomous Region, and approved the pilot program for the reform of collective commercial construction land in Longxi County of Gansu Province. In 2016, we announced the plan on the reclamation and utilization of industrial and mining wasteland of 500,000 mu nationwide, giving priority to 18 provinces where the impoverished regions are located, actively launched the re-development of urban inefficient land in poor areas, and cooperated with NDRC in issuing the“Pilot Scheme for the Reform of Poverty Alleviation with the Returns on Development of Hydropower and Mineral Resources in Poor Areas”. 
【Intellectual poverty alleviation】To promote the effective implementation of its pro-poor policies and measures, the Ministry of Land and Resources held three pro-poor policy interpretation trainings for more than 600 cadres of the land and resources departments in poor counties, providing strong guidance for the implementation of its pro-poor policies in various regions based on local situation; and sent 17 cadres to work in Wumeng Mountain Area and the twinned poor counties in Ganzhou, providing strong guidance for the implementation of its pro-poor policies in local areas bases on actual situation. 
【Poverty alleviation in contiguous destitute areas】In May 2016, the inter-ministerial conference on the regional development and poverty reduction in Wumeng Mountain Area was convened in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province, which was attended by the representatives of 16 ministries and commissions of the State Council, 27 fixed-point poverty alleviation departments in contiguous destitute areas, the cities covered by the east-west pairing-off poverty alleviation and the city and county governments of the three provinces in the contiguous destitute areas. Coordinated the relevant offices and bureaus of 20 ministries and commissions to offer 52 support advices for the issues in need of coordination in the three provinces in contiguous destitute areas; put forward 25 feedback suggestions according to the three provinces’ demands for our support, and signed the“memorandum of cooperation on establishing contact work mechanism”with the poverty alleviation departments of the three provinces to further improve the mechanism for the liaison between ministries and provinces.
Arranged 600 mu of construction land index for each of the 38 key counties in Wumeng Mountain Area; arranged 30,000 mu of new construction land index for Liangshan Prefecture to ensure the successful implementation of major livelihood and poverty reduction projects such as the new Yijia villages and transportation projects; and opened up green channels for the preliminary review and approval of the railway, highroad and water conservancy construction projects in the contiguous destitute areas. 
Based on the index income of the“Guxu linkage project”, Gulan County and Xuyong County of Luzhou City in Sichuan Province issued the first domestic relocation project income bond of two billion yuan. Liangshan Prefecture signed the agreement on the transfer of surplus index for the“linkage between urban-land taking and rural-land giving”with Mianyang City, Deyang City and Chengdu City. Bijie City of Guizhou Province achieved the flow of surplus index of the“linkage between urban-land taking and rural-land giving”within the province with an income of 747 million yuan. 
Through the land renovation and high-standard farmland construction, the three provinces in the contiguous destitute area improved the rural production and living conditions and accelerated the development of modern characteristic agriculture. Guizhou Province launched the improvement of one mu of land for each local resident, and arranged the task of completing 35,000 mu of land renovation in Wumeng Mountain Area in 2016. Yunnan Province implemented 26 land renovation projects in Wumeng Mountain Area with a construction area of more than 230,000 mu in 2016. 
Supported the development and utilization of the dominant mineral resources to promote the transformation of resource advantages into economic advantages in the contiguous destitute area; promoted the construction of shale gas exploration and development experimental zone in southern Sichuan, established the mechanism for interest sharing between local government, enterprises and the masses in mining areas to push forward the poverty reduction in poor areas, benefiting five counties in the experimental zone, including Xuyong County of Luzhou City, etc. Through the timely transformation of the land quality geochemical survey results into the characteristic agriculture development planning, we supported the construction of selenium-rich agricultural industry bases in many areas of Pingshan County, Sichuan Province; the regional geological investigation results were transformed into outcome of the service-oriented tourism industry in a timely manner, supported the construction of geoparks in many areas of Bijie of Guizhou and Yanjin County of Yunnan; the geological survey discovered 31 mineral areas, and the hydrogeology survey served the sustainable development and utilization of local water resources.
Increased the support for the construction of the comprehensive geological hazard control system in contiguous destitute areas, mainly supported the eligible super-large geological hazard control projects reported by the contiguous destitute areas, actively inspected and guided the geological hazard prevention and control and emergency rescue work in contiguous destitute areas and actively supported the construction and development of geoparks. Relying on the Zhijindong World Geological Park in Bijie City and the Danxia National Geological Park in Chishui of Zunyi City, Guizhou Province vigorously developed geological tourism, striving to lift the surrounding poor out of poverty. 
【Overview of the fixed-point poverty alleviation】In 2016, the Ministry of Land and Resources was designated to be responsible for the fixed-point poverty alleviation in Gan County, Xingguo County, Yudu County and Ningdu County of Jiangxi Province. Taking the poverty reduction work as a new starting point, the Ministry of Land and Resources made fixed-point poverty alleviation one of its important tasks, implemented the fixed-point poverty alleviation with new thinking, new ideas, new mechanisms and new measures, supported the implementation of relevant policies and achieved good results. 
【Field research on poverty alleviation】To effectively promote the poverty reduction and understand the economic, social development status and poverty situation in Gan County, Xingguo County, Yudu County and Ningdu County, as well as these counties’ needs for anti-poverty work, the Ministry of Land and Resources arranged a total of 62 people to carry out field research in the four poor counties throughout the year of 2016. In February 2016, Minister of Land and Resources Jiang Daming and Vice Minister Zhang Delin paid a visit to nine impoverished villages and immigrants’ new villages in eight towns of Ganzhou, visited the poverty relief projects of the Ministry of Land and Resources, and delivered condolence to 12 poverty-stricken households and families that have got rid of poverty. Held the fixed-point poverty alleviation work conference in Gan County to make deployments on the poverty reduction in the new stage, and issued the“Opinions of the Ministry of Land and Resources for Further Strengthening Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation”. In order to implement the geological and mineral exploration project for fixed-point poverty alleviation, the China Geological Survey carried out a special research on the four counties. Jiangxi Provincial Department of Land and Resources organized two batches of a dozen people to carry out field survey and hold seminars in Ganzhou, mainly to support the implementation of the pro-poor policies issued by the Ministry of Land and Resources. 
【Land planning indicators for poverty reduction】As for planning guarantee, under the principle of not reducing the cultivated area and developing more scientific layout for land use, we carried out the evaluation and revisal of the overall planning for land utilization, and adjusted and increased the construction land area of the four counties to 111800 mu during the planning period (2006-2020), guaranteeing the land use of some major industrial platforms, major infrastructure, major industrial projects as well as the key projects that promote steady growth and development during the“13th Five-Year Plan”period. At the same time, breaking through the restriction of“adjustment every other year”, the Ministry of Land and Resources specially chartered the demand for land of planning revisal and the key projects in six poverty alleviation“battles”of the four counties since 2016. In terms of land use plan guarantee, we strived to guarantee the implementation of the four counties’ plans by guiding the counties to make good use of the stock construction land, arranging special land use programs, incorporating into major project scheduling and giving priorities to the four counties in the allocation of pilot projects on mild slope of low mountains and hills. In 2016, the Ministry of Land and Resources issued the special plan for the land use of 10,000 mu in the four counties, the land use of 4632 mu for national key projects and the land use of 11,000 mu for pilot projects on mild slopes of low mountains and hills.
【Linkage between urban-land taking and rural-land giving for poverty alleviation】For the first time, we successfully used the surplus index of 902.79 mu of Xingguo County and Ningdu County for off-site transactions within the province, achieving economic benefits of 150 million yuan, and effectively raised poverty relief funds to reduce funding pressure on poverty alleviation. 
【Tourism-based poverty alleviation】Provided tourism policy support for the four counties and vigorously developed the characteristic tourism to increase the income of the masses based on tourism management. First, gave priority to the key tourism projects in the allocation of construction land; second, made good use of the policy of“only expropriation, no land transfer”for the non-construction land for tourism; third, made innovations to the tourism land supply, provided land through long-term lease, land transfer after lease, and the combination of lease and transfer to reduce the land cost of tourism project development. 
【Industrial poverty alleviation】Made good use of the“two pilot projects”and the land consolidation policies to promote industrial poverty alleviation. In terms of the poverty alleviation in industrial sector, provided special policy support for the“two pilot projects”in the four counties, vigorously expand the development space of the industrial sector, and accelerated industrial expansion and upgrading. Vigorously promoted the pilot work of developing mild slope and wasteland, successively introduced industrial enterprises to boost the local economic and social development and lift the masses out of poverty. Vigorously promoted the pilot work of reclamation of mining wasteland, focused on controlling soil erosion, ecological restoration and eliminating water pollution, adhered to the principle of“flexible project arrangements based on the actual situation”, and determined the reclamation direction and suitable crops for planting based on the actual situation of each reclaimed land, including the topography, soil characteristics, environmental pollution, water source security situation, etc. 
In terms of poverty alleviation in the agricultural industry, we supported Ganzhou City to develop policies on land reclamation and the adjustment of agricultural production structure based on the actual situation. First, incorporated 17 land consolidation projects of 23,000 mu to be launched in 2016 into Guanzhou City’s program for the development of modern agriculture. Second, vigorously promoted the land development in the“Huanglong disease”disaster-affected gardens and defective forests, vigorously improved the quality of land through engineering and biological measures, effectively curbing the spread of“Huanglong disease”; and returned the improved land to the farmers for watermelon and blueberry planting, greatly reducing the loss of the fruit growing farmers, welcomed by the masses. In 2016, the four counties used this policy to complete two land development acceptance projects of 989.55 mu, and increased arable land area by 696 mu. Third, in accordance with the requirements of“project arrangements based on actual situation”, supported and encouraged the planting of tea-oil trees in the regions suitable for tea-oil tree planting, aiming to boost the development of oil-tea camellia industry. The four counties increased the farming area by 13,000 mu through land consolidation, mainly for the planting of camellia and wild vitis davidii foex, increasing the income of the local farmers engaged in planting. Fourth, vigorously promoted land consolidation and strengthened the comprehensive renovation of mountains, watersheds, farmland, forests, roads and villages. Since 2016, six projects of dryland transformation into paddy fields and land consolidation have been launched, covering a total area of 7089 mu, for which 18.7118 million yuan was issued. Vigorously promoted the project construction according to the guideline of“consolidating a land, introducing an agricultural leading enterprise, constructing an industrial base and enriching the masses of one region”and the requirements of comprehensive improvement of the mountains, watersheds, forests, roads and villages. Through land consolidation, the four counties have successively established more than 100 industrial bases of agricultural leading enterprises, directly benefiting more than 230,000 people in over 100 administrative villages of more than 40 towns. 
【Agricultural geological survey for poverty alleviation】Completed the 1∶50,000 agro-geological survey for 1∶5,000 square kilometers, covering the main arable land, orchard, tea, camellia and vegetable bases in the four counties, for which the budget funds were 122.53 million yuan. 
【Geological survey for poverty alleviation】Carried out regional geological survey of 9244 square kilometers, mineral geological survey of 18926 square kilometers and hydrogeological and geological hazards survey of 13812 square kilometers in the four counties, for which 220 million yuan of budget funds was arranged. Incorporated the 1∶50,000 mineral resources survey of Jiangkouwei and Qingxi as well as the mineral resource potential evaluation and key-problem tackling demonstration projects in the Yinkeng-Qingtang reconnaissance survey area into the“Overall Planning of Jiangxi Province for Comprehensive Geological Survey (2016-2020)”and the reconnaissance survey project of Zhangxi Polymetallic Mine in the Yanbei of Huichang County –Tongkeng of Xunwu area; launched the“1∶50,000 geological and mineral survey in Gan County-Yangbu area”, the“special map spotting and application demonstration project for reconnaissance survey of the Yinkeng-Qingtang area”, and the“evaluation of peripheral mineral resources and prediction of ore prospecting in Huameiao Tungsten Mine”with project funds of 6.3 million yuan. The Jiangxi Land Exploration Fund Center supported 18 prospecting projects for targeted poverty reduction in Gan County, Xingguo County, Yudu County and Ningdu County (City) with budget funds of 26.85 million yuan. Continued to evaluate the prospect of the rare earth in Ganzhou, continued to carry out the investigation and evaluation of the rare-earth resources of granite ionic weathering crust except those in the mining areas covered by the national rare earth planning, and carried out the survey of geothermal resources and the preparation of the geothermal exploration and exploitation planning. 
【Development of dominant mineral resources for poverty alleviation】Determined the scope of mining rights of three mines to be set up, namely the Yongfeng Maliang Rare Earth Mine in Xingguo County, the Dinglong Tianxi Rare Earth Mine in Xingguo County, and the Huangwuqian Rare Earth Mine in Ge’ao Town of Yudu County, and incorporated the planned rare-earth exploration right and mining right into the overall planning for the third round of mining resources exploration. Supported Shangping Mining Area of Tieshanlong Tungsten Mine of Jiangxi Tungsten Industry Group Co., Ltd to change the name of the enterprise and the scope of the mining area; integrated the mineral exploration rights of polymetallic survey of the Liaokeng Tungsten Mine and Wanghuayuan Copper Mine in Ningdu County of Jiangxu Province; continued the peripheral resource exploration of Jiangxi Huameiao Tungsten Mine, and launched the peripheral survey evaluation of Huameiao Tungsten Mine in Xingguo County of Jiangxi Province and the mining right project of Baishi Mountain in Gan County. 
【Prevention and control of geological disasters and the management of geological environment for poverty alleviation】Organized the preparation of schemes for the comprehensive improvement of geological environment in the abandoned rare earth concentration area in Gan County, the comprehensive improvement of geological environment in the abandoned tungsten mines of Yudu County, and the comprehensive improvement of geological environment in the abandoned tungsten mines of Xingguo County with a total investment of 65.428 million yuan. Invited Jiangxi Province Survey and Design Institute to prepare the“Scheme for the Construction of a Comprehensive Geological Disaster Control System in Ganzhou City”, and the total investment in this project is 1.368 billion yuan. 
【Targeted poverty alleviation projects】Invested 1.2 million yuan of poverty relief funds to promote the construction of targeted poverty alleviation points in Gan County, namely the land consolidation project area, and the poverty alleviation points of Xiatan, Daling and Shangdan Village, and activated the“blood-making”function of the poor households through the implementation of industrial support projects. The 30 poor households that planted stevia earned income of more than 66,000 yuan, with an income growth of more than 1,500 yuan per household. Through the planting of pollution-free vegetables, we increased the income of more than 20 poor households in Shangdan Village by 2,000 yuan per household. Nearly 100 registered poor households covered by the program shook off poverty after the project implementation. 
(Li Dongfa, Poverty Alleviation Office, Ministry of Land and Resources)
Poverty Alleviation by the Ministry of Environmental Protection
【Overview】In 2016, adhering to the guideline that“clear water and green hills are gold and silver mountains”, targeting at the old revolutionary base areas, minority areas, border regions, contiguous destitute areas and the counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation, the Ministry of Environmental Protection fulfilled the poverty alleviation and development duties, gave priority to poor areas in the implementation of rural environment improvement, ecological protection and restoration as well as ecological compensation, and accelerated the pace of poverty reduction and environmental protection to boost the green development of impoverished regions. 
【Improving the system and mechanism of environmental protection-based poverty alleviation】Set up the leading group for poverty alleviation with Minister Chen Jining as the head, set up the leading group office in the department of planning and finance, and made clear the poverty reduction duties of the member units of the leading group. Issued the“Guiding Opinions on Further Strengthening Poverty Alleviation through Environmental Protection”, developed overall planning, promoted environmental protection and poverty alleviation and development, clarified the guidelines, overall objectives and safeguard measures for strengthening environmental protection and poverty alleviation, put forward four major tasks, namely to push forward targeted poverty alleviation, to promote green development, to improve living environment and to establish long-term mechanisms, aiming to comprehensively promote the environmental protection-based poverty alleviation by the environmental protection departments in the“13th Five-Year Plan”period. 
【Comprehensive improvement of rural environment】Through the implementation of the policy of“promoting governance with awards”, promoted the relevant departments and local governments to strengthen the rural environment improvement; issued the“National‘13th Five-Year Plan’ for the Comprehensive Improvement of Rural Environment”jointly with the Ministry of Finance to ensure the realization of objective of increasing 130,000 administrative villages for comprehensive environmental improvement by 2020, covering the majority of poverty-stricken areas, improving the rural living environment. As of the end of 2016, the central government had arranged a total of 37.5 billion yuan of special funds for environmental protection in rural areas (rural energy saving funds), supported the rural environment improvement in 108,000 administrative village nationwide, focusing on the rural drinking water source protection, sewage and garbage disposal as well as livestock pollution prevention and control, introduced a series of rural environmental protection policies and technical documents, effectively solved the outstanding problem of“chaos”of rural environment, and gradually established the systems and mechanisms for rural environmental protection.
In 2016, combined with the implementation of the action plan for atmosphere, water and soil pollution control, the Ministry of Environmental Protection issued 33.777 billion yuan of special funds from the central government for air, water and soil pollution control, and incorporated contiguous destitute areas, the key counties for poverty alleviation and development, border areas and minority area into the coverage of the pollution control program, aiming at addressing the outstanding environmental problems in impoverished regions. Increased support for rural living garbage disposal, sewage treatment and livestock and poultry pollution control in poor areas, and promoted the comprehensive environmental improvement through entire village advancement. Strived to ensure the drinking water safety for the people in poverty-stricken areas, focused on the protection of drinking water source in the key watershed harness and lake environmental protection projects, carried out investigation and evaluation of the environment of drinking water source areas, issued guidelines for the protection of decentralized drinking water sources; supported the construction of environmental infrastructure in poor areas, and gave priority to poor areas in planning preparation and personnel training. 
【Ecological protection and restoration】Strengthened the control of red line for ecological protection. The General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council issued the“Several Opinions on the Delineation and Strict Adherence to the Red Line of Ecological Protection”, guided the delineation of the red line for ecological protection in poor areas, and accelerated the process of incorporating the key areas with ecological functions such as important water conservation, biodiversity protection and water and soil conservation into the red line for ecological protection. Carried out biodiversity conservation with priority given to the ecologically weak and sensitive poor areas, guided and supported the preparation of planning for the protection of priority areas, planned to select 100 poor counties for the study of various models such as alternative livelihood, green industry development, ecological tourism and genetic resources benefit sharing based on the resources conditions in different regions, aiming at promoting local poverty reduction, reducing the dependence on local wildlife resources and achieving the protection of biological diversity and poverty reduction synchronously.
【Ecological compensation mechanism】Carried out monitoring and evaluation of the ecological environment quality in the counties of key ecological protection areas, and rewarded the regions without outstanding performance and punished those with poor performance based on the assessment results. In 2016, in conjunction with the Ministry of Finance, we issued 57 billion yuan of transfer payment funds for national key ecological function areas to 728 counties, and encouraged the local governments to strengthen the protection of ecological environment. Increased transfer payments for the poor counties in key ecological areas, guided and urged poverty-stricken areas to strengthen ecological protection, accelerate the improvement of the compensation system for ecological protection, and encouraged the establishment of lateral compensation relations between the beneficiary areas and the protected areas, the downstream and the upper reaches of the basin. In 2016, we supported the implementation of pilot compensation projects for ecological protection in five inter-provincial watersheds, namely the Luanshui River-Tianjin Watershed, Xin’an River Basin, Dingjiang-Hanjiang River Basin, Dongjiang River Basin, and Jiuzhou River Basin. The relevant provinces signed the horizontal ecological compensation agreement with the upstream and downstream of the basins and made clear the objectives and responsibilities. The central government issued reward funds of 1.9 billion yuan to benefit the upstream poor areas.
【Poverty alleviation through the development of characteristic industries】Provided support for the development of characteristic industries in poor areas through the integration of regional characteristics and departmental advantages. Supported the construction of organic food production bases and organic agricultural product bases in poor areas, provided support for personnel training, plan formulation and product promotion, and promoted the development of organic food and agricultural product processing industry. Strengthened environmental access, guided the scientific and rational development of hydropower, coal, oil and gas resources in poor areas, prevent high-pollution and high-energy consumption projects from transferring to poverty-stricken areas, and the high-standard construction of industrial parks. Strengthened source prevention and pollution control, supported the construction and operation of pollution control facilities of enterprises in poverty-stricken areas, implemented cleaner production technology transformation and supported green development to achieve sustainable poverty alleviation. 
【Overview of the fixed-point poverty alleviation】In 2016, the Ministry of Environmental Protection increased support for the poverty reduction in Weichang County and Longhua County of Hebei Province. Minister of Environmental Protection Chen Jining carried out field survey in Weichang County and Longhua County, held forums and made overall deployments on the fixed-point poverty alleviation. The Leading Group Office of the Ministry of Environmental Protection continued to carry out a field survey in the two counties every other quarter in order to help solve relevant problems and difficulties. Issued the“Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation Planning of the Ministry of Environmental Protection for the‘13th Five-Year Plan’Period”, the“Division of Labor for the Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation Planning of the Ministry of Environmental Protection for the 13th Five-Year Plan Period”, the“Key Points of the Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation Work of the Ministry of Environmental Protection (2016-2017)”and the“Notice on the Participation of Party and mass organizations of the organs directly under the Ministry of Environmental Protection in the Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation”, etc., and clarified the ideas, objectives, tasks and initiatives of fixed-point poverty alleviation work of environmental protection departments, laying a foundation for the fixed-point poverty alleviation work of environmental protection departments at the current stage and in the“13th Five-Year Plan”period. 
【Investment of poverty relief funds】Increased support for capital projects. In 2016, a total of 341 million yuan of environmental protection funds was arranged for the two counties, mainly for urban sewage treatment, comprehensive regulation of water environment in river basins, waste collection, transportation and disposal, harmless treatment of fecal, prevention and control of atmospheric pollution, etc.. 
【Poverty alleviation by sending cadres】Strengthened personnel support, appointed one departmental cadres to serve as member of the standing committee and vice mayor of Chengde City, sent two division-level cadres to serve as the subprefects of the two counties, responsible for not only environmental protection but also poverty reduction, and sent one cadre to serve as the first secretary of Kezi Village in Weichang County.
【Poverty relief projects】Carried out targeted poverty reduction and established the mechanism for Party groups and the masses to work together to support poor areas. 13 poverty alleviation groups composed of Party members and ordinary people were twinned with 47 impoverished villages in the anti-poverty work. Mobilized the enthusiasm of more than 6,000 cadres and workers of environmental protection departments to implement a batch of targeted poverty reduction projects, such as the campus safe drinking water project, reading room transformation, solar street lights and the donation of clothes and other articles, etc. 
【Activities on the Poverty Alleviation Day】Strengthened the publicity and carried out propaganda activities on the Poverty Alleviation Day for two consecutive years. The“China Environment News”printed the signed papers of the ministry’s leaders and publicized the achievements in poverty reduction of the two counties. In 2016, we made propagandas themed on“Poverty Alleviation through Environmental Protection to Help Win the Tough Battle against Poverty”in environmental protection institutions. 
(Hu Ming, Department of Planning and Finance, Ministry of Environmental Protection)
Poverty Alleviation by the Ministry of Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development
【Overview】In 2016, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development (hereinafter referred to as MOHURD) earnestly implemented the spirit of the central poverty alleviation and development work conference and the deployments on winning the tough battle against poverty. The Party group attached great importance to anti-poverty work, set up the leading group for poverty alleviation with Minister Chen Zhenggao as the head, and held the conference of the leading group to make deployments on the anti-poverty work of MOHURD. To achieve the poverty reduction goals of“two no-worries and three guarantees”, we vigorously promoted the renovation of rural dilapidated buildings, the improvement of living and sanitary conditions of impoverished villages and the protection of traditional villages, and actively supported the poverty reduction work in Dabie Mountain Area and the counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation.
【Construction of poverty alleviation institutions】In March 2016, the leading group of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development for poverty alleviation was set up to be responsible for the study of relevant major issues, the formulation of important policies and the deployments of key work in poverty reduction of MOHURD. Minister of Housing and Urban-Rural Development Chen Zhenggao served as the head, chief economist Zhao Hui served as the deputy head, and relevant people from 21 departments and divisions were the members of the leading group. Under the leading group, an office was set up in the township construction department to be responsible for daily work and the organization and coordination of specific work. 
In July, Minister of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the poverty alleviation leading group head Chen Zhenggao presided over the leading group conference, listened to reports on the anti-poverty work and made overall deployments on the poverty reduction task of MOHURD. The member units were required to further enhance their understanding, make clear that the top leaders are the first responsible persons, take the poverty reduction responsibility, take poverty alleviation work as an important task, make work arrangements and establish an inverted schedule to successfully complete the renovation of dilapidated buildings of poor households, the improvement of living and sanitary conditions of impoverished villages, the fixed-point poverty alleviation and the anti-poverty work in Dabie Mountain Area, and strengthen the supervision. A total of more than 70 people attended the event, including the members and liaison officers of the MOHURD’s leading group for poverty alleviation, the units directly under MOHURD and the social groups under the administration of MOHURD, etc. 
【Pilot work of integrated use of financial funds for agriculture】Issued the“Notice on Supporting the Pilot Work of Integrated Use of Financial Funds for Agriculture in Poor Counties”, made clear the significance of the integrated use of financial funds for agriculture in poor counties, required the housing and urban-rural development departments at all levels to actively support the pilot work of integrated use of financial funds for agriculture in poor counties. MOHURD and the Ministry of Finance fully approved the integrated use of subsidy funds for the renovation of rural dilapidated buildings in pilot poor counties, authorized the pilot poor counties to approve capital projects, and allowed the integrated use of the funds in pilot poor counties for poverty reduction work. 
【Renovation of rural dilapidated buildings】MOHURD organized the provincial housing and urban-rural development departments to carry out the national rural dilapidated housing stock census and create files of household buildings, took the lead to contact LGOP and relevant departments in the work, basically made clear that a total of 5.85 million households are the key objects of dilapidated building renovation during the“13th Five-Year Plan”period, who fall into four categories, namely the registered poor households, the households receiving subsistence allowances, the destitute households scattered in the countryside and the poverty-stricken families with disabled persons (hereinafter referred to as the four kinds of key objects such as the registered poor households), providing accurate information support for solving the housing security problem of the registered poor households. 
In April 2016, MOHURD and the relevant departments such as the Ministry of Finance held the National video and telephone conference on the renovation of rural dilapidated buildings, made deployments on the renovation of rural dilapidated buildings in 2016 and during the“13th Five-Year Plan”period, focusing on the deployments for the renovation of dilapidated buildings of the registered poor households. 
In 2016, the central government issued 26.69 billion yuan of subsidy funds for renovation of rural dilapidated buildings in order to support the renovation of dilapidated buildings of 3.14 poor rural households, giving priority to four kinds of key objects such as the registered poor households, benefiting 2.21 million registered poor households. In terms of the supported areas, priorities were given to the contiguous destitute areas and the key counties for national poverty alleviation and development. On the basis of 7500 yuan subsidy per household, we continued to increase the subsidy funds by 1,000 yuan per households for the farmers in poor areas. 
The MOHURD, the Ministry of Finance and LGOP jointly issued the“Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the Renovation of Dilapidated Buildings of the Registered Poor Households”. As for the identification of the objects of financial support, it was clarified that the central government’s financial subsidy funds were mainly used to support the renovation of dilapidated buildings of four kinds of key objects such as the registered poor households. In terms of the mode of renovation.First, the local governments were required to fundamentally solve the housing security problem of the destitute households with weak capability for self-financing and labor and material investment through the construction of rural collective public rental housing, the use of idle housing, the replacement of collective housing, and the increase of subsidy funds. Second, the local governments were required to vigorously promote and consolidate the transformation mode, and transform Grade-C houses through consolidation. Third, the local governments were required to develop and promote the modern rural rammed earth houses and other low-cost rural housing technologies, save money for transformation and improve the living function.
【Improving the sanitary conditions of human settlements in poor villages】Seven departments, including the MOHURD and the National Patriotic Health Campaign Committee, jointly issued the“Guiding Opinions on Improving the Sanitary Conditions for Human Settlements in Poor Areas”, clearly put forward the sanitary standards for human settlements in poor villages, the work objectives by 2020, and the key tasks of eliminating human and livestock manure exposure, promoting the separation of human beings and livestock, improving the rural drinking water conditions, controlling the rural living garbage and enhancing the health conditions for basic living. 
The MOHURD carried out the 2016 national survey of rural residential environment in villages and established the information archives of sanitary conditions for human settlements in poor villages.
Continued to promote the treatment of rural domestic waste. The proportion of the administrative villages that have disposed domestic waste reached 65%, and this proportion of impoverished villages was 53%. 
Five departments including the Central Rural Work Leading Group Office and MOHURD issued the“Notice on the Construction of Model Villages for the Improvement of Rural Living Environment”, and clearly proposed to select and announce a batch of model villages for basic guarantee, model villages for environmental remediation and model villages with beautiful living environment every other year, for which one million yuan of subsidy funds shall be issued by the central government, including 100 model villages for basic guarantee for security, health and living. Only the contiguous destitute areas and the key counties for national poverty alleviation and development may apply for the qualification of model villages. This program was designed to guide the improvement of living and sanitary conditions in impoverished regions. 
【Traditional village protection】The MOHURD supported the contiguous destitute areas, minority areas and old revolutionary base areas to strengthen the protection of traditional villages. In 2016, the central government incorporated 502 traditional villages of poor areas into the coverage of its financial support, arranged 1.506 billion yuan of financial reward and subsidy funds to support the improvement of living environment of traditional villages in order to protect cultural heritage. 
【Poverty alleviation in contiguous destitute areas】The MOHURD actively fulfilled its duties as the liaison unit of the poverty alleviation in contiguous destitute areas, and followed up the key projects determined by the inter-ministerial joint meeting for Dabie Mountain Area. As of the end of 2016, 16 projects had been launched and five projects had been reported to the central department for approval. Coordinated the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Transport and the China Railway Corporation to incorporate the matters for which Dabie Mountain Area asked for support into the industrial planning for the“13th Five-Year Plan”period and provide support for them.
Increasing financial support. 2.334 billion yuan of central subsidy funds was arranged to support the renovation of 55700 sets of housing in shanty areas; 602 million yuan of central subsidy funds was arranged to support the renovation of dilapidated buildings of 82,000 poor households in Dabie Mountain Area. Incorporated 16 villages with important value for protection into the fourth batch of Chinese traditional villages, and provided financial aid of 99 million yuan for 33 such villages. 
Promoting the poverty alleviation by the construction industry. Strengthened policy guidance. Hubei Guangliang Construction Engineering Co., Ltd. in Tuanfeng County of Hubei Province obtained the first class qualification of general contractor of construction projects. In order to accelerate the transformation and upgrading of steel structure enterprises in Tuanfeng County, promote green construction and energy-saving emission reduction of architectures, the MOHURD approved Hubei Jingcheng Steel Structure Co., Ltd. in Tuanfeng County to carry out pilot general contracting of construction projects as a professional steel structure enterprise. As of the end of 2016, a total of 60,000 people were engaged in construction industry in Tuanfeng County, accounting for 15.79% of the total population and 1/3 of the total employees of the county, and the labor income of construction industry exceeded 3 billion yuan. Organized the relevant units to continue to implement the three-year implementation plan of Dabie Mountain Area for poverty alleviation by the construction industry; promoted Anhui Honglu Steel Structure (Group) Co., Ltd. to sign a strategic cooperation agreement with Shanhe Construction Group Co., Ltd. to jointly boost the development steel structure industry in Tuanfeng County. Supported the construction of long-term labor transfer bases in Minquan County of Henan Province, Luotian County of Hubei Province, Huangchuan County, Xin County and Luoshan County of Henan Province as well as Yuexi County of Anhui Province, transferred labors for more than 100,000 person-times and held trainings of newly employed migrant workers for more than 500,000 person-times for the local areas. 
Strengthening the construction of scenic spots to push forward local poverty alleviation. Developed the poverty reduction program for the tourist attractions in Dabie Mountain Area, focused on the field survey on the scenery resources in eight counties, namely Shangcheng County and Gushi County of Henan Province, Hong’an County and Luotian County of Hubei Province, Jinzhai County, Yuexi County, Qianshan County and Susong County of Anhui Province, completed the comprehensive evaluation of landscape resources in key surveyed areas and the preparation of proposals for the declaration of tourist attractions, and guided the relevant work in the tourist attractions to boost the poverty reduction in various counties. 
Supporting the construction of the talent team. Organized the second training course for the cadres of housing and urban-rural development departments supporting Dabie Mountain Area, held trainings of 150 principals of construction management offices in 36 county / city construction bureaus and key towns, for which 337500 million of subsidy funds was issued; sent three cadres to support local poverty reduction work in the twinned poor counties, and received one cadre from Anqing City of Anhui Province to work in the MOHURD. 
Incorporated Qianshan County of Anhui Province into the name list of national demonstration counties for rural domestic sewage treatment, incorporated Shou County of Anhui Province into the name list of eight counties (cities) for“multiple plans integration”, and gave guidance to their work. 
【Overview of the fixed-point poverty alleviation】The MOHURD was designated to be responsible for the fixed-point poverty alleviation in Hong’an County and Macheng City of Hubei Province, Huangzhong County and Datong Hui and Tu Autonomous County of Qinghai Province (hereinafter referred to as“the four counties /cities”). Based on the full docking with the four counties /cities, the MOHURD issued the“Notice of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development on Promoting the Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation in the ‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Period”, which made clear eight specific aid measures, including supporting the renovation of dilapidated buildings of the registered poor households, supporting the improvement of living and sanitary conditions in impoverished villages, providing appropriate employment opportunities for the registered poor, donating funds to support the targeted poverty alleviation of the registered poor, subsidizing the families living in poverty due to high education expenditure, helping to expand sales channels of agricultural products, selecting and sending cadres for poverty relief work, and increasing the support of housing and urban-rural development departments. 
【Investment of poverty relief funds】In 2016, the MOHURD issued a total of 553 million yuan to promote the poverty reduction in the four counties (cities), of which 423 million yuan was subsidy funds of the central government used for the transformation of 14800 sets of housing in shanty towns; arranged central subsidy funds of 112 million yuan to support the renovation of dilapidated buildings of 13200 poor rural households; arranged 12 million yuan to support the protection and development of four Chinese traditional villages, and donated 5.6 million yuan for targeted poverty alleviation. 
【Field research on poverty alleviation】In 2016, the chief economist of MOHURD and deputy head of the MOHURD’s leading group for poverty alleviation Zhao Hui headed an investigation group to carry out field surveys on the fixed-point poverty alleviation in Hong’an County and Macheng City for three times, made propagandas on the central government’s pro-poor policies, guided the development of fixed-point poverty alleviation planning and the implementation of specific tasks, pushed forward the implementation of the measures for fixed-point poverty alleviation, and sent condolence to the registered poor households. Deputy head of the Village and Town Department and LGOP deputy director general Lu Yingfang led a research group to carryout field survey on the fixed-point poverty alleviation in Huangzhong County and Datong County, and promoted the implementation of fixed-point poverty alleviation measures such as the poverty reduction through PV power generation. 
【Targeted support】Organized and mobilized the units and social groups under its administration to donate funds for the poverty reduction of the registered poor in the four counties (cities). China Academy of Urban Planning and Design donated 3 million yuan to support the targeted poverty alleviation in Datong County, Hong’an County and Macheng City. China Construction Industry Press donated one million yuan to support the targeted poverty alleviation in Huangzhong County. China Real Estate Association donated one million yuan for the poverty reduction through photovoltaic power generation, and installed 5kw equipment for poverty reduction through photovoltaic power generation for each of the 40 registered poor households in Xuelihe Village, Qinglin Town, Datong County, achieving stable income growth of more than 6,000 yuan per household per year. 
Organized and subsidized the warmth-delivery activities for the college students from registered poor households in the four counties (cities), and raised a total of 370900 yuan of aid funds from 58 units and 2721 cadres and workers. Seven comrades applied for one-for-one subsidies. So far, a total of 120,000 yuan has been donated to Hong’an County and Macheng City, mainly to subsidize the college students from 40 registered poor households and the destitute families. 
【Industrial poverty alleviation】Organized relevant experts of China Academy of Urban Planning and Design to carry out investigations into the landscape resources in Hong’an County of Hebei Province, and completed the comprehensive evaluation and the proposal for scenic area declaration. Incorporated 14 eligible villages of the four counties (cities) into the fourth batch of Chinese traditional villages; organized more than 70 experts and professional technical personnel to help find problems in the development of the chrysanthemum industry in Macheng City, Hubei Province, and recommended the research group led by Professor Chen Fadi of Nanjing Agricultural University to give follow-up guidance.
【Improving the environment of human settlements】Guided the four counties (cities) to improve the environment of human settlements, supported the disposal of rural household garbage in Hong’an County and the demonstrative elimination of fecal exposure in Datong County. 
【Poverty alleviation by sending cadres】Sent four cadres to work in the four counties (cities). Three of them served as the subprefects and one as the deputy head of the county bureau of housing and urban-rural development, promoting the local poverty alleviation work. 
【Poverty alleviation trainings】Organized the cadres of the four counties (cities) to receive relevant trainings held in Dabieshan Mountain Area, and arranged four free training places for the four counties (cities) independently in the national advanced seminar on professional technical personnel. 
(Zhao Yanan, Li Shuyun, Ministry of Housing and Urban-rural Development)
Poverty Alleviation by the Ministry of Transport
【Overview】In 2016, the Party group of Ministry of Transport attached great importance to poverty alleviation, made overall deployments for the work, combined the leading group for poverty alleviation and development with the leading group for rural highroad construction, and set up the ministry’s leading group of poverty alleviation and development and rural highroad construction. Earnestly implemented the spirit General secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping’s important instructions on poverty reduction and“four-good rural roads”, further implemented the spirit of the central poverty alleviation and development work conference and the requirements of the“Decision of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Winning the Tough Battle against Poverty”, adhered to targeted poverty alleviation, effectively increased efforts on anti-poverty work, and promoted the traffic-based poverty alleviation, the fixed-point poverty alleviation, the counterpart support for Anyuan County and the contacts with Liupan Mountain Area for poverty reduction.
【Poverty alleviation through traffic construction】In 2016, taking the 1177 counties (cities) in the old revolutionary base areas, minority areas, border areas and poor areas as the main battlefield, the Ministry of Transport accelerated the implementation of the“Planning for Poverty Alleviation through Transport Development During the ‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Period”vigorously accelerated the construction of transportation infrastructure in poor areas, improved the quality and safety level of rural roads and promoted the healthy development of rural passenger and freight transport to provide a solid transportation guarantee for the construction of a comprehensive well-off society in the poverty-stricken areas and the whole country. In 2016, more than 130 billion yuan of vehicle purchase tax funds were arranged to support the infrastructure improvement in 1177 counties in the old revolutionary base areas, minority areas, border areas and poor areas, including the improvement and construction of 7200 kilometers of expressways, 18900 kilometers of ordinary national and provincial highroads (including those under construction), 104,000 kilometers of town and village-reaching hardened roads, and the construction of 57 county-level passenger stations, 264 township comprehensive passenger service stations and the 35,000 kilometers of rural highroads safety and life protection project, the transformation of 2229 rural dangerous bridges, the renovation of 21,000 kilometers of narrow roadbed and road surface, and the construction of 6300 kilometers of tourist roads, industrial roads and resource roads, solving the highroad problem of 65 towns, 10200 administrative villages and 5100 new administrative villages based on village abolishing and merging. By the end of 2016, asphalt (cement) roads have been built for 98% of the towns and 93.3% of the administrative villages in the old revolutionary base areas, minority areas, border areas and poor areas, 
According to“Report on the Work of the Government (2016)”, the Ministry of Transport completed the two tasks of“building 200,000 kilometers of rural highroads”and“investing 1.65 trillion yuan in highroad construction”. The Ministry of Transport attached great importance to the anti-poverty work, developed the capital plan, made clear the list of projects, fully promoted the implementation of the project, and decomposed the targets. The Ministry of Transport issued the“Notice on the Decomposition and Implementation of the Tasks of Building 200,000 kilometers of Rural Highroads and Investing 1.65 Trillion Yuan in Highroad Construction Assigned by Report on the Work of the Government (2016)”, decomposed the tasks, supervised and accelerated the work jointly with the implementation of the annual key tasks, urged provincial governments to decompose the tasks, establish accounts, develop inverted schedule, implement the responsibility and report the work monthly. Throughout the year, the Ministry of Transport newly built 299,000 kilometers of rural highroads and invested 1.798 trillion yuan of fixed assets in highroad construction. 
Implemented the requirements of Chairman of the CPPCC National Committee Yu Zhengsheng’s instructions on supporting the poverty reduction among the minorities and among the nationalities that transact directly from a primitive society to a socialist society across several social forms, carried out special field research and related study of supporting policies jointly with the State Ethnic Affairs Commission. In accordance with the division of labor of LGOP, the Ministry of Transport took the lead to accomplish one task and cooperated in implementing five tasks assigned by the No.1 Central Document (2016). Participated in the preparation of No.1 Central Document (2017) and incorporated the“four-good rural roads”- related contents into the document. In accordance with the unified deployment of the State Council Leading Group of Poverty Alleviation and Development, in January 2016, jointly with LGOP, we carried out publicity and field research on the spirit of the central poverty alleviation and development work conference in Hubei Province; in October, jointly with the All-China Federation of Trade Union, we went to Tibet to supervise and inspect the annual anti-poverty work. 
【Construction of poverty alleviation mechanism】Implemented the spirit of the central poverty alleviation and development work conference and the requirements of the“Decision of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Winning the Tough Battle against Poverty”, issued the“Planning for Poverty Alleviation through Transport Development During the ‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Period”and determined the programme of action and the road map. Signed the agreements on poverty alleviation through transport development with 24 provincial people’s governments and made clear the objectives, requirements, construction scale, construction standards and provincial support policies so as to ensure the smooth implementation of the plan. The Ministry of Transport, the National Development and Reform Commission and LGOP jointly issued the“Opinions on Giving Further Play to the Basic Supporting Role of Transport-based Poverty Alleviation in the Key-problem Tackling for Poverty Reduction”, held a teleconference on poverty alleviation through transport development to jointly accelerate the realization of“double hundred project”target of the poverty reduction through transport infrastructure construction. Revised and improved the“Management Approaches on Supporting Rural Highroad Construction with Central Vehicle Purchase Tax Investment Subsidies”, organized the revisal of the“Management Approaches for Rural Highroad Construction”, and organized the preparation of the“Measures for the Supervision and Assessments of ‘Four-good Rural Roads’”to accelerate the improvement of the rural highroad system and further enhance the level of meticulous management. 
【Poverty alleviation in contiguous destitute areas】In 2016, the Ministry of Transport continued to push forward the poverty reduction work in Liupan Mountain Area, arranged 12.45 billion yuan of vehicle purchase tax funds to support the transformation and construction of 742 kilometers of expressways, 1339 kilometers of ordinary national and provincial freeways and about 3500 kilometers of rural highroads; provided counterpart support for the poverty reduction in Anyuan County of Gannan City, formulated the work plan (2016-2017) for the counterpart support for Anyuan County, further clarified the key points of the work, enhanced the relevant work’s directivity and operability; and carried out poverty alleviation through all kinds of education and training activities in the western regions and the Liupan Mountain Area. 
【Financial poverty alleviation】The Ministry of Transport, the Agricultural Development Bank of China and the China Development Bank jointly carried out the field research on poverty alleviation through transport development, focusing on the study of matters related to promoting PSL loans and supporting traffic-based poverty reduction through development-oriented finance. In February 2016, the Ministry of Transport and the Agricultural Development Bank of China jointly issued the“Notice on Making Good Use of Mortgage Supplemental Loan Funds to Support the Construction of Rural Roads”; in August, the Ministry of Transport and the China Development Bank jointly issued the“Opinions on Giving Play to the Role of Development-oriented Finance to Promote the Poverty Alleviation through Transport Development”. Giving full play to the advantages of the transport sector in organization and coordination and the advantages of the Agricultural Development Bank of China and the China Development Bank in long- and medium-term investment and financing, we actively strived for PSL loans of the Agricultural Development Bank of China and the prime rate funds of the China Development Bank to relieve the pressure of financing on local governments. 
【Poverty alleviation in contiguous destitute areas】In 2016, the Ministry of Transport actively supported the work of the liaison units of contiguous destitute areas, steadily pushed forward the implementation of the planning for poverty alleviation through transport development in the contiguous destitute areas, supported the contiguous destitute areas to accelerate the construction of the safe and convenient traffic network characterized by“external connection, village and town reaching, regular bus to villages”. Promoted the inter-ministerial liaison work for poverty alleviation in Luoxiao Mountain Area, Yanshan-Taihang Mountain Area, Yunnan-Guangxi-Guizhou Rocky Mountain Area, Dabie Mountain Area, Wuling Mountain Area, Lvliang Mountain Area, border area of Yunnan and Wumeng Mountain Area in cooperation with the LGOP, the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Water Resources, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-rural Development, the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, the National Health and Family Planning Commission, the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Land and Resources, and attended the inter-ministerial joint meetings of the relevant contiguous destitute areas to help solve problems in the development of traffic in contiguous destitute areas. 
【Overview of the fixed-point poverty alleviation】The Ministry of Transport was designated to be responsible for the fixed-point poverty alleviation in Rangtang County, Xiaojin County, Heishui County and Seda County of Sichuan Province. In 2016, the Ministry of Transport earnestly implemented the spirit of the central poverty alleviation and development work conference and the central units’ fixed-point poverty alleviation work conference and, focusing on the poverty reduction in the four counties and the great-lead-forward development of the Tibetan areas, took the fixed-point poverty alleviation as a major task to guarantee and improve people’s livelihood. Party secretary Yang Chuantang of the Ministry of Transport and the Minister of Transport Li Xiaopeng held a number of conferences on the fixed-point poverty alleviation work. Vice Minister Dai Dongchang carried out field survey on the fixed-point poverty alleviation in Aba Tibet and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture (hereinafter referred to as Aba Prefecture) in May, held talks with the poor and local village cadres and strived to find out the causes of poverty and develop pro-poor measures jointly with them. A total of six cadres were sent to work in the poor areas as a poverty alleviation liaison group. 
【Investment of poverty relief funds】In 2016, a total of 37 fixed-point poverty alleviation projects were arranged, of which 36 were newly built projects, involving 18 highroads of 188.6 kilometers, 18 independent bridges of 982 linear meters and one continued project. A total of 329.773 million yuan was invested in the projects.
【Construction of poverty alleviation system】In order to further promote the fixed-point poverty alleviation, on the basis of the“Program of Aba Prefecture for Poverty Alleviation through Transport Development (2009-2020)”, the Ministry of Transport formulated the“Work Plan of the Ministry of Transport for Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation (2016-2020)”. Expanded the construction contents of poverty alleviation through transport development, gave more priorities to the fixed-point poverty alleviation in the allocation of funds, expanded the internal measures from traffic-based fixed-point poverty alleviation projects to the whole transport system, and expanded the external measures from donation of funds and goods to industrial support and capacity building. The Aba Poverty Alleviation Liaison Group of the Ministry of Transport strictly implemented the regulations on project construction and industry management, promoted the project progress reporting based on the actual situation and strengthened the engineering supervision and liaison, etc. In the early stage, construction and completion stages of the project, through text review, on-site inspection and information reporting, we were strict in controlling the project quality, safety and progress as well as the environmental protection and capital investment, covering all the 37 poverty relief projects in the four counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation, aiming to ensure that the poverty relief projects will become safe, durable and harmonious livelihood projects. 
【Poverty alleviation trainings】Paying attention to the combination between poverty alleviation and intellectual support, through education and trainings as well as scientific research, we constantly enhanced the management level and soft power for development of the transport sector. In May, the Management Cadre Institute of the Ministry of Transport organized in Beijing the seventh training course of management cadres in the field of transport in Aba Prefecture with the theme of discipline inspection and financial audit. A total of 41 people attended the event, mainly representatives of the prefecture and county-level transport departments. In conjunction with Aba Transport Bureau, we organized the training course themed on traffic planning and traffic-based poverty alleviation in Wenchuan, which was attended by 50 people; coordinated Beijing Jiaotong University to launch the“college to undergraduate”education of 43 full-time employees of the transport sector in Aba Prefecture; assisted Aba Prefecture Transport Bureau in two studies, namely the highroad network planning for travelling in Aba Prefecture, and the planning and design of road signs and names, and drafted the research report on the development idea of rural logistics in Aba Prefecture to provide scientific and technological support for the development of transport in Aba Prefecture. 
【Industrial poverty alleviation】The poverty alleviation liaison group of the Ministry of transport actively developed the  mode of“transportation + industry”, and gave priority to the roads that play an important role in boosting the development of tourism, agriculture, animal husbandry, commerce and other industries in poverty-stricken counties in the allocation of and planning for traffic projects. Head of the liaison group Yang Huaxiong was responsible for the business work, successively introduced the investment of the world’s top 500 enterprises such as China Resources Power Holdings Co., Ltd. and the Pacific Construction Group LLC, and the agreed investment exceeded 20 billion yuan. Organized the preparation and implementation of the“Action Plan for E-commerce Development in Aba Prefecture during the ‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Period”to promote the implementation of industrial poverty alleviation. 
【Social poverty alleviation】Contacted the units subordinated to the Ministry of Transport as well as some social forces to donate money and materials worth nearly one million yuan. China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation and Didid Company respectively donated bags and stationery worth of 100,000 yuan; the occupation qualification center and the planning and research institute of the Ministry of Transport respectively donated 100 thousand yuan to help the needy students and poor workers in the transport sector; the Didi Company and Guangzhou Port Group Co., Ltd. respectively donated 400 thousand yuan and 100 thousand yuan to needy students, etc.. The Didi Company signed an agreement with the Aba Education Foundation for the donation of a total of 2 million yuan in five years for needy students in Aba Prefecture. 
【Poverty alleviation through party building】Taking the 80th Anniversary of the Victory of the Red Army’s Long March as an opportunity, relying on the red education resources of the Long March Cadre College of Aba Prefecture and the“Snow Mountain and Grassland”, the units subordinated to the Ministry of Transport carried out the grassroots learning, education and training activities in Aba Prefecture. The Party School of the Ministry of Transport carried out field survey on the Long March Cadre College and on-site teaching centers in Aba Prefecture, and reached a consensus with Aba Prefecture for the Party school to send cadres to hold training courses in Aba. The“two excellent”representatives of Planning Institute of the Ministry of Transport carried out the grassroots learning activities of Party branches in Aba Prefecture, participated in the party members education activities of the Long March Cadre College, and achieved good results. 
(Wang Zhong, Poverty Alleviation Office of the Ministry of Transport) 
Poverty Alleviation by the Ministry of Water Resources
【Overview】In 2016, the Ministry of Water Resources attached great importance to poverty alleviation through water conservancy construction, issued the“Work Plan of the Ministry of Water Resources on Poverty Alleviation and Development through Water Conservancy Construction in 2016”, innovated and improved the work mechanism, steadily pushed forward industrial poverty alleviation, fixed-point poverty alleviation, contact with contiguous destitute areas, counterpart support, construction of old revolutionary base areas, and the“five-in-one”poverty alleviation through water conservancy construction, comprehensively promoted the reform and development of water conservancy in poor areas, and focused on the construction of major water conservancy projects, rural drinking water safety consolidation and enhancement projects, farmland and water conservancy facilities, flood control and drought mitigation, soil and water conservation and ecological construction projects, rural small hydropower projects and relocation projects for poverty alleviation, achieving remarkable results in the reform and development of water conservancy in poor areas. In 2016, a total of 50.27 billion yuan of funds for water conservancy construction was planned to be issued to 832 poor counties, of which 34.03 billion yuan was from the central government, addressing the drinking water safety consolidation problem of 4.26 million registered poor people. Launched 89 reservoir sluice reinforcement projects in poor areas, supported the construction of 49 medium-sized reservoirs in the poverty-stricken areas of five southwest provinces and the construction of 117 small reservoirs in the central and western poor areas; supported the harness of more than 500 medium and small rivers in more than 330 poor counties; arranged for the digging of 1174 drought-resisting wells and the construction of 548 water diversion projects; launched 64 construction and water-saving transformation projects of large irrigation areas and 29 projects of renewing and transforming large irrigation and drainage pumping stations; issued 3.17 billion yuan of central government investment for water and soil conservation, covering 848400 poor people, 1831 impoverished villages and 432 poor counties; issued central government subsidy funds of 7.2 billion yuan for small farmland and water conservancy projects in poor areas, of which 4.1 billion yuan was for“five small water conservancy projects”, covering 489 poor counties; arranged 300 million yuan for the construction of rural small hydropower stations, constructed poverty-relief power stations with installed capacity of 74300 kw, benefiting 20,000 registered poor households; arranged 6 billion yuan of poverty-relief funds for poverty reduction of 455 poor counties, lifting 330,000 registered immigrants out of poverty; and gave further play to role of water conservancy in supporting and guaranteeing the regional economic and social development and poverty reduction in poor areas. 
【Construction of poverty alleviation mechanism and system】In order to promote the water conservancy-based poverty alleviation work during the“13th Five-Year Plan”period, the Ministry of Water Resources adhered to problem-oriented and target-oriented policy and earnestly carried out the top-level design of water conservancy-based poverty alleviation; improved the planning system; organized the preparation of and issued the“Special Planning for National Water Conservancy-based Poverty Alleviation during the ‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Period”. The Ministry of Water Resources and the Chongqing Municipal People’s Government jointly issued the“Work Plan of the Ministry of Water Resources for Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation”, and the Ministry of Water Resources, the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People’s Government, the Guizhou Provincial People’s Government and the Yunnan Provincial People’s Government jointly issued the“Overall Implementation Plan for Water Conservancy-based Poverty Alleviation in the Rocky Desertification Areas of Yunnan, Guangxi and Guizhou (2016-2020)”. These two documents provide specific arrangements on the key work, project allocation and financial aid of the water conservancy-based poverty alleviation work during the“13th Five-Year Plan”period. Improved the policy system. In February 2016, the Ministry of Water Resources and the China Development Bank jointly issued the“Opinions on Strengthening Financial Support for Water Conservancy-based Poverty Alleviation”; in April, the Ministry of Water Resources, the National Development and Reform Commission (hereinafter referred to as the“NDRC”), the Ministry of Finance and LGOP jointly issued the“Guiding Opinions on the Poverty Alleviation of Immigrants in Reservoir Regions”; in May, the Ministry of Water Resources and the NDRC jointly issued the“Implementation Plan for the Pilot Small Hydropower Projects in Rural Areas”; in August, the Ministry of Water Resources and LGOP jointly issued the“Guiding Opinions on the Action of Poverty Alleviation and Development through Water Conservancy Construction”; in September, the Ministry of Water Resources issued the“Notice on Docking with the Registered Poor with Drinking Water Problem As Required by LGOP”. 
In accordance with the requirements for targeted poverty alleviation, the Ministry of Water Resources constantly improved the work mechanism, continued to carry out the demand investigation, project reserves, preferential financial aid, statistical analysis and evaluation of water conservancy-based poverty alleviation, further enhancing the accuracy and effectiveness of poverty alleviation through water conservancy construction; timely issued documents and carried out investigations into the demands of the water conservancy construction during the “13th Five-Year Plan”period to provide a foundation for the preparation of the“Special Planning for National Water Conservancy-based Poverty Alleviation in the ‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Period”. As for project reserves, the Ministry of Water Resources seriously organized the local governments to earnestly prepare the water conservancy-based poverty alleviation project library for three-year rolling management and strengthen the preliminary work. In terms of investment, we actively coordinated the relevant ministries and local governments to invest in water conservancy construction and give priority to the annual investment and projects of poor areas to ensure the smooth implementation of water conservancy infrastructure projects in poor areas. As for statistical analysis, the Ministry of Water Resources prepared and issued the“Statistics Report System for Poverty Alleviation through Water Conservancy Construction (Trial)”, organized the development of the statistics system of water conservancy-based poverty alleviation, actively contacted LGOP about the water conservancy demands such as drinking water and irrigation demands of the registered poor villages, poor households and poor population across the country, and collected relevant data of poverty to lay a foundation for targeted poverty alleviation through water conservancy construction. In terms of evaluation, the Ministry of Water Resources issued the“Implementation Plan for the Assessment of Water Conservancy-based Poverty Alleviation in 2016”, organized the assessment of water conservancy-based poverty alleviation in 22 provinces as well as the results announcement, strengthened the use of assessment results, gave full play to the role of assessment as a baton, and guided local governments to further strengthen key problem tackling for poverty alleviation through water conservancy construction. 
【Poverty alleviation in contiguous destitute areas】The Ministry of Water Resources and the State Forestry Administration took the lead to promote the regional development and poverty reduction in the rocky desertification areas of Yunnan, Guangxi and Guizhou. In April 2016, the Ministry of Water Resources and the State Forestry Administration held in Anhui City of Guizhou Province the work conference on the regional development and poverty alleviation in the rocky desertification areas of Yunnan, Guangxi and Guizhou. In order to further play the industrial advantages and accelerate the reform and development of water conservancy in the contiguous destitute areas, the Ministry of Water Resources and the State Tobacco Monopoly Administration jointly issued“Opinions on Strengthening the Water Conservancy Construction in Tobacco Areas to Promote the Poverty Reduction in the Rocky Desertification Areas of Yunnan, Guangxi and Guizhou”, and determined to issue 2 billion yuan of water conservancy construction funds to the three provinces every year. The Ministry of Water Resources and the Guizhou provincial government jointly issued the“Guiding Opinions on the Construction of Demonstration Zones for Targeted Water Conservancy-based Poverty Alleviation in the Rocky Desertification Areas of Anshun City”. The Ministry of Water Resources, the People’s Government of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, the People’s Government of Guizhou Province and the People’s Government of Yunnan Province formulated the“Overall Planning for the Implementation of Water Conservancy-based Poverty Alleviation in the Rocky Desertification Areas of Yunnan, Guangxi and Guizhou (2016-2020)”. In 2016, the Ministry of Water Resources held the special training on supporting Guizhou in water conservancy-based poverty alleviation in the rocky desertification areas of Yunnan, Guangxi and Guizhou, the water-saving irrigation training for characteristic agriculture in poor rocky desertification areas of Guangxi, the training of county / city water conservancy bureau heads (Yunnan, Guangxi and Guizhou), and the capacity building training for the talents in the field of water conservancy in rocky desertification areas of Yunnan for 406 person-times, effectively enhancing the comprehensive quality and public service capacity of grassroots talents in the field of water conservancy. In conjunction with relevant departments, the Ministry of Water Resources issued 7.24 billion yuan of water conservancy construction funds to 80 counties in contiguous destitute areas, addressing the rural drinking water safety consolidation problem of 555700 registered poor households; arranged five large irrigation area construction and water-saving transformation projects, constructed 39 medium-sized reservoirs and three pilot small hydropower projects with installed capacity of 9400 kw in rural areas, benefiting 5287 registered poor households. Over the past year, more than 150 billion yuan of poverty relief funds was issued to the contiguous destitute areas, and the regional development and poverty reduction work in the contiguous destitute areas were accelerated. The traffic and water conservancy-based infrastructure were improved, the poverty alleviation industry with base construction and park construction as the core was further expanded, the ecological governance with the development of forestry industry, soil and water conservation and rural environment improvement as the core was further accelerated, and the livelihood protection with the improvement of public services and social security system as the core was further enhanced, and good results were achieved in the poverty reduction of the contiguous destitute areas. A total of 860,000 people in the contiguous destitute areas shook off poverty, the rural poverty rate fell to 11.96%, and the per capita disposable income of the poverty-stricken population reached 8212 yuan, up 9.7% over 2015. 
【Intellectual poverty alleviation】In order to enhance the“blood-making”capacity of poor areas, the Ministry of Water Resources increased efforts on cadre dispatch for poverty reduction. Through the counterpart support for Tibet and Qinghai, the fixed-point poverty alleviation and the support for local water conservancy construction, the Ministry of Water Resources sent 22 cadres (including five department directors, 16 division-level heads and one cadre below division level) to Chongqing, Tibet and Qinghai and implemented the program of targeted support by talents. Formulated, issued and implemented the“National Planning for Water Conservancy Talents Construction in the ‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Period”, took it as one of the key projects to accelerate the talents development in poor areas, implemented three counterpart support plans, namely the targeted intellectual support, targeted technical support and targeted talent cultivation plan for the poor areas; held 23 water conservancy trainings of grassroots professional technical and management personnel for more than 1800 person-times for the contiguous destitute areas in Xinjiang, minority areas of Tibet, Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Jiangxi and Chongqing; coordinated and promote the Yushu Prefectural government to sign a talent cultivation agreement with Shaanxi Yangling Vocational and Technical College, and strengthened the technical assistance through the“order-oriented”cultivation mode of“targeted enrollment, class teaching, and employment orientation after graduation”. Organized watershed institutions and subordinated research institutes to help solve key technical problems and difficulties in water conservancy project construction and management in poor areas so as to accelerate the preliminary work of local water conservancy construction. Strengthened the popularization and application of water conservancy technology. In the poverty-stricken areas of Xinjiang, Gansu, Yunnan, Chongqing and Guizhou, we actively promoted the extension and demonstration of advanced practical water conservancy technologies in southwest mountainous areas, such as the low consumption water-saving irrigation technology and the jujube micro-irrigation technology for arid area. 
【Activities on the Poverty Alleviation Day】The Ministry of Water Resources responded positively and made propagandas on the Poverty Alleviation Day; issued the“Implementation Plan of the Ministry of Water Resources for the Activities on the Poverty Alleviation Day in 2016”, and conscientiously organized and implemented“six activities”, achieving good results. First, actively participated in the relevant activities of the state. Vice Minister of Water Resources Zhou Xuewen attended the national conference on the commendation of advanced units and individuals in poverty alleviation. Director General Tang Chuanli of the Reservoir Emigrant Development Bureau of the Ministry of Water Resources took part in the seminar on studying General secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping’s strategic thinking on poverty alleviation and development and delivered one paper to the event. Second, held academic exchange conference for targeted poverty alleviation through water conservancy construction. Through the annual meeting platform of China Institute of Water Conservancy, the Ministry of Water Resources held the academic exchange conference for targeted poverty alleviation through water conservancy construction and collected a total of 85 papers on poverty alleviation through water conservancy construction, of which 59 were incorporated into the“Collected Papers of 2016 Academic Conference of China Institute of Water Conservancy”and 10 were titled as excellent paper by China Institute of Water Conservancy. Third, carried out field research and the warmth-delivery activity. The Ministry of Water Resources and eight central state organs carried out the social practice activity of“root in grassroots areas”in Dege County of Ganzi Prefecture, Sichuan Province, and Xixiu District of Anshun City, Guizhou Province, focusing on the research of poverty alleviation through water conservancy construction. During the activities of the“Poverty Alleviation Day”, the relevant organs and directly affiliated units of the Ministry of Water Resources donated a total of 1.62 million yuan to subsidize the needy families and students in the counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation. Also, we issued the“Collected Research Reports on Poverty Alleviation through Water Conservancy Construction (2016)”for local governments to study. Fourth, held forums on poverty alleviation through water conservancy construction. On October 17, the leading group office of poverty alleviation of the Ministry of Water Resources held a forum on poverty alleviation through water conservancy construction, conveyed the spirit of the national conference on the commendation of advanced units and individuals in poverty reduction, and the spirit of the important instructions given by central leaders such as Xi Jinping and Li Keqiang, announced the results of the poverty alleviation through water conservancy construction since 2016 and the work plan for the next step, and talked about how to strengthen publicity on poverty alleviation through water conservancy construction. Fifth, actively made propagandas on the Poverty Alleviation Day. Organized various publicity activities in all kinds of forms to create a good social atmosphere, made propagandas of poverty alleviation through water conservancy construction on the electronic signs of the main office building of the organs affiliated to the Ministry of Water Resources, the newspapers on water resources, websites of water resources departments and the WeChat public press of poverty alleviation through water conservancy construction. Organized reporters to carry out field research in ten provinces including Hebei, Hunan, Chongqing and Guizhou to reflect the good thinking, good practices and good models of targeted poverty alleviation through water conservancy construction from various perspectives, and published the“Targeted Poverty Alleviation through Water Conservancy Construction”. 
【Poverty alleviation publicity】Strengthened the publicity of poverty alleviation through water conservancy construction to create a strong atmosphere for the whole industry and the whole system to actively participate in and support the work of poverty alleviation through water conservancy construction. First, strengthened publicity. Organized the central media to carry out field research on the water conservancy-based poverty alleviation in Bijie and Tongren of Guizhou Province, and published a series of vivid, authoritative and profound reports. Second, made full use of the internal media platform. Made propagandas through water conservancy newspaper and websites. China Water Resources News opened up the special column of“targeted poverty alleviation to improve people’s livelihood”, which published 135 reports on poverty alleviation through water conservancy construction. The magazine of China Water Resources opened up the special column of“Poverty Alleviation through Water Conservancy Construction”to publish articles on theoretical study and introduction of the practices and experience of water conservancy-based poverty alleviation; the website of the Ministry of Water Resources published 754 reports on poverty alleviation through water conservancy construction. Third, made active propagandas through new media and briefings. Created the WeChat public press of“poverty alleviation and development through water conservancy construction”, opened up a number of special columns such as poverty alleviation news, key problem tackling records and focusing on poverty alleviation, which are renewed once or twice a week with nearly 100 articles printed, developed 23 briefings on poverty alleviation through water conservancy construction, and submitted 12 reports on poverty alleviation work, including five adopted by LGOP. 
【Fixed-point poverty alleviation】In 2016, the Ministry of Water Resources continued to be responsible for the fixed-point poverty alleviation work in Chengkou County, Wuxi County, Fengdu County and Wulong County of Chongqing City. Four counterpart support work teams were set up under the leadership of four organs and departments, participated by 62 divisions, bureaus and units directly under the Ministry of Water Resources, and 11 cadres were sent to work in the poor counties. The Ministry of Water Resources and the Chongqing Municipal Government jointly issued the“Work Plan of the Ministry of Water Resources for Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation”. Giving full play to the advantages of water conservancy departments, based on the actual situation of the poor counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation, targeting at the registered poor households, the Ministry of Water Resources made innovations to the aid methods, developed overall planning for resources allocation, effectively increased financial inputs, intellectual support, technical services and the information and policy guidance, focused on the construction of eight fixed-point poverty alleviation projects, namely the rural drinking water safety consolidation and upgrading, support for one thousand ponds of 10,000 mu of characteristic industries, water source protection for small reservoirs, industry support for poor households, employment transfer skills training for the poor, technical assistance for water conservancy construction, and professional technical talents training, and strived to achieve the accurate arrangements of aid projects, effective use of relief funds and effective implementation aid measures. In February, the Ministry of Water Resources held the work forum on fixed-point poverty alleviation and counterpart support. Minister of Water Resources Chen Lei attended and addressed the meeting. 
In 2016, a total of 610 million yuan was invested in the“eight projects”, and the Ministry of Water Resources actively coordinated China Development Bank, Agricultural Development Bank of China and other financial agencies to promote the implementation of preferential policies for water conservancy construction in the four counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation. In 2016, China Development Bank and the Agricultural Development Bank of China issued a total of 4.05 billion yuan of project loans for the four poor counties. China Development Bank sent poverty relief financial service personnel and donated poverty relief funds to the four counties to effectively solve the funding problem of key projects and support the poverty reduction work in the poor counties. We have completed 447 projects for the safety and consolidation of rural drinking water, solved the problem of drinking water for 99600 poor people; completed the construction of 799 mountain ponds, started the construction of 12 small reservoirs, increased, recovered and improved irrigation area of 200800 mu, supported the development of characteristic industries of 19900 mu, and increased annual water supply by 41.98 million cubic meters. The Ministry of Water Resources donated a total of 4.15 million yuan for the four counties, issued more than 60 million yuan of industrial development funds for 2202 poor households; held 14 skills trainings for the employment transfer of poor people, held trainings of labor force from needy families for 621 person-times, helped 251 needy students get the opportunity for the practice of working while studying, whose income increased by 2500 yuan per capita, held 48 technical talent trainings for 610 person-times for the four counties, organized 25 batches of 230 professional technicians to provide technical assistance for the four counties, supported the preparation of 19 plans, actively coordinated forestry departments to cultivate 2651 ecological forest rangers, helped the development of 60 forest households with subsidy funds of 3 million yuan. With the joint efforts of various parties, the four counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation successfully completed the annual poverty reduction task, lifted 32,000 households and 114,000 people out of poverty. As a result, the per capita disposable income of the registered poor increased from 4208 yuan in 2015 to 5320 yuan, up 26.4%; 233 poor villages reached the standards for shaking off poverty, accounting for 57% of the total impoverished villages; the poverty rates of Fengdu and Wulong County dropped from 5.4% and 8.7% in 2015 to 0.7% and 1.7% respectively, and these two counties also met the conditions for being excluded from the name list of poor counties. 
(Jin Hongqiang, Ministry of Water Resources)
Poverty Alleviation by the Ministry of Agriculture
【Overview】In 2016, the Ministry of Agriculture earnestly implemented the central government’s decisions and deployments on poverty reduction, adhered to the basic strategy of targeted poverty alleviation, took into account the actual development situation of impoverished regions, mobilized the enthusiasm of all agricultural departments, adopted unconventional measures and made innovations to the aid methods to expand poverty alleviation area and effectively push forward the industrial poverty alleviation, fixed-point poverty alleviation, the poverty reduction in contiguous destitute areas and the counterpart support for some areas. The Party group of the Ministry of Agriculture held several meetings to make deployments on the poverty alleviation and development as well as the assistance for Xinjiang and Tibet, carried out field survey for many times, formulated specific work plans, and continued to strengthen the support for top-level design, demonstration, planning, financial aid, project arrangement, technology promotion, personnel training and marketing, promoting the development of agriculture and farmers’ income growth in the poverty-stricken areas. 
【Investment of poverty relief funds】In 2016, the Ministry of Agriculture arranged a total of more than 25 billion yuan of agricultural infrastructure and central financial funds for the 14 contiguous destitute areas. At the national work conference on assistance for the agricultural development in Tibet, the Ministry of Agriculture arranged 80 million yuan to support the development of agriculture and animal husbandry industry in Tibet. Continued to coordinate NDRC to arrange 100 million yuan to support the construction of elite breeding system for mutton sheep in South Xinjiang; coordinated the Ministry of Finance to arrange 171 million yuan to support the winter forage reserve and transportation of grassland and pastoral areas in Inner Mongolia, Xijiang and Tibet. In addition to conventional projects, the Ministry of Agriculture arranged 140 million yuan for the rodents and epidemic prevention and control, ecological orchard fertilizer integration technology test and demonstration, rice, fish, duck breeding technology demonstration, technology demonstration for comprehensive utilization of straw, the demonstration and promotion of the mode of transformation and development of alpine grassland animal husbandry, as well as agricultural products quality and safety supervision in10 provinces (autonomous regions) such as Shanxi, Inner Mongolia and Jiangxi; arranged 140 million yuan of relief funds to support the improvement of production and living conditions in the poor farms of Heilongjiang and Guangdong reclamation areas. Coordinated the arrangements of 153 million yuan of emergency subsidy funds for animal epidemic prevention in order to support the hydatidosis control in animal husbandry of Xinjiang and Tibet; actively guided Beijing DQY Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing WIK group, Muyuan Foods Co., Ltd, Guangdong Wen’s Food Group Co., Ltd and other large animal husbandry leading enterprises to invest in the projects of poor counties. Among them, Beijing DQY Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd has invested 150 million and encouraged the investment of 500 million of financial capital in the construction of large-scale laying hen breeding projects in Wei County of Hebei and Nimu County of Tibet Autonomous Region. In cooperation with Beijing Sanyuan Milk Powder Business Department, we launched the activity of“Nutrition poverty alleviation-Provide Good Homemade Milk Powder for the Babies of Poor Families”in the poverty-stricken areas, and donated milk powder worth 240 million yuan to the needy families throughout the year. 
【Field research on poverty alleviation】In 2016, Party group secretary and Minister of Agriculture Han Changbin, deputy secretary of Party group and Vice Minister of Agriculture Yu Xirong respectively led a research group to carry out field survey in Ganzhou City of Jiangxi Province, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (hereinafter referred to as Enshi Prefecture) of Hubei Province, Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (hereinafter referred to as Xiangxi Prefecture) of Hunan Province, Bijie City of Guizhou Province and Baise City of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, made propagandas of pro-poor policies issued by the central government, studied the industry poverty alleviation ideas jointly with the masses and the local cadres, and put forward the work idea of  preparing a good plan, select a good industry, creating a good leading enterprise, innovating a good mechanism and improving a good system. Combined with the activity of investigations into ten thousand households in one hundred towns organized by the Ministry of Agriculture, we organized 13 targeted poverty alleviation research groups to carry out field survey in 13 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities), 24 poor counties and 59 impoverished villages and prepare the“Research Report on Targeted Poverty Alleviation in Agricultural Industry”; prepared the report on accelerating the pace of addressing the poverty problem in the regions surrounding Beijing and Tianjin, formulated the“Joint Action of the Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin Municipal Government and Hebei Provincial People’s Government for the Poverty Alleviation through the Development of Characteristic Agriculture in the Poor Areas surrounding Beijing and Tianjin (2017-2019)”; organized experts to carry out special studies on making innovations to the targeted industry poverty alleviation modes and policies as well as the assessment index of industry poverty alleviation, and initially established the assessment index of industry poverty alleviation.
【Construction of poverty alleviation system】Nine departments including the Ministry of Agriculture jointly issued the“Guiding Opinions on the Development of Characteristic Industries in Poor Areas to Promote Targeted Poverty Alleviation”to the people’s governments of the relevant provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities), which made clear the overall thinking, key tasks, policy measures and the mechanism for benefiting poor households of the industrial poverty alleviation to serve as the policy basis of the local industrial poverty alleviation work. In May 2016, the national picturephone meeting on poverty alleviation was convened. Vice Premier of the State Council Wang Yang attended and addressed the event, and made overall deployments on the industrial poverty alleviation during the“13th Five-Year Plan”period. Promoted the issuance of the“Plan for the Implementation of Important Measures to Support the mode transfer and structure adjustment of agriculture and animal husbandry in Tibet”by seven ministries and commission, issued the“Opinions on Increasing Project Funds for Poor Areas and Promoting the Targeted Poverty Alleviation through the Development of Characteristic Industries”, the“Notice on Supporting the Pilot Work of Integrated Use of Financial Agricultural Funds in Poor Counties”, the“Notice on the Implementation of the Joint Action of Poverty Reduction at the Southern Foot of the Great Khingan”and the“Notice on Further Improving the Coordination and Promotion Mechanism of the Poverty Reduction at the Southern Foot of the Great Khingan”, etc., and pushed forward the implementation of the relevant policy measures. Continued to give priority to poor areas in the project arrangements of the rural primary, secondary and tertiary industries, agricultural production socialization service, model village cultivation for the program of“one product for one village”, demonstration construction of farmers’ cooperatives, agricultural technology extension, new professional farmer cultivation, and agricultural machinery purchase subsidy, etc. 
【Poverty alleviation planning】Guided 22 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) with a heavy poverty relief task to prepare the provincial and county-level targeted industrial poverty alleviation planning as the important platform and basis for local governments to implement relevant policies, integrate relevant funds and develop overall planning for relevant projects. Formulated the“Planning for Supporting the Regions for Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation (2016-2020)”to serve as the scientific basis for the Ministry of Agriculture to push forward the fixed-point poverty alleviation work; guided the formulation of a series of planning such as the“Agricultural Development Planning of South Xinjiang”, the“Development Planning of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry in Tibet during the‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Period”and the“Development Planning of Agricultural and Animal Products Processing Industry in Tibet”; formulated the“Planning for Agricultural Reclamation, Poverty Alleviation and Development during the‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Period”, and organized the preparation of the poverty alleviation and development planning for the“13th Five-Year Plan”period of the reclamation areas and key poor farms.
【Industrial poverty alleviation】On the basis of in-depth field research, we systematically summed up the experience of industrial poverty alleviation, such as the experience in the development of Luochuan apple, Gannan navel orange and Dingxi potato industry, and formulated the“Successful Examples of Targeted Poverty Alleviation through the Development of Characteristic Competitive Industries”. In order to play the exemplary role of typical cases, we selected a number of poverty alleviation projects nationwide and invited 22 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) with a heavy anti-poverty task to summarize about ten local industrial poverty alleviation models. Formulated the program for the promotion of typical cases of industrial poverty alleviation, held the national industrial poverty alleviation conference (Baise of Guangxi) jointly with LGOP, implemented the spirit of the central leaders’ important instructions, observed the industrial poverty alleviation scene and promoted industrial poverty alleviation paradigm. The main Party and government leaders of 63 poor counties in Guangxi, Yunnan and Guizhou, as well as the principals of agricultural and poverty alleviation departments of 22 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) participated in the on-site observation.
【Poverty alleviation by science and technology】Relying on the modern agricultural technology system, the Ministry of Agriculture supported 401 experts of relevant scientific research units in poverty-stricken areas to carry out research on animal and plant breeding, pest control, cultivation and fertilizer, agricultural equipment and processing. The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the research institutions in Xinjiang and Tibet jointly undertook 45 scientific and technological projects, and set up 45 test and demonstration bases. Issued project funds of 560 million yuan to support the creation of green, high-yield and high-efficiency industries, rice growing and fish breeding industry, and the development of dry farming technologies in poor areas, such as integrated demonstration and extension of plastic membrane mulching and drip irrigation under mulch, and support Xinjiang, Tibet and Inner Mongolia to carry out the demonstration and promotion of mechanized production of corn, cotton and potato and protective farming technology. Launched the“experts’ trip to Tibet”of the national agricultural system, and selected 33 experts in domestic animal species improvement, forage planting, animal epidemic prevention, quality and safety inspection from 12 provinces to carry out skills training for 135 administrative villages, 117 towns, 48 counties and 7 cities in Tibet. Organized outstanding talents and technical experts in agricultural research to provide technical support for the industry development in Enshi, fixed-point poverty alleviation points in Xiangxi, Xinjiang, Tibet and the Tibetan areas in four provinces, and sent 500 experts to solve more than 50 technical problems. Provided agricultural science and technology vehicles and other relevant equipment for poverty-stricken areas such as Ganzhou City and Laifeng County, donated more than 1.5 million copies of“Farmers Daily”,“China Fishery Newspaper”and“Newsletter About Work in Rural Areas”to the farmers and grassroots cadres in poor areas, and developed the agricultural programs with Xinjiang’s characteristics and agricultural programs with Tibetan characteristics, etc. 
【Poverty alleviation trainings】Adjusted the demonstration training of leaders of rural practical talents jointly launched by the Ministry of Agriculture and the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee into the industrial poverty alleviation training for impoverished regions, held 177 demonstration training courses, and selected 17700 large breeding families, family farmers and principals of farmers’ cooperatives to study and exchange ideas on the rural practical talent training base of the Ministry of Agriculture. Held five training courses of development leaders for 500 leaders of impoverished villages in the poor areas for fixed-point poverty alleviation, the southern foot of Greater Khingan, Bijie of Guizhou and Aba of Sichuan; relying on the new professional farmer training project, we supported the large-scale training of large farming households, home farm operators, leaders of farmers’ cooperatives, management personnel of agricultural enterprises and social service personnel for agriculture in 14 contiguous destitute areas in order to enhance their ability of helping others shake off poverty. Held trainings on the adjustment of agriculture industry in Greater Khingan, the development of ecological recycling agriculture in the regions for fixed-point poverty alleviation, the freshwater aquaculture technology in Xinjiang, and the innovation of production modes of farming and animal husbandry in the Tibetan areas of Sichuan and Yunnan; strengthened the training of new professional farmers in Tibet and Xinjiang, held trainings for 19 thousand people throughout the year, and held specialized network marketing training courses for Xinjiang’s special agricultural products in Akesu. Held more than 30 training courses of industrial development leaders, animal husbandry technology extension, animal disease prevention and control, leisure agriculture management, and agricultural product quality safety supervision in poverty-stricken areas, and cultivated nearly 10,000 technical talents for poor areas. In 2016, a total of 64 cadres of agricultural departments were sent to work in poor areas, creating a new record in history. 
【Poverty alleviation through production and marketing docking】Organized eight leading enterprises, four units directly under the Ministry of Agriculture as well as the agricultural departments of Shaanxi, Shanghai, Anhui and Guangdong to sign a cooperation agreement with Tibet respectively, and the contract value amounted to 1.65 billion yuan. Supported the convening of the 203h China (Langfang) Agricultural Products Trade Fair, the China Changchun International Agriculture-Food Expo (Fair), the First World Apple Conference and the Ninth China-Shaanxi (Luochuan) International Apple Expo, the Seventh China-Sichuan (Pengzhou) Vegetable Fair, the 2016 China-Dingxi Potato Conference, the Thirteenth China Wuhan Agricultural Expo, the Fifteenth China West (Chongqing) International Agricultural Products Trade Fair 2016, and the 2016 China-Guiyang International Characteristic Agricultural Products Trade Fair, aiming to enhance the market influence of the agricultural products in poor areas. To solve the problem of chicken sales in Jianke County of Guizhou Province, we organized e-commerce enterprises to carry out production and marketing docking and establish long-term cooperation mechanism; organized dealers to carry out docking activities in the poor counties (cities) of Ningxia, Hunan and Xinjiang, who reached a cooperative intention for more than 200 agreements worth nearly 3 billion yuan with more than one hundred local enterprises, cooperatives and planting households; supported the circulation and sales promotion of agricultural products in Xinjiang, and set up a high quality agricultural product exhibition center at the national agricultural exhibition hall, reducing the cost by about 400,000 yuan. Supported the activity of the Xinjiang high-quality agricultural product exhibition week in order to introduce and promote Xinjiang’s special products. Produced 41 poverty alleviation programs of 660 minutes focusing on introducing the competitive industries in poor areas, and provided public service advertising service for nearly 4,000 minutes. Reduced the cost of 1.78 million yuan for declaration of“one standard for three products”, and supported the construction of 18 standardized production bases of green food raw materials in Xinjiang and at the southern foot of Greater Khingan. Held the special exhibition of industrial poverty alleviation at the Fourteenth China International agricultural products fair, organized 64 poverty-stricken counties, 146 enterprises and 29 farmer cooperatives to participate in the exhibition, and held 13 products promotion meetings for poor areas with on-site trade value of 318 million yuan. 
【Ecological poverty alleviation】Continued to carry out poverty relief projects such as returning pasture to grassland and the comprehensive treatment of rocky desertification area, and issued 5.02 billion yuan of funds to strengthen the ecological protection on grassland in poor areas. Cooperated with the Ministry of Finance to issue 18.76 billion yuan of subsidy and reward funds for ecological protection on grassland, increasing the policy subsidy and reward income of the herdsmen in 14 contiguous destitute areas by nearly 1500 yuan per household; held restocking activities for 453 times, for which 88.2 million yuan was invested, involving a total of 11 billion species; set up three national aquatic germplasm resources conservation areas in Xinjiang and Tibet, and established 180 aquaculture demonstration farms. Accelerated the construction of biogas projects in the poor counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation and at the southern foot of the Greater Khingan Mountains, and the implementation of pilot integrated use of straw; arranged 60 million yuan of funds to support the pilot work of Comprehensive harnessing of agricultural non-point source pollution in typical basins in Wanzhou District and Wulong County of Chongqing, Xichuan County and Neixiang County of Henan Province, and issued 358 million yuan for the demonstration and promotion of straw mulching, organic fertilizer application, green manure for planting, and formula fertilization by soil testing in poor areas, and launched the formula fertilization by soil testing. 
【Fixed-point poverty alleviation】In February 2016, the Ministry of Agriculture held in Enshi Prefecture the fixed-point poverty alleviation work conference, summarized the fixed-point poverty alleviation work over the past three decades and made overall deployments on the relevant work in the“13th Five-Year Plan”period. Party group secretary and Minister of Agriculture Han Changbin said at the event that we’ll continue to provide support for the poor areas, and promised to support the regions for fixed-point poverty alleviation for another decade, focusing on key problem tackling in the first five years and follow-up support in the second five years. 
Formulated and issued the“Planning of the Ministry of Agricultural for Supporting the Regions for Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation (2016-2020)”, guided the scientific selection of poverty reduction industries and the improvement of industry chain design in the regions for fixed-point poverty alleviation, developed detailed planning and supported the infrastructure projects and financial projects, and proposed to establish the interest linkage mechanism to ensure that the projects will benefit the poor. The Planning became a scientific basis of the fixed-point poverty alleviation work of the Ministry of Agriculture and the project reserve library for the industrial poverty alleviation in the regions for fixed-point poverty alleviation. 
【Investment of poverty relief funds】Issued the“Opinions of the Ministry of Agriculture on Giving More Priority to Poor Areas in the Allocation of Project Funds to Promote the Targeted Poverty Alleviation through Characteristic Industries”, and clearly increased financial aid for the agricultural projects in poor areas such as the regions for fixed-point poverty alleviation. In cooperation with the relevant departments, we arranged 303 million yuan of agricultural funds for the counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation, supported the construction of Fine species breeding bases of characteristic industries, standardized breeding, primary processing of agricultural products, the integration of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries, the construction of grassroots agricultural technology extension systems and the training of new professional farmers, etc. Actively pushed forward the construction of beautiful leisure countryside in the areas for Fixed-point poverty alleviation, identified Enshi Prefecture as the demonstration prefecture for national leisure farming and rural tourism in 2016, and identified Tujiazhai Village in Laifeng County of Xiangxi as the beautiful countryside of China in 2016. 
【Industrial poverty alleviation】Provided germplasm resources for the characteristic industries in the counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation through the construction of regional test stations for national crop varieties and intensive vegetable seedling bases; organized the research institutions of the fixed-point poverty alleviation area to breed new disease-resisting varieties of rice, corn, vegetables and citrus with high quality and high yield, and helped poor counties promote industrial restructuring. Through organizing expert consultation and carrying out distance education and training courses, we helped solve the technical bottlenecks that restrict the development of characteristic industries. 
【Poverty alleviation trainings】Supported the cultivation of new professional farmers and the training of rural practical talents in the counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation to achieve the goal of“training one person to lift one family out of poverty and encourage the poverty reduction in surrounding areas”, and held five leaders training courses for industry development in poor areas, held a one-week training for the major planting farmers, home farm operators, heads of farmers’ cooperatives and the cadres of“two committees”of relevant villages, covering 400 people in the poor counties. 15 cadres were sent to work in the poor areas for fixed-point poverty alleviation, earnestly implemented the requirements of“Ideological involvement, solid work and emotional involvement”put forward by the Party group of the Ministry of Agriculture, and actively offered advices and handled concrete affairs in a down-to-earth manner for the local poverty reduction. 
【Poverty alleviation through production and marketing docking】Promoted agricultural production and marketing docking as well as the market development; at the 14th China International Agricultural Trade Fair, organized 17 enterprises, six cooperatives and 39 agricultural brands of Enshi Prefecture and Xiangxi Prefecture to participate in the event, involving tea, citrus, kiwi, Chinese herbal medicine, lily, vegetable, special rice and other high-quality ecological selenium-rich agricultural products, and the trade value amounted to 58 million yuan. Guided Chinese Agri-produce Marketing Association to organize the dealers of agricultural products wholesale markets nationwide to carry out the production and marketing docking activities in Xiangxi, reaching 31 contracts of intent, organized the dealers of agricultural products wholesale markets nationwide to participate in the selenium-rich products fair in Enshi Prefecture and the Southern Potato Conference, actively held trade talks and established cooperative relations. 17 businesses in Yongshun and Longshan County were organized participate in the 2016 China Central (Hunan) Agricultural Fair and to contact China State Farms Enterprises Group Hunan Branch, Zhongnan Bulk Procurement Platform and www.soso.com. The people.com.cn, Farmers’ Daily, Huasheng Online and other relevant media made propagandas of the exhibition hall and the agricultural industry in Xiangxi. 
【Poverty alleviation consolation】16 departments and bureaus of the organs affiliated to the Ministry of Agricultural were organized to provide pairing-off support for 16 impoverished villages in the regions for fixed-point poverty alleviation. The relevant departments and bureaus organized Party members and cadres to carry out activities on the special days for party event in the twinned poor villages, held meetings of special organizations, sent condolence money and goods, helped formulate the village development planning, strengthened technical guidance, and mobilized resources for strong support for the poor areas, effectively accelerating the pace of poverty reduction in the impoverished villages. 
(Zeng Bo, Poverty Alleviation Office, Ministry of Agriculture)
Poverty Alleviation by the Ministry of Commerce
【Overview】In 2016, the Ministry of Commerce attached great importance to poverty alleviation work, actively implemented the“Decision of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on Winning the Tough Battle against Poverty”, strengthened the top-level design of poverty alleviation work, issued the“Guiding Opinions of the Ministry of Commerce on the Poverty Alleviation Work in 2016”, played its advantages in commercial poverty alleviation, and started from the introduction of e-commerce for rural areas, the construction of traceability system, international aid, the vitalization of border areas and the convergence between production and marketing in order to lift the people in poor areas out of poverty as soon as possible. In December 2016, during a nationwide business meeting, the Ministry of Commerce held a special forum on aiding Tibet and Xinjiang and made deployments on the anti-poverty work under the new situation. Former Minister of Commerce and Party group secretary Gao Hucheng attended and addressed the event. Former Deputy Minister of Commerce, Deputy Secretary of the Party group, representative of international trade negotiation of the Ministry of Commerce, the current Minister of Commerce and current Party group secretary Zhong Shan presided over the event. 
【Investment of poverty relief funds】In 2016, the Ministry of Commerce directly invested poverty relief funds of 1.076 million yuan. By using the disaster relief and counterpart support work funds, the Ministry of Commerce arranged 500,000 yuan and 400,000 yuan respectively for the labor skills trainings and rural practical technical trainings in the poor counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation, namely Chengbu Miao Autonomous County of Hunan Province (hereinafter referred to as“Chengbu County”) and Yilong County of Sichuan Province (hereinafter referred to as“Yilong County”). Chengbu County organized three trainings on the large-scale planting of kiwi fruit, Miao pear and blueberry, two trainings on the large-scale planting of last-season vegetables and one agricultural products marketing skills training for a total of 1080 people. Yilong County held three trainings on pig breeding, walnut planting and small poultry breeding technology, and four trainings of computer operators, electricians, welders and housekeepers for a total of 700 people. The Foreign Trade Development Bureau under the Ministry of Commerce arranged 26 thousand yuan of funds for the trainings of SME operation and management，agricultural products brand strategy and e-commerce business of traditional enterprises in Guang’an District, Guang’an City, Sichuan Province, and a total of 120 people attended the event. The medical insurance chamber under the Ministry of Commerce donated 150 thousand yuan for pond renovation and irrigation of grapefruit tree in spring in Guang’an District.
【Poverty alleviation by e-commerce】In 2016, the Ministry of Commerce, LGOP and the Ministry of Finance arranged central financial funds of 3.6 billion yuan for the integrated demonstration of e-commerce in the countryside of 240 counties (districts) nationwide, of which 180 were national key counties for poverty alleviation and development, accounting for 65.8% of the total. Three counties (districts) for the fixed-point poverty alleviation of the Ministry of Commerce, namely Guang’an District, Yilong County and Chengbu County were all incorporated into the demonstration zone and each received 15 million yuan of relief funds for the construction of rural logistic system building for e-commerce, the informatization renovation of rural branches, online sales of rural products and talent cultivation, etc. 
Based on the actual situation of Guang’an District and Yilong County, the Ministry of Commerce promoted JD and other large e-commerce platforms to strengthen cooperation with the local governments, promoted the implementation of the mode of“government + agricultural leading enterprises + e-commerce platforms + farmers”, encouraged the local agricultural modernization leading enterprises to open up characteristic product planting, production and sales channels relying on the flow, brand and marketing advantages of e-commerce platforms such as JD, forming the chained development characterized by promoting market development by e-commerce, promoting corporate development by the market and promoting the development of rural households by enterprises. Guided the deep docking between entities, local e-commerce operators and large business platforms, and established a market-oriented mechanism for poverty alleviation by e-commerce through industrial poverty alleviation, employment-based poverty alleviation, entrepreneurship-based poverty alleviation and financial poverty alleviation.
 Organized the advanced seminar on knowledge updating of professional technicians in e-commerce and held four e-commerce training courses for local commercial and trading enterprises for 600 person-times, covering the leaders of the city and provincial competent commerce departments and the principals of e-commerce enterprises, providing support for talent cultivation for poverty alleviation through e-commerce. 
【Traceability system construction for targeted poverty alleviation】Based on the actual situation in the pilot area for traceability system construction, the Ministry of Commerce guided Shandong and Yunnan to actively explore the traceability system construction for targeted poverty alleviation. Shandong set up the“rural e-commerce + facility agriculture + fruit and vegetable traceability”system in Xiaoshitang Village, Suliuzhuang Town, Xiajin County of Dezhou City, installed the agricultural monitoring system and agricultural products traceability technology equipment, carried out R&D of characteristic agricultural products traceability information system to enhance the value of product brands and regional brands, enhance the self-development capacity of rural areas, and lift the masses out of poverty. Yunnan Province incorporated Yunnan Purui Pharmaceutical (Group) Co., Ltd. into the name list of the Chinese herbal medicine retrospect enterprises, carried out in-depth development of the local characteristic Chinese herbal medicines, produced the Chinese herbal medicines, Chinese herbal medicines pieces and health food with barley as the core, and developed more than 500 Chinese herbal medicines pieces and a dozen kinds of health food. In addition, relying on the provincial Chinese herbal medicine industry association, Yunnan Province guided the masses to plant Chinese herbal medicines, actively coordinated Yunnan Baiyao Group to sign strategic cooperation agreements on the development of Chinese herbal medicine industry with Kunming, Dali, Pu’er, Diqing, Jianshui, Mojiang and Yuanyang, sign the Chinese herbal medicine traceability service agreements with the traceability technology service enterprises, forming the long-term mechanism of multilateral cooperation, scientific guidance and targeted poverty alleviation.
【International assistance】As the domestic coordination and management department for international bilateral and multilateral aid to China, the Ministry of Commerce actively implemented the 2016-2020 country cooperation plan jointly with the United Nations Children’s Fund, the United Nations Population Fund, the United Nations Development Programme and other institutions, strongly supported the implementation of China’s“13th Five-Year Plan”, and carried out cooperation in the field of health, education, child protection, green energy, gender equality, etc. In 2016, the Ministry of Commerce coordinated the United Nations Children’s Fund, the United Nations Development Programme and other institutions to launch a number of international cooperation projects with a total investment of $23 million, such as the unconditional cash transfer, capacity building and microfinance for a number of central and western provinces such as Jiangxi, Yunnan, Sichuan, Gansu, Guizhou and Qinghai. Under the efforts of the Ministry of Commerce, the relevant United Nations agencies tried to carry out poverty alleviation cooperation under the new situation, conducted field research in Ganzhou city of Jiangxi Province and Haidong City of Qinghai Province to understand the actual difficulties in poverty reduction of poor counties, striving to help the local governments explore new ideas and new methods for targeted poverty alleviation and develop specific aid measures. 
【Vitalizing border areas and enriching the people living there】The Ministry of Commerce carried out field research in border areas such as Xinjiang, Guangxi, Yunnan, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and Inner Mongolia for many times, aiming to understand the development situation and difficulties in the economic cooperation zones of border areas and promote the implementation of the relevant supporting policies. In September 2016, the Ministry of Commerce held in Xiamen the activity of exchange and docking between the border economic cooperation zones and the eastern national economic and technological development zones. A total of more than 100 people attended the event, including representatives from 16 border economic cooperation zones, 20 national economic and technological development zones and the relevant industrial transfer and promotion centers and businesses. In the activity, we publicized the investment environment and key projects in the border economic cooperation zones and shared experience in park construction and investment introduction in order to build a platform for the border economic cooperation zones to undertake industrial transfer and actively boost the economic and social development in border areas. 
【Overview of the fixed-point poverty alleviation】In 2016, the Ministry of Commerce was designated to be responsible for the fixed-point poverty alleviation in Guang’an District of Guang’an City, Sichuan Province, Yilong County and Chengbu County of Hunan Province. The relevant comrades carried out field survey in the poor counties for many times, and relevant cadres were sent to work in the counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation, aiming to understand the economic and social development status and the aid project implementation situation in the poor counties and help these counties as much as possible. Guang’an District passed the acceptance inspection of Sichuan Province for“taking off the hat of poverty”in 2016. 
【Field research on poverty alleviation】In 2016, Tong Daochi, former Assistant Minister of Commerce accompanied Vice Premier Wang Yang to investigate the poverty alleviation campaign in Xiangxi Prefecture and publicized the spirit of the central poverty alleviation and development conference. Principals of the relevant departments of the Ministry of Commerce respectively led a research group to carry out field research in poverty alleviation interaction in Guang’an, Yilong and Chengbu County, exchanged ideas on the 2016 fixed-point poverty alleviation scheme, and visited the“first secretaries”stationed in the poor villages to understand the development status of the local poverty alleviation by e-commerce. The heads of the public institutions and chambers of commerce under the Ministry of Commerce carried out field surveys in the three counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation, and carried out cooperation with the local authorities in industrial poverty alleviation and microfinance projects.
【Poverty alleviation by sending cadres】In 2016, the Ministry of Commerce sent three division-level cadres to work in the three poor counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation respectively, and received one cadre of Guang’an District to work in the relevant organ of the Ministry of Commerce. 
【Industrial poverty alleviation】The Medical Insurance Chamber of Commerce under the Ministry of Commerce led a working group composed of representatives of eight Chinese medicine enterprises to support the industrial poverty alleviation in Guang’an and Yilong County. These eight enterprises covered the whole industrial chain, such as Chinese herbal medicine cultivation, base management, purchase, processing of Chinese herbal pieces, domestic sales and export of Chinese herbal medicines and Chinese medicine pieces, production and marketing of health care products, industrial investment and cooperation, information consultation on the production and sales of Chinese herbal medicines, etc. The working group initially established the linkage mechanism of Chinese herbal medicine planting guidance and product acquisition, providing accurate information services for farmers, and promoting the local poverty alleviation through the development of Chinese herbal medicine industry.
【Poverty-relief microfinance】The exchange center of the Ministry of Commerce arranged 2 million yuan of the UNDP’s poverty alleviation funds for Yilong County in 2013 through the apportionment of the UNDP’s“inclusive financial system”project in China (CPR/06/202). As of October 2016, we had set up village-level poverty-relief mutual-aid societies in 50 poor villages (nine are being registered) of the county with a total of 13200 members, which provided a total of 16800 loans of 179 million yuan for 17,000 poor households in the county, benefiting nearly 50,000 poor farmers. The total mutual aid funds of the county increased from 18 million yuan in early 2014 to 51.05 million yuan, with an average annual growth of 44.3%, the balance of loans increased from 19.1 million yuan to 52.3 million yuan, with an average annual growth of 45.6%, and the loan risk rate fell from 37% in early 2014 to about 3%. Over the past three years, the members of mutual-aid societies obtained 5.488 million yuan of dividends, and the average annual rate of return on the membership fees reached 5.6%.
【Activities on the Poverty Alleviation Day】October 17 of 2016 is the third Poverty Alleviation Day of China and the 24th International Day for the Eradication of Poverty. Taking the Poverty Alleviation Day as an opportunity, the Ministry of Commerce made initial written proposals for the online purchase of the agricultural and special products of the regions for fixed-point poverty alleviation at the internal and external websites, and issued the printed proposals to the organs, institutions, chambers of commerce, associations and societies directly under the Ministry of Commerce, calling for all staff of the Ministry of Commerce to buy agricultural and special products of the three regions for fixed-point poverty alleviation and deliver warmth to the local farmers. The sales value of Long’an pomelo, a characteristic product of Guang’an District, amounted to 230,000 yuan. 
【Activity of warmth delivery】During the“Lei Feng Day”period in 2016, the Youth Work Department of the Party Committee of the Organs under the Ministry of Commerce organized the activities of donating clothing to poor families in the regions for fixed-point poverty alleviation in the name of the Poverty Alleviation Office of the Ministry of Commerce. A total of more than 440 people donated more than 8100 clothes in the activity. Nearly 5,000 pieces of clothing were sent to the families in the poor counties after clean up and disinfection, and more than 3,000 pieces of clothing were recycled and reused.
(Zhang Dongming, Poverty Alleviation Office, Ministry of Commerce)
Poverty Alleviation by the Ministry of Culture
【Overview】In 2016, the Ministry of Culture attached great importance to poverty alleviation and development work, implemented the spirit of the central poverty alleviation and development work conference, actively promoted the cultural construction in poor areas nationwide from the perspectives of policy and planning, capital and projects, talents and services by making good use of its advantages in cultural resources and relying on major cultural projects, actively cooperated with the leading units to participate in the anti-poverty work in 11 contiguous destitute areas such as Liupan Mountain Area, Qinba Mountain Area and Wuling Mountain Area, as well as Tibet, the Tibetan areas in four provinces and the four prefectures in South Xinjiang as a member unit of the State Council Leading Group of Poverty Alleviation and Development, boosting the coordinated development of local economy and culture and giving full play to the positive role of cultural construction in maintaining social stability, improving people’s livelihood, strengthening national unity and promoting economic development. 
【Construction of poverty alleviation system】In order to further implement the requirements of the“Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of a Modern Public Cultural Service System”issued by the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council, and accelerate the construction of public cultural service system in poor areas, in November 2015, the Ministry of Culture issued the“Outline of the Planning for the Construction of Public Cultural Service System in Poor Area during the ‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Period”jointly with the National Development and Reform Commission, the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, the Ministry of Finance, State Administration of Radio, Film and Television (SARFT), State General Administration of Sports and LGOP, designed 29 cultural poverty alleviation projects in accordance with the construction thinking of“making up short board, consolidation and improvement, comprehensive promotion and coordinated development”, and put forward the development objective of making the main indicators of basic public cultural service in poor areas reach or approach the national average by 2020, providing institutional guarantee for the public cultural poverty alleviation in the next stage. In June 2016, the Ministry of Culture, the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television (SARFT) jointly held the national video conference on targeted cultural poverty alleviation work to exchange work experience and make deployments for the cultural poverty alleviation work during the“13th Five-Year Plan”period.
【Integrated cultural service center】In 2016, under the leadership of the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the CPC, the Ministry of Culture, State Administration of Radio, Film and Television (SARFT) and the State General Administration of Sports continued to implement the“Demonstration Project of Integrated Cultural Service Center in 100 Counties and 10,000 Villages of Poor Areas”, launched the“Village Cultural Service Center Project in the Minority Autonomous Counties and Border Counties of Poor Areas”on this basis, and planned to set up 22,000 village cultural activity rooms in these regions in two years. To further make up the short board of village cultural activity facilities in poor areas, the Ministry of Culture launched the procurement of village cultural activity facilities for poor areas in 2016, and planned to equip the more than 110,000 village cultural activity rooms built in 839 counties of poor areas with the basic cultural equipment such as acoustics, instruments, computers, desks and chairs in five years with investment of about 20,000 yuan for each cultural activity room in order to guarantee the smooth implementation of cultural activities. In 2016, the central government arranged a total of 448.72 million yuan of subsidized funds for the project. To support county-level cultural units to provide mobile cultural services for the grassroots units, the Ministry of Culture and the Ministry of Finance jointly implemented the project of mobile cultural vehicle since 2016, and planned to equip each of the 839 counties in poor areas with a mobile culture vehicle in two years. In 2016, 109.92 million yuan of central financial funds was arranged for the procurement of 458 cultural vehicles. 
【Talent support program for poverty-stricken areas】In accordance with the“special implementation plan for cultural workers of the talent support program for remote poor areas, border areas, minority areas and old revolutionary base areas”issued by five departments including the Ministry of Culture, by 2020, we’ll guide 19,000 excellent cultural workers to work or provide services in the remote poor areas, border areas, minority areas and old revolutionary base areas every year in order to cultivate 1500 urgently needed cultural workers for these areas. In 2016, through the dispatch and cultivation of cultural workers, the special implementation plan for cultural workers of the talent support program sent 16641 outstanding cultural workers to provide cultural services for the counties in the contiguous destitute areas, the key counties for national poverty alleviation and development, the key counties for provincial poverty alleviation and development and poor farms in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, and cultivated 1500 grassroots cultural workers urgently needed in these areas, providing a strong personnel guarantee for the cultural development in impoverished regions. 
【Delivery of traditional operas to the countryside】To meet the spiritual and cultural needs of the grassroots people in the poor areas, a total of 23380 yuan of central subsidy funds was arranged in 2016 to promote the protection and inheritance of local operas. According to the requirements of the“Several Policies on Supporting the Inheritance and Development of Operas”, since 2016, the Ministry of Culture has implemented the project of traditional opera delivery to the countryside, and arranged an opera every other month for the poor towns through government purchase of services in accordance with the standard of 3,000 yuan of subsidy per drama. 
【Spring rain project】The Ministry of Culture has implemented the“spring rain project”for years-the cultural volunteers’ border trip and the grassroots activity of the national art troupes —“Love for the Earth”. Through the art performances, cultural lectures and characteristic exhibitions, we strived to give priority to poor areas in the allocation of cultural resources, and arranged more than 100 cultural activities for the poor areas every year, benefiting hundreds of thousands of people in poor areas, including the grassroots cultural workers and the masses.
 【Sunshine Project】In 2016, the Ministry of Culture launched the“Sunshine Project”— the cultural voluntary service action plan for the central and western rural areas, and organized 1200 cultural volunteers to provide cultural services in the central and western regions.
【Industrial poverty alleviation】Relying on the service platform of cultural industry projects, the Ministry of Culture has long been providing services for the key cultural industry projects in poor areas, such as publicity and promotion, display and exchange activities. While implementing the major projects supported by central financial cultural industry development funds, such as the project of“supporting the development of characteristic cultural industry”,“promoting the integration of cultural creativity and design services with related industries”and the“cultural finance support program”, the Ministry of Culture and the Ministry of Finance supported the development of eligible cultural enterprises and projects in poor areas through project subsidy, loan discount, discount bonds and capital injection. Encouraged eligible cultural projects in poor areas to apply for demonstration projects of cooperation between government and social capital, and implemented the financial support of“replacing subsidies with rewards”. Encouraged and supported the eligible cultural industrial parks in poor areas to declare the establishment of national cultural industry demonstration parks.
The Ministry of Culture fully tapped the historical and cultural connotations of the immaterial cultural heritage in poor areas, promoted the living heritage of immaterial cultural heritage in poor areas, and promoted and implemented the revitalization of traditional crafts in poverty-stricken areas. In conjunction with the Ministry of Education, in the implementation of the training program of Chinese intangible cultural heritage inheritors and the preparation of the“Traditional Technique Promotion Program”, we focused on the intangible cultural heritage projects such as embroidery, printing and dyeing, weaving and garment production in poor areas and constantly promoted the employment and poverty reduction in poor areas by improving the quality of traditional craft products. 
【Fixed-point poverty alleviation】The Ministry of Culture was responsible for the fixed-point poverty alleviation in Loufan County and Jingle county of Shanxi Province, the key counties of national poverty alleviation and development. The Ministry of Culture conscientiously implemented the requirements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on poverty alleviation, attached great importance to poverty alleviation work, took various measures, made use of the advantages and cultural resources of state organs, and relied on major cultural projects to provided assistance for poverty reduction through personnel training, idea change, education, cultural and economic development, invested a lot of manpower, material and financial resources for the two poor counties, and achieved certain results in supporting and promoting the development of the two counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation. 
In 2016, the Ministry of Culture directly invested 1.6316 million yuan in kind and cash, implemented three poverty relief projects, helped the poor counties introduce more than one million yuan of various funds and two projects, and mainly implemented the village-level integrated cultural service center project, the library project and the project of ancient cities’ ruins protection in Loufan County, as well as the paper-cut revitalization plan and the cultural activity center renovation project in Jingle County. Whether the poverty reduction work is successful or not depends on the cadres sent there to a large extent. Through careful selection, the Ministry of Culture sent a number of upright and capable cadres with good thinking to the poor areas, who played an important role in coordinating the relations between upper and lower authorities, striving for capital projects and carrying out all kinds of literary and artistic performances,
(Xiao Meng, Financial Department, Ministry of Culture)
Poverty Alleviation by the National Health and Family Planning Commission
【Overview】In 2016, the National Health and Family Planning Commission (hereinafter referred to as the NHFPC) thoroughly implemented the decisions and deployments on poverty reduction made by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council and took the implementation of health poverty alleviation projects as an important political task. To address the poverty due to illness, the NHFPC comprehensively implemented the health poverty alleviation projects, formulated a number of pro-poor policy measures jointly with the relevant departments, strengthened the construction of the poverty alleviation mechanism, mobilized the forces of the health sector to increase efforts for poverty alleviation in contiguous destitute areas, fixed-point poverty alleviation and the counterpart support for poverty reduction in Xinjiang and Tibet, and mobilized social forces to promote health poverty alleviation to provide health guarantee for the rural poor to shake off poverty. 
【Construction of poverty alleviation mechanism】In 2016, on the basis of the original work, the NHFPC improved the working mechanism of the Poverty Alleviation Office, and added three direct affiliated units as the member units of the NHFPC Leading Group for poverty alleviation and counterpart support. Under the Poverty Alleviation Office, four working groups were set up, namely the comprehensive coordination group, the supervision and assessment group, the propaganda and communication group and the social mobilization group, and the heads of these groups were the division-level cadres of the direct affiliated units or liaison units of the NHFPC.
【Health poverty alleviation】Overall organization and promotion. On June 21, 2016, 15 central departments including the NHFPC and LGOP jointly issued the“Guidance on the Implementation of Health Poverty Alleviation Projects”. In conjunction with LGOP and the Logistics Support Department of the Central Military Commission, the NHFPC convened the national conference on health support for poverty alleviation. Held the training course for policy interpretation of health poverty alleviation projects, and comprehensively interpreted the“Decision of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on Winning the Tough Battle against Poverty”and the“Guidance on the Implementation of Health Poverty Alleviation Projects”. In conjunction with LGOP, the NHFPC issued the“Measures for the Assessment of Health Poverty Alleviation Work”and organized annual assessment of the health poverty alleviation work in 22 central and western provinces since 2016. In conjunction with LGOP, the NHFPC carried out special supervision and guidance on the implementation of health poverty alleviation work in eight provinces (autonomous regions), namely Hebei, Shanxi, Hunan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu and Ningxia. Prepared the“Policy Interpretation and Case Study for Health Poverty Alleviation”for local governments to study, and coordinated the mainstream media to increase the publicity of health poverty alleviation. 
Preferential health insurance policies. In 2016, we implemented the preferential policies of“two increases and two declines”for the registered poor, raised the level of outpatient reimbursement, raised the reimbursement rate of hospitalization expenses by 5 percentage points within the scope of policy, lowered the minimum reimbursement standard of the insurance for children with disabilities, people with severe disabilities and people suffering major illnesses, and reduced the rural poor’s expenditure on serious illness treatment. In 2016, the actual compensation ratio of poor inpatients reached 67.6%, which was nearly 12 percentage points higher than that in 2015. Increased the support of commercial insurance system for health poverty alleviation, urged the governments of poor areas to purchase supplementary commercial health insurance for rural poor people, raised the reimbursement ratio of serious illness treatment expenses of poor people to more than 90%, and implemented the measure of payment after diagnosis and treatment for the poor in the counties. As of the end of 2016, 74% of the poverty-stricken counties achieved the goal of payment after diagnosis and treatment. 
Implemented targeted poverty alleviation. Fully checked the situation of poverty due to illness. In conjunction with LGOP and the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, within two months, we mobilized more than 800,000 people of the health and family planning sector to carry out door-to-door field investigation and inspection on the 93 key diseases with a high incidence and a high cost that seriously affect production and living capacity, which was suffered by 19.96 million people of 7.75 million needy families that fell into poverty due to illness, and established the a management database. Carried out special treatment of serious illnesses. In 2016, we launched the action of centralized treatment of major diseases in eight provinces (autonomous regions), namely Guizhou, Sichuan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Anhui, Henan, Jiangxi and Ningxia, for the patients suffering from nine serious diseases with a heavy burden on treatment, a great social impact and good curative effect, such as childhood leukemia and child heart disease, and pushed forward the treatment work by batches. In 2016, a total of 556,000 poor patients received such special treatment. 
Improved the ability of medical and health service. Arranged 889 Grade Ⅲ hospitals to provide counterpart support for 1149 county hospitals in all poverty-stricken counties, sent the president or vice president and at least five medical workers to the poor counties for counterpart support, and mainly strengthened the construction of clinical and auxiliary departments for the top 5-10 diseases in poor counties in the recent three years. As of the end of 2016, 92% of the poor counties had signed agreements on counterpart support with relevant GradeⅢ hospitals, and nearly 10,000 doctors of urban GradeⅢ hospitals were sent to the county hospitals of the poverty-stricken counties for counterpart support, who provided outpatient services for 6.25 million person-times and carried out 110,000 surgeries. Cooperated with the National Development and Reform Commission in the formulation and implementation of the“Plan for the Construction of the Whole People’s Health Protection Project”, and supported the construction of 400 county hospital projects, 200 county-level maternal and child health care institutions and 196 county-level disease control agency projects in 20166, including those in poor areas. Cooperated with the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security to issue the“Opinions on Strengthening the Construction of Grassroots Professional Technical Talents”, implemented special preferential policies for remote poor areas, and direct inspection could be carried out for the grassroots institutions to recruit urgently needed high-level professional technicians. Promoted the implementation of the special post program of general practitioner in contiguous destitute areas, held standardized training of resident doctors for 8637 people, up 8% over 2015; coordinated 10 provinces and municipalities such as Beijing and Jiangsu to cultivate 110 and 400 resident doctors respectively for Xinjiang and Tibet; supported the recruitment of 5,000 assistant general practitioners in the central and western regions as well as the eastern poor areas; launched the action of academicians and experts’ medical and health assistance to Guizhou, and promoted the cultivation of professional talents for impoverished regions. 
Improved the level of public health services. Drafted the“China’s Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of AIDS during the ‘13th Five-Year Plan’ Period”, organized the preparation of the“National Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Plan (2016-2020)”and the“Plan for the Prevention and Control of Echinococcosis and Other Major Parasitic Diseases (2016-2020)”, strengthened the prevention and control of AIDS, key local diseases and hydatid disease in impoverished rural areas; coordinated the domestic experts on the prevention and control of parasitology and endemic diseases to give guidance and technical assistance for disease prevention and control in the poor areas. Launched pilot work of integrated prevention and control of echinococcosis in Ganzi Prefecture and Shiqu County of Sichuan Province to explore appropriate mode of echinococcosis prevention and control in Tibetan areas; coordinated 17 provinces and municipalities to provide assistance for the investigation into echinococcosis in 70 counties of Tibet; implemented the major public health project of free screening of“two cancers”for women in poor areas, the child nutrition improvement project in poor areas, the neonatal disease screening project, the national free pre-pregnancy health checks and the children’s nutrition improvement project in poor areas, covering 341 poor counties in 14 national contiguous destitute areas of 21 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), benefiting about 4.23 million children. The neonatal disease screening program in poor areas covered 367 poor counties in 14 national contiguous destitute areas of 21 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), benefiting about 4.38 million newborns. Promoted the contract services for the rural poor, and the contract services covered 76% of the rural poor in poverty-stricken areas in 2016.
【Poverty alleviation in contiguous destitute areas】Regularly held the inter-ministerial liaison meeting for the poverty reduction in Lvliang Mountain Area and promoted the implementation of major projects in the mountain areas. Arranged eight cadres to work in three cities and four poor counties in the contiguous destitute areas; arranged a total of 19.52 billion yuan of central transfer payment for the health and family planning work in Shanxi and Shaanxi Province; expand the pilot projects of integrated cultivation of health and family planning personnel in poor areas to four counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation in Shanxi Province and Shaanxi Province; implemented the project of“nursing workers for Lvliang Mountain Area”, arranged 102 poor nurses to work in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Fuwai Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and No.3 Hospital of Peking University; organized 35 Grade Ⅲ hospitals to provide counterpart support for 33 county hospitals in the poor areas and sent doctor groups to work there; supported the cadres sent to poor areas by NHFPC to carry out the exhibition and sales of Lvliang Mountain goods at the website, and launched the regional public brand of“Lvliang Mountain Goods”. More than 50 enterprises in 17 poor counties sold more than 100 kinds of products at the Internet and achieved online sales value of more than 22 million yuan. Carried out a series of activities such as the“jujube picking festival”and“apple picking festival”activity, sold more than 200,000 jin of jujube and more than 300,000 jin of apples at the Internet, and organized relevant parties to participate in the itinerant exhibition of Lvliang Mountain goods. 
【Support for Xinjiang】The NHFPC held the annual work conference (2016) on the counterpart support for Xinjiang and made overall deployments on the counterpart support for Xinjiang. Issued the“Notice on Further Counterpart Support of Health and Family Planning Departments for Xinjiang”. Arranged 950 million yuan of the central government’s budget funds for infrastructure construction of the health and family planning system in Xinjiang (including the Corps), including one municipal hospital, 23 county hospitals, 83 township hospitals, 167 township hospital dormitories, two community health service centers, one children’s medical service agency, 23 prefectural and county-level disease control agencies, nine maternal and child health service agencies and five food safety risk monitoring ability construction projects. In conjunction with the National Development and Reform Commission and the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the NHFPC issued the“Plan for the Construction of the Whole People’s Health Protection Project”; in conjunction with the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee, continued to send medical service groups to Xinjiang, arranged Grade Ⅲ hospitals to dispatch medical service groups to seven hospitals and the hospital of No.1 Division of the Corps in Xinjiang; continued to organize the implementation of the Western health personnel training program, and selected 37 backbone technicians from the county-level health care institutions in Xinjiang and other western regions to work in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University and  People’s Hospital of Peking University for further study. Sent 23 cadres and professional technicians to work in the medical and health institutions at all levels of Xinjiang, supported Xinjiang to recruit 780 resident physicians and 300 assistant general practitioners, and sent 108 residents to receive a three-year training in the eight donor provinces (municipalities); through the project of supporting rural health projects by 10,000 hospitals, provided support for a total of 61 counties in Xinjiang and Corps and sent a total of 305 doctors to Xinjiang and Corps; through the country-level backbone doctor training program, held medical worker trainings for a total of 305 people in Xinjiang and the Corps. In terms of talent policy, allowed Xinjiang to delineate the local employment standard of professional and technical qualification examination, and allowed Xinjiang to set the local nurse qualification line; launched the comprehensive reform of county-level public hospitals in all the 92 counties of Xinjiang, covering 13 division hospitals of Xinjiang Corp, and incorporated Hami into the name list of the fourth batch of pilot cities for the comprehensive reform of urban public hospitals. Established a remote general consultation system covering 253 hospitals and a remote high-end clear consultation system covering 14 prefectural hospitals, and organized a total of more than 130,000 remote consultations; established in Urumqi and Karamay the urban demonstration zones and nine county-level demonstration zones for the third round of AIDS prevention and control, and coordinated the WHO to appoint the key laboratory of Xinjiang’s echinococcosis of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University as the WHO’s hydatid disease prevention and management cooperation center. In 2016, the health level of residents in Xinjiang increased steadily, the maternal mortality rate decreased from 43.41/100,000 to 39.68/100,000, and the infant mortality rate decreased from 26.58 per thousand to 21.45 per thousand. Sent two national medical teams respectively from Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University and the First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College of Xi’an Jiao Tong University to carry out the tour medical treatment in Xinjiang and the Corps; through central transfer payment and other major public health programs, supported Xinjiang to launch the“Action of Health Literacy Promotion”, hold forums on health care, make publicity on the prevention and control of major diseases, create health promotion counties (districts) and carry out health literacy and tobacco epidemic monitoring activities. In June 2016, Urumqi, Kashi and Yili of Xinjiang became the demonstration cities for social integration of floating population, achieving the full coverage of permanent residents of the urban basic health care and family planning service system. 
【Support for Tibet in poverty alleviation】Issued the“Guidance on Further Supporting the Development of Health and Family Planning Career in Tibet and the Tibetan Areas of Four Provinces”. Strengthened the construction of medical service system. A total of 4.786 billion yuan of special funds was arranged to support the infrastructure construction of 724 medical institutions in Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu and Qinghai, of which 342 million yuan was issued to support the construction of 60 projects in the Tibet Autonomous Region, 2.125 billion yuan for 349 projects in Sichuan, 1.09 billion yuan for 141 projects in Yunnan, 848 billion yuan for 137 projects in Gansu, and 381 billion yuan for 37 projects in Qinghai Province. 
Increased investment in health care of women and children. The central government allocated special funds of more than 13.54 million yuan for free prenatal eugenic health examination in Tibet and the Tibetan areas of four provinces. Held trainings for more than 40 managers and technical backbones for Tibet and the Tibetan areas of four provinces; arranged transfer payment funds of 66.5 million yuan for the implementation of children’s nutrition improvement projects in 76 counties of Tibet and the Tibetan areas of four provinces, and issued free nourishments to 80,000 6-24-month-old children in the project areas, benefiting a total of 319,000 people. Provided free PKU and CH screening services for 6043 rural newborns in Tibet and the Tibetan areas in four provinces (excluding those in the Tibetan areas of Gansu and Qinghai), provided neonatal hearing screening services for 5710 rural newborns, discovered ten newborns had hearing impairment; and invested more than 34 million yuan in the activity of“Guangcai Tour in Tibetan Areas”jointly sponsored by NHFPC and China Society for Promotion of the Guangcai Program. 
Improved the level of disease control. 940 million yuan of central subsidy funds was arranged to support the prevention and control of AIDS in Tibet and the Tibetan areas of four provinces, with an increase of 17.4% over 2015; 93.77 million yuan of transfer payments was arranged for tuberculosis prevention and control in the Tibetan areas of four provinces; and 106.84 million yuan of transfer payments was arranged for the prevention and control of hydatid disease. The NHFPC invested 7.98 million yuan and commissioned the CDC to establish an echinococcosis workstation in Ganzi Prefecture; organized 17 provinces and municipalities to carry out investigation into the echinococcosis situation in 70 counties of Tibet and hold three training courses for the disease control personnel and B-mode ultrasound doctors; held the kick-off meeting on the elimination of malaria and the training course on the elimination of malaria in Motuo County, coordinated Guangdong Province to send six people to carry out infection source monitoring, patient examination and treatment, media control and epidemic disposal in Motuo County (the only county prone to malaria in China) of Linzhi City, Tibet. The central government issued subsidy funds of 2.6 million yuan to support the implementation of mental health projects in the Tibet Autonomous Region. NHFPC coordinated eight provinces (municipalities) to send 51 professionals to carry out screening and diagnosis services for patients with severe mental disorders in 43 districts and counties. 
Strengthened the training of talents. The central government issued 20 million yuan to support the construction of four standardized training bases of resident doctors in the Tibet Autonomous Region; invested 18.27 million yuan to support Tibet to recruit 235 resident doctors. Formulated and issued the“Circular on Strengthening the Standardized Training of Residents for the Counterpart Support for Xinjiang and Tibet”, coordinated the relevant mainland provinces to launch the standardized training of residents for Tibet; organized the directional training of 400 resident doctors, the standardized training of 70 resident doctors and the training of 320 assistant general practitioners for Tibet; held job-transfer trainings of general practitioners, directional free trainings of medical students for rural areas and the training of general practitioners for 380 people; issued the“Notice on the Free Directional Training of Medical Students Based on Rural Orders in 2016”and explicitly required all regions to increase support for poor areas and ethnic areas.  Organized medical groups to provide counterpart support for Tibet. Since August 2015, in cooperation with the Ministry of Education, the NHFPC has sent eight medical groups to Tibet, helped the aided hospitals improve 788 relevant rules and regulations, cured nearly 30,000 patients, carried out more than 5700 surgeries and provided consultations for more than 12,000 person-times, and talked about intractable cases for more than 1700 times.
Improved the family planning service and family development system. The central government invested 25.78 million yuan for Tibet Autonomous Region to support the needy families with“one child, two girls”in the agricultural and pastoral areas, invested 20.92 million yuan in the implementation of the“special support system for families with special children”， invested 20.32 million yuan in the implementation of the rural family planning rewarding and assistance system, invested 16.41 million yuan in the implementation of the special support system for family planning households, and invested 10.08 million yuan in the implementation of the project of“fewer children, better life”in the western regions. Through the two levels of training, three training courses on“new family plan”were held in Tibet and the Tibetan areas in four provinces.
【Social poverty alleviation】In conjunction with LGOP and China Disabled Persons’ Federation, the NHFPC held the forum on poverty reduction and development-the Forum on Health Poverty Alleviation on the Poverty Alleviation Day, launched the“Chinese social assistance platform for serious illnesses”, integrated the government and social resources and mobilized the health and family planning resources and social forces to get involved in the health poverty alleviation. Continued to implement the project of“Health by Heart”, mobilized social resources of 254.8875 million yuan in 2016 and invested a total of 208.9868 million yuan in the project. In 2016, 163.101 million yuan of donations was received, and a total of 148.1077 million yuan was spent on public welfare. The“Donation Ceremony of the Poverty Alleviation Foundation of Health by Heart”was held, which raised 150 million yuan of project funds. The project of“Health by Heart-Happy Small Medical Kits”was launched and a total of 10654 small medical kits were distributed free of charge to the poor areas in Xinjiang, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Ningxia and Jiangxi. The“Health by Heart-Serious Illness Relief Plan”was launched with an investment of 10 million yuan in Daning County and Yonghe County of Linfen City, Shanxi Province, Qingjian County and Zizhou County of Yulin City, Shaanxi Province, and Yudu County of Ganzhou City in Jiangxi Province. Continued to implement the“Health by Heart –Carestream Runtu Plan of Grassroots Doctor Training for Poor Areas”, successively trained more than 1,000 people for the poor areas, including the subprefects in charge of health work, directors of health bureaus, hospital presidents, clinicians of pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, imaging and inspection, organized 49 physicians with at least ten years of clinical experience in Grade Ⅲ hospitals to provide three-month clinical guidance for the medical institutions in poor counties; and continued to implement the“Health by Heart –the primary medical equipment assistance plan”. As of December 30, 2016, we had completed the donation to 267 medical institutions and donated a total of 1047 sets of medical equipment worth 194.535 million yuan to the hospitals.
【Fixed-point poverty alleviation】In January 2016, the main leaders of the NHFPC carried out field survey in the counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation and held the fixed-point poverty alleviation work conference to make deployments on the fixed-point poverty alleviation work during the“13th Five-Year Plan”period. The NHFPC sent eight cadres to work in the poor counties, actively coordinated relevant resources to help the poverty reduction in the twinned poor counties; coordinated No.2 Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University to establish a five-year counterpart support relation with Zizhou County Hospital and send five experts to the county hospital for“field support”every year; coordinated the Affiliated Hospital of the Medical School at Qingdao University to take charge of the management of Daning County Hospital and make it a regional medical center to serve seven surrounding poor counties; held the pilot work conference, improved the national, provincial, municipal and county-level work coordination mechanisms, guided the four counties to implement the health and family planning personnel cultivation plan in 2016; gave priority to the four counties in the allocation of relevant programs such as the free cultivation of directional medical students based on orders, the special post program of general practitioners, and the standardized training of resident doctors, recruited a total of more than 160 grassroots medical workers; continued to implement the project of“Health by Heart”, arranged 8 million yuan for the implementation of health poverty alleviation in the four counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation, rescued a total of 718 patients with serious illnesses in the four counties in 2016, purchased medical commercial supplementary insurance for major diseases for 14551 people, held 28 health and family planning 
 
Contents
 
Ⅰ. Annual Review………………………………………………………（1）
Ⅱ. Reform and Innovation………………………………………………（8）
Ⅲ. Basic Work…………………………………………………………（21）
Ⅳ. Key Work…………………………………………………………（35）
V. Supervision and Guarantee…………………………………………（56）
Ⅵ. Industrial Poverty Alleviation………………………………………（66）
Ⅶ. Social Poverty Alleviation…………………………………………（242）
       （Ⅰ）East-West Pairing-off Poverty Alleviation…………………（242）
       （Ⅱ）Poverty Alleviation by the Army and Armed Police…………（307）
       （Ⅲ）Poverty Alleviation by Non-governmental Organizations………（311）
Ⅷ. Local Poverty Alleviation…………………………………………（344）
Ⅸ. International Cooperation…………………………………………（509）
Ⅹ. Special Research…………………………………………………（522）
Appendix………………………………………………………………（539）
 
 
 
Per capita net income of farmers and herdsmen in minority villages
 
 
 
 
Ⅵ. Industrial Poverty Alleviation.171
 
172.Yearbook of China’s Poverty Alleviation and Development,  2017
 
Ⅶ. Social Poverty Alleviation.243
 
244.Yearbook of China’s Poverty Alleviation and Development,  2017
 
Ⅷ. Local Poverty Alleviation.345
 
346.Yearbook of China’s Poverty Alleviation and Development,  2017
 
personnel workshops for more than 5500 person-times; helped poor households launch pilot planting of 2500 mu of fructus forsythia in order to increase their income; launched the project of“Health by Heart-Happy Small Medical Kits”, and donated 1,000 small medical kids worth 85,000 yuan respectively for Daning and Yonghe of Shanxi, Qingjian and Zizhou of Shaanxi. 
(Gao Yankun, the National Health and Family Planning Commission)
Poverty Alleviation by the State Asset Supervision 
and Administration Commission
【Overview】In 2016, the  State Asset Supervision and Administration Commission (hereinafter referred to as the SASAC) organized and guided the central enterprises to actively participate in the poverty alleviation and development and carry out various assistance activities in poor areas. In 2016, the SASAC initiated the establishment of the central enterprises’industry poverty alleviation foundation for poor areas, organized the central enterprises to steadily push forward the fixed-point poverty alleviation, industrial assistance for Xinjiang and counterpart support for Xinjiang and Qinghai, continued to implement the activities for central enterprises to provide support for ten thousand villages of one hundred counties in the poor old revolutionary base areas, continued to push forward the pilot work of central enterprises’involvement in emergency relief jointly with the Ministry of Civil Affairs, continued to get involved in the poverty reduction and regional development of contiguous destitute areas, and promoted the fixed-point poverty alleviation work of the organs of the SASAC. 
【Fixed-point poverty alleviation by central enterprises】In 2016, in the fixed-point poverty alleviation, the central enterprises focused on project implementation to enhance the“blood-making”capacity of poor areas, and did a lot of work in industry development, entire village advancement, labor transfer, labor employment and infrastructure construction through industrial assistance, financial aid, technological support and talents’assistance, effectively boosting the development of the local pillar industries, improving the infrastructure conditions and improving the living standards of the masses, and achieve good economic and social benefits. As of 2016, in addition to the 246 twinned key counties for national poverty alleviation and development, the central enterprises also provided counterpart support for 1034 counties (towns, villages) arranged by the local party committees and governments. In 2016, the central enterprises invested a total of 2.718 billion yuan in fixed-point poverty alleviation, launched 1984 fixed-point poverty alleviation projects, sent 868 poverty relief cadres to the poor areas, arranged 316 first secretaries for the impoverished villages, held 484 training courses and supported the construction of 74 schools and 57 hospitals (clinics). 
【Center enterprises’counterpart support for Xinjiang】In 2016, the central enterprises continued to provide industrial aid for Xinjiang, focusing on the implementation of aid projects in Xinjiang. In 2016, 38 central enterprises invested a total of 88.184 billion yuan in 9050 projects in Xinjiang; 20 central enterprises constructed 2321 projects in Xinjiang and completed the contract amount of 129.746 billion yuan. While vigorously promoting industrial assistance for Xinjiang, the central enterprises conscientiously fulfilled their political and social responsibilities, and actively participated in the construction of social public welfare undertakings and people’s livelihood projects. In 2016, the central enterprises invested 84.4596 million yuan of aid funds in Xinjiang, implemented the“Opinions on Further Strengthening the Employment and Entrepreneurship of Minority Graduates of Mainland University Who Come from Xinjiang”issued by the central government, and recruited 1289 university graduates from minority areas of Xinjiang. For three consecutive years, we carried out in Beijing the activity of“Practice Camp of the Ethnic Teenagers of Xinjiang Aided by the Central Enterprises”, and invited many young minority people of Xinjiang to visit the central enterprises.
【Center enterprises’counterpart support for Tibet】In 2016, the central enterprises continued to participate in the economic and social construction of Tibet, launched 1999 aid projects in Tibet with an investment of 17.125 billion yuan and aid funds of 109 million yuan. 15 central enterprises undertaking the task of counterpart support for Tibet launched 165 aid projects in Tibet and invested aid funds of 301 million yuan in Tibet. 
【Center enterprises’counterpart support for Qinghai】In 2016, the central enterprises invested 23.981 billion yuan in 3667 projects in Qinghai, and provided free aid funds of 260 million yuan for Qinghai. 16 central enterprises undertaking the task of counterpart support for Qinghai implemented 44 aid projects in Qinghai and have invested a total of 127 million yuan of aid funds so far. 
【Industrial investment fund】On October 13, 2016, the State Council approved the establishment of the central enterprises’industrial investment fund for poor areas. Sponsored by the SASAC, the fund is mainly used to invest in the resource development, industrial park construction and new urbanization development in poverty-stricken areas, mainly supporting the provinces, autonomous regions, old revolutionary base areas, minority areas and border areas with high a large poor population and a high incidence of poverty. 51 central enterprises promised to participate in the first phase of funding and raised 12.203 billion yuan of funds for the first time. On October 17, the founding conference of the central enterprises’industrial investment fund for poor areas was convened in Beijing. At the event, the fund company held the agreement signing ceremony for the first batch of projects jointly with the relevant regional and corporate contractors of Qinghai, Hebei, Henan, Jiangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan and Power China Resources Limited. In 2016, the fund company launched six projects with an investment of 1.44 billion yuan, achieved the goal of“preparations, establishment and investment synchronously that year”and achieved important results of the stage.
【Poverty alleviation conferences】In February 2016, the SASAC held the poverty alleviation and development work conference of central enterprises, profoundly implemented the spirit of the central poverty alleviation and development work conference and the“Decision of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on Winning the Tough Battle against Poverty”, summarized the central enterprises’poverty alleviation and development work during the“12th Five-Year Plan”period, and made overall deployments on the work at a new stage. 
【Construction of poverty alleviation institutions】To further promote the poverty alleviation and development work of central enterprises and the organs of SASAC and strengthen the organization and leadership of poverty alleviation and development work, approved by the SASAC conference, in February 2016, the SASAC set up the SASAC Leading Group for Poverty Alleviation and Development. Vice Director and Party Committee member of SASAC Xu Fushun served as the head of the leading group, Vice Director and Party Committee member of SASAC Liu Qiang and the Party Committee member and general secretary of SASAC Yan Xiaofeng served as the deputy heads. Under the leading group, the central enterprises’poverty alleviation work office and the SASAC organs’poverty alleviation work office were set up. The original“SASAC Coordination Group for Poverty Alleviation in Xinjiang, Tibet and Qinghai”was adjusted as the“SASAC Coordination Group for Counterpart Support for Xinjiang, Tibet and Qinghai”, and Vice Director and Party Committee member of the SASAC Xu Fushun served as the head of the coordination group. 
【Pilot work of“emergency relief ”】In 2016, the SASAC continued to carry out the central enterprises’fixed-point poverty alleviation in 10,000 villages of 100 counties in poor old revolutionary base areas, organized the“Tongzhou Project-the central enterprises’participation in the‘emergency relief’action”, continued to help improve the water, electricity and road infrastructure conditions in some impoverished villages of poverty-stricken old revolutionary base areas, and continued to help the masses that fell into or returned to poverty due to illness. In June, the central enterprises’poverty alleviation office of SASAC and the social assistance department of the Ministry of Civil Affairs carried out field survey on the pilot work of“emergency relief”and the implementation of“Tongzhou Project”in Jilin Province. In July, the SASAC issued a notice on the supervision and investigation of the relevant enterprises’implementation of poverty reduction in 10,000 villages of 100 counties and“emergency relief.”activities. As of the end of 2016, according to statistics, in the relevant central enterprises’activity of poverty reduction in 10,000 villages of 100 counties, 930 projects were implemented, involving 637 registered impoverished villages, benefiting 155300 registered poor people, and 405 million yuan was invested in the activities; in 63 key pilot counties for national poverty alleviation and development, the relevant central enterprises invested 20.61 million yuan of“emergency relief.”funds, benefiting 6062 poor households that fell into poverty due to illness. 
【Field research on poverty alleviation】In January 2016, the SASAC, together with the Ministry of Civil Affairs, formed a poverty alleviation publicity, research and consolation group to carry out field survey and consolation activities and make propagandas of pro-poor policies in Jiangxi Province. In November, Director of the SASAC Xiao Yaqing and the Deputy Director of the SASAC Liu Qiang headed a research group to carry out field survey on the anti-poverty work in Wei County and Pingxiang County of Hebei Province. In March, July and September, the central enterprises’poverty alleviation office of the SASAC sent a research group to carry out field research on the central enterprises’poverty alleviation and development work in Anhui, Henan and Shanxi Province. 
【Supervision over poverty alleviation】In October 2016, according to the requirements of the State Council Leading Group of Poverty Alleviation and Development, with deputy director of SASAC Xu Fushun as the head, and the deputy secretary general of SASAC Zhou Yubo as the deputy head, the SASAC and All-China Federation of industry and Commerce formed the 22nd inspection team to inspect the anti-poverty work in Xinjiang. The inspection team overcame all kinds of unfavorable factors, visited the relevant villages and households, deepened the supervision of outstanding problems, successfully completed the on-site supervision task, formed the inspection report and submitted it to the LGOP. 
【Fixed-point poverty alleviation】The SASAC attached great importance to the organs’fixed-point poverty alleviation work. In November 2016, SASAC Director Xiao Yaqing and Deputy Director Liu Qiang headed an investigation group to carry out field research on the poverty reduction work in Wei County and Pingxiang County of Hebei Province, sent condolences to needy people and visited the cadres sent there. The SASAC set up 11 cooperative groups to provide counterpart support for the poor towns in Wei County and Pingxiang County of Hebei Province; issued the“Guidelines for the Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation of Organs Directly under the SASAC”, gave full play to the role of the relevant units and dispatched cadres of the sector, actively carried out the industrial poverty alleviation, education-based poverty alleviation, party building for poverty alleviation and pairing-off poverty reduction, and vigorously implemented targeted poverty alleviation. In 2016, the relevant leaders of the SASAC, the SASAC’s organs poverty alleviation office and the cooperative groups carried out field research in the two poor counties for a dozen of times; directly invested more than 2 million yuan in kind and cash, helped the two counties introduce project funds of 100 million yuan and hold trainings of cadres and professional technical personnel for a dozen of person-times, subsidized more than 2,000 needy students, and carried out a dozen of warmth-delivery activities, benefiting nearly 10,000 registered poor households.
(Liang Xiaotao, General Bureau of the SASAC)
Poverty Alleviation by the State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television
【Overview】In 2016, under the guidance of General secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping’s important strategic thinking on poverty alleviation and development, the State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television (hereinafter referred to as the SAPPRFT) actively implemented the spirit of the central poverty alleviation and development work conference, protected poor people’s right for reading newspapers, listening to the radio, watching TV and movies as well as other basic cultural rights and interests in accordance with the relevant work deployments made by the State Council, effectively promoted the industrial poverty alleviation and the infrastructure construction in old revolutionary base areas, minority areas, border areas and impoverished areas, and improved the e public cultural product and service supply capacity. At the same time, SAPPRET fully played its advantages as the industry leader, strengthened the publicity of poverty alleviation, created a good atmosphere of public opinion, increased support for fixed-point poverty alleviation, and continuously improved the ability of poor areas to shake off poverty and become rich.
【Production capacity building of media】To address the aging equipment and production capability deficiency of the county-level broadcasting and television institutions in the poverty-stricken areas, in the“13th Five-Year Plan”period, the SAPPRFT planned to purchase collecting, editing and broadcasting equipment for the eligible broadcasting and TV stations in 832 key counties for national poverty alleviation and development and contiguous destitute counties, and provided subsidies of 80% of the investment standard of two million yuan. In 2016, 454 million yuan of the central government’s budget funds was used to support the capacity building of 284 broadcasting and TV stations in poor counties. 
【Dongfeng Project】In the“13th Five-Year Plan”period, we expanded the scope of implementation of Dongfeng Project to all minority autonomous prefectures in China, and focused on improving the capability of digitalized processing and digital content dissemination as well as the printing and issuing capacity of minority cultural publications of the press and publication units in minority areas. In 2016, 300 million yuan of central budget funds was issued to support the equipment procurement of 46 minority language publishing units, 30 minority language printing units, the renovation of 43 county-level Xinhua bookstores and the procurement of mobile bookselling vehicles for 193 Xinhua bookstores.
【Integrated cultural service center】In 2016, the SAPPRET cooperated with the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee in the implementation of the “demonstration project of integrated cultural service centers in 10,000 villages of 100 counties in poor areas”, and purchased the broadcasting devices according to the subsidy standard of 20 thousand yuan per demonstration site. In 2016, 104 million yuan of central financial aid fund was issued and subsidies were provided for 5195 villages of 20 provinces (municipalities, autonomous regions) such as Hebei, Sichuan and Jilin Province. 
【Farmers-benefiting cultural projects】In 2016, to achieve the goal of one movie for one village per month, according to the standard of no less than 200 yuan per movie, the SAPPRET continued to provide subsidies for rural public film screening, 80% for the western regions, 50% for the central areas and 20% for the eastern regions. In 2016, a total of 714 million yuan of central subsidy funds was issued, and the film screening activity was carried out along the Long March route with the theme of“A Hundred Years of Well-off Society Building, Long march again-Implementing the Spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s Speech at the meeting commemorating the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Long March”. 
Promoted the improvement of quality and efficiency of rural libraries. Organized the formulation of the“Directory of Recommended Key Publications of Rural Libraries in 2016”, strengthened guidance on book purchase for poor areas and focused on the procurement of the publications that can help farmers improve their cultural level and ability to shake off poverty. In cooperation with the Ministry of Education, we launched the rural children’s summer reading practice themed on“my library, my dream”for the year of 2017; promoted the construction of rural satellite digital libraries and solved the difficulties in newspapers delivery to remote areas. 
Promoted the whole people’s reading in poor areas. Implemented the“Books-Childhood”reading project, issued 55,000 reading packs to the poor farmers and herdsmen in Gansu and Qinghai and carried out the reading guidance activities according to the preschool children’s intelligence and psychological characteristics, reading psychology and reading habits; carried out reading activities in“1,000 schools and one hundred communities”, and organized about 100 book publishing units to carry out various forms of reading activities with 1,000 primary and secondary schools nationwide, especially those in old revolutionary base areas, minority areas, border areas and poor areas. 
Supported TV drama compilation and translation and minority language publishing in minority areas. In 2016, according to the existing working mechanism, the SAPPRET continued to organize movie and TV play production units to donate 2,000 TV plays and 18,000 minutes of TV cartoons to Xinjiang, Tibet and Sichuan, recommend 80 movies (including 60 feature films and 20 popular science films) as the minority programs to be translated and produced, and provided translation materials for them. At the same time, in accordance with the principle of“paying equal attention to project construction and maintenance”, in 2016, the SAPPRET continued to strive for 290 million yuan of central funds of translation, earmarked for minority language radio and TV program dubbing; strived for 110 million yuan of central funds for the publication of minority characters, earmarked for supporting the development of minority press and publication career, and provided more than 1300 kinds of minority language publications for minority areas. 
【Poverty alleviation publicity】According to the requirements of the LGOP’s“Activity Program for Poverty Alleviation Day in 2016”, through the convening of publicity briefing and the issuance of the“Propaganda Bulletin”, the SAPPRET coordinated and guided radio and TV institutions at all levels to carry out various forms of all-round publicity on the Poverty Alleviation Day from various perspectives, creating a good atmosphere for public opinion. Through the special programs and a series of reports, we thoroughly interpreted the spirit of the central leading comrades’important speeches, and comprehensively introduced the important work arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, as well as the situation of domestic poverty alleviation, the pro-poor policies and the advanced individuals in the practice of poverty reduction. 
In August 2016, the CCTV released the“advertising precise poverty alleviation”project, through free or preferential advertisement sales policies, help the famous and characteristic products of poor areas and potential SMEs participate in the CCTV program, aiming to boost local industry development through brand promotion and thus push forward poverty alleviation work. With kiwi fruit of Guizhou Province as the first product to be released, this program was continuously broadcast on CCTV 5 for a whole month, as a result, the sales volume of local kiwifruit increased by ten times over the previous year.
【Poverty alleviation through talents】Conscientiously selected outstanding cadres to work in the front line of poverty alleviation; sent three hard-working cadres with good political quality and strong work ability as well as the spirit of dedication to provide counterpart support for Ganzi of Sichuan, Pingshun of Shanxi and Dayu of Jiangxi; taking these cadres as the link, continued to increase support for the development of press, radio, film and TV industries and cadre talent team construction in poor areas, and supported the cadres to make contributions to improving the level of local public cultural services, boosting local economic development and promoting social stability through various channels and different methods. 
Implemented the regional talent support program, actively coordinated the relevant units to dispatch cadres to poor areas and receive and train cadres of remote poor areas, border areas and minority areas to effectively strengthen personnel support for poverty-stricken areas. Selected 15 professional cadres from CCTV 3 and sent them to work in the radio and TV stations of Tibet, and received 30 professional cadres of the radio and TV stations of Tibet to practice in CCTV 3; sent three comrades with the PhD and senior titles to participate in the 17th batch of doctoral service groups of the Organization Department of CPC Central Committee and the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League to work in Guizhou, Gansu and Xinjiang Corps; sent three division-level young and middle-aged business backbones of CCTV 3 to practice in Inner Mongolia, Guizhou and Gansu; and coordinated two“Western light”visiting scholars of Ningxia and Tibet to study in CCTV. 
Incorporated the talents’poverty alleviation training program designed for Ganzi Prefecture of Sichuan and Liangshan Prefecture Radio and Television into the annual training plan and held trainings for a total of 53 people through commissioned trainings, the continuous studies of selected personnel and separate training places in other training programs, and 593600 yuan was issued as training fee. 
【Field research on poverty alleviation】Deputy Director and Party group member of the SAPPRET Comrade Wu Shangzhi headed a research group composed of six people from the organs of the SAPPRET to carry out field survey in Huguan County and Pingshun County of Shanxi Province, visited six families with special difficulties, and sent consolation money of 220,000 yuan to the needy students and poor people in the two counties. During the investigation and condolences, by holding seminars with the local county party committees and governments, the research group carried out in-depth survey in the countryside and visited the masses to understand the local economic and cultural development situation and urgent needs, got a lot of first-hand information, and carried out an in-depth study on the combination of the requirements of SAPPRET and the actual situation of the local area as well as the targeted implementation of relief measures, laying a solid foundation for the further implementation of targeted poverty alleviation. 
【Fixed-point poverty alleviation】In 2016, the SAPPRET continued to promote the fixed-point poverty alleviation work. First, donated money to needy students. Organized relevant cadres and workers to donate a total of 820,000 yuan for the needy families and poor students in Pingshun County of Shanxi Province, Dege County of Sichuan Province, Dayu County of Jiangxi Province and Nangqian County of Qinghai Province, covering 120 needy families and 554 poor students; coordinated social resources to carry out the“one-for-one”aid activity, and provided  a total of 1.1357 million yuan of subsidies for 52 registered poor students at different ages and grades to high school graduation, 3120 yuan per capita per year; coordinated China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation to help Pingshun County establish the New Great Wall Aspiring Class of Senior High School, selected 35 registered poor students of Grade I to receive a total of 367500 subsidies until high school graduation, 3,500 yuan per capita per year; helped Dege County, Pingshun County, Nangqian County and Yu County construct a number of Taofen book houses, selected five primary and secondary schools from each county to be equipped with one Taofen book house, and each book house was equipped with books worth 100,000 yuan, and a total of books worth 2 million yuan were provided. Second, supported the construction of hardware and software in poor areas. Taking the implementation of the“Measures for the Management of Genuine Software Used by Government Organs”as a turning point, we guided Pingshun County to grow into a pilot county for the application of domestic software. In October 2016, the Shanxi Provincial Copyright Bureau organized the training of pilot application of domestic software in Pingshun County. At the event, Guangxi Emind Operating Software Co., Ltd. donated operating software worth 1.398 million yuan and Beijing Kingsoft Office Software Company donated office software worth 3.408 million yuan. To address the weak capacity of radio program production and the unhealthy broadcasting system, the SAPPRET invested 3.183 million yuan of funds to purchase radio program production and broadcasting platform equipment for 18 county radio and TV stations in Ganzi Prefecture in three phases; completed the third-phase equipment installation and debugging as well as relevant skills training for seven counties, namely Luding, Danba, Jiulong, Yajiang, Baiyu, Batang and Xiangcheng County, with an investment of 1.087 million yuan. Third, gave full play to the advantages of news propaganda. Coordinated the“Agricultural World”of CCTV 7 and the“Travel Around China”of CCTV 4 to publicize the new rural construction, planting, breeding and travel information of Pingshun County; and provided subsidies of 250,000 yuan to support Huguan County to publish six book in two series, namely the“Tourism Culture of Taihang Mountain Grand Canyon of Huguan County”and the“Ode of Huguan Village”. 
(Mao Enrong, Financial Department, 
the State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television)
Poverty Alleviation by the State Forestry Administration
【Overview】In 2016, the State Forestry Administration seriously implemented the spirit of the central poverty alleviation and development work conference, introduced a series of pro-poor policies based on the forest resource advantages of poor areas, and determined the guideline of“four precisions and three consolidations”for the targeted poverty alleviation in the field of forestry, namely the accurate selection of ecological forest rangers, returning farmland to forest for specific households, targeted financial support based on the interest distribution mechanism, targeted poverty alleviation for poor counties until the counties take off the“hat”of poverty; implementing large-scale afforestation action to consolidate poverty reduction results; enhancing the level of forest tourism to consolidate poverty reduction results; and developing local special fruit trees and under-forest economy to consolidate poverty reduction results. 
In 2016, based on the construction of key projects in forestry industry, focusing on improving the ecological conditions in poor areas and enhancing the self-development ability of impoverished regions and poor people, the State Forestry Administration gave priority to the poor areas in the implementation of pro-poor policies and the allocation of relief funds, arranged 41.8 billion yuan of forestry investment in 832 poor counties, further increased support for the twinned poor counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation and the 14 contiguous destitute areas including the stony desertification areas of Yunnan, Guangxi and Guizhou to effectively improve the accuracy and effectiveness of poverty reduction. 
【Construction of poverty alleviation system】Issued the“Notice of the State Forestry Administration on Strengthening Ecological Protection and Boosting Industrial Development in Poor Areas to Promote Targeted Poverty Alleviation”to make deployments for the overall thinking and key work of targeted poverty reduction in the field of forestry at the next stage; issued the“Notice of the Office of State Forestry Administration on Relevant Issues concerning Supporting the Integrated Use of Financial Agricultural Funds in Poor Counties”to put forward specific requirements for the forestry-related work in the integration of agricultural funds; issued the“Action Plan for Poverty Alleviation by Forestry Science and Technology”and made overall deployments on giving full play to the forestry scientific and technological advantages and promoting the poverty alleviation by forestry science and technology. At the same time, the State Forestry Administration also participated in the preparation, revisal and reporting work of the“Planning for Poverty Reduction in the‘13th Five-Year Plan’Period”, and issued the“Circular on Issuing the Guidance on Developing Characteristic Industries to Promote Targeted Poverty Alleviation in Poor Areas”jointly with nine departments including the Ministry of Agriculture. 
【Selection and appointment of ecological rangers】In 2016, based on in-depth field research, the State Forestry Administration issued the“Circular on the Selection and Appointment of Ecological Rangers from the Registered Poor”(Lin Gui Fa [2016] No.171) jointly with the Ministry of Finance and LGOP, focusing on the contiguous destitute areas, targeting at the poor with certain ability to work but without the ability to shake off poverty, selected 288,000 people from the registered poor of 21 central and western provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) as the ecological forest rangers, arranged 2 billion yuan of central financial funds for the purchase of ecological services, increased the income of 1.08 million people and lifted them out of poverty, achieving the win-win situation of ecological protection and targeted poverty alleviation. 
【Returning farmland to forest】In 2016, the State Forestry Administration coordinated the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance to arrange 80% of the increased task of returning farmland to forest of 13.35 million mu to Guizhou, Gansu, Yunnan, Xinjiang and Chongqing, where there is a large farmland area and a large number of registered poor people. 4.14 million mu of farmland was required to be transformed into forest in the whole country, involving 729,000 impoverished households, and central subsidy funds of 1500 yuan per mu were issued. 
【Industrial poverty alleviation】The State Forestry Administration integrated the forestry funds, coordinated the financial sector to provide long-term loans to support the development of camellia oleifera, walnut and other woody oil plants with a large planting area, a long industry chain, a wide range of product categories, a long period of benefit and a large employment capacity that can not only make the poor areas to benefit steadily for a long time, but also maintain the national grain safety, and advocated the cooperation with leading enterprise, cooperatives and state-owned forest farms to establish the mechanism for the interest linkage with poor households, especially the registered poor, aiming to ensure that the poor can get benefits through land transfer, labor services and dividend sharing in the early stage and get income in the full fruiting period. The State Forestry Administration provided interest subsidy for the loans issued to the farmers. 
Combined with the implementation of key forestry projects, while ensuring the ecological benefits, we vigorously developed the characteristic fruit trees and the under-forest economy that are suitable for poor areas and have huge market demands. In 2016, the State Forestry Administration identified 225“national under-forest economy and green industry demonstration bases serving targeted poverty alleviation”to promote the development of under-forest economy by the poor for income growth through employment. 
Local governments actively explored forestry ecosystem construction to solve the employment problem of poor people. Shanxi Province’s practice of establishing poverty-relief forestation cooperatives was highly affirmed. 
【Ex-situ relocation for poverty alleviation】Combined with large-scale land greening, we accelerated the ecological restoration in the original places for ex-situ relocation to improve the ecological environment in poverty-stricken areas, and arranged the labor force of relocated households to participate in the ecological protection and construction in order to consolidate the results of ex-situ relocation.
【Tourism-based poverty alleviation】Further strengthened the infrastructure construction in the forest parks, wetland parks and nature reserves, vigorously developed the forest tourism, created“forest families”for poor people, and boosted the development of tourism-related industries such as planting, aquaculture and handicraft industry in order to increase the income of poor people and lift them out of poverty. 
【Poverty alleviation trainings】By organizing all kinds of practical forestry technology and management training courses, the State Forestry Administration organized the relevant experts and technical personnel to promote the implementation of practical forestry technologies in the countryside and give on-site guidance to help solve technical problems at the grassroots level, improving the scientific and technological awareness and level of the masses and cadres in the poor areas. In 2016, the State Forestry Administration entrusted International Center for Bamboo and Rattan to hold two technical trainings for forestry poverty alleviation and two trainings on bamboo weaving for a total of 295 management and technical persons in the front line of production of the forestry sector, forest farmers and people from big planting households. The training contents include bamboo processing, utilization and innovation technologies, high-yield cultivation technology of bamboo resources, bamboo and forest pest and disease control technology, bamboo and bamboo products art, cultivation of improved camellia oleifera seeds, low-yield forest transformation technology, and the oil tea nutrition quality and processing quality control technology, etc.. 
【Poverty alleviation publicity】In 2016, the State Forestry Administration strengthened the publicity of poverty alleviation by the forestry sector. First, made propagandas of the Third Poverty Alleviation Day. Deputy Director of the State Forestry Administration attended and addressed the industry forum, and made propagandas of poverty alleviation by the forestry sector in a full page of the China Green times. Second, according to the deployment of the State Council Leading Group of Poverty Alleviation and Development, the chief engineer of the State Forestry Administration headed an investigation group composed of relevant principals of the People’s Bank of China to make propagandas of poverty alleviation in Liaoning Province. Third, regularly issued briefings on poverty alleviation by the forestry sector, strengthened the publicity of poverty alleviation by the forestry sector and established typical models to explore advanced experience and promote the implementation of advanced models. Fourth, organized cadres to participate in the appraisal and selection of National Poverty Alleviation Award, and Comrade Gao Zhonghai, who was sent to work in Longsheng County by the State Forestry Administration was the only winner of the National Poverty Alleviation Award among the officials of central organs in 2016. 
【Poverty alleviation in contiguous destitute areas】In 2016, the State Forestry Administration increased support for targeted poverty alleviation through forestry development in the stony desertification zones of Yunnan, Guangxi and Guizhou, constantly improved the relevant measures, arranged 4.15 billion yuan of central forestry funds for this program, 9.2 percentage points above the average investment during the“12th Five-Year Plan”period, achieved significant results in lifting one batch of people out of poverty through ecological compensation and helping one batch of people shake off poverty through industry development, increased the income of 429,000 poor people, and lifted them out of poverty. Meanwhile, the State Forestry Administration further accelerated ecological protection and restoration and the comprehensive treatment of rocky desertification, completed the afforestation of 5.62 million mu and forest tending of 3.13 million mu, and achieved a forest coverage rate of 57.6% in the contiguous destitute areas and a total output value of 150.9 billion yuan of the forestry industry in the contiguous destitute areas. On April 18, 2016, the State Forestry Administration and the Ministry of Water Resources jointly held the conference on the regional development and poverty reduction in the stony desertification zones of Yunnan, Guangxi and Guizhou in 2016. Director General of the State Forestry Administration attended and addressed the event, and we provided 37 free booths for the stony desertification zones of Yunnan, Guangxi and Guizhou at the forestry industry expo. 
【Fixed-point poverty alleviation】In 2016, relevant leaders of the State Forestry Administration carried out field survey in Libo County and Dushan County of Guizhou Province as well as the Luocheng County and Longsheng County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region for many times to guide the local targeted poverty alleviation work. The State Forestry Administration issued the“Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation Plan of the State Forestry Administration”, decomposed the task of fixed-point poverty alleviation to the relevant bureaus, departments and units; and formulated the“Planning for Forestry-based Poverty Alleviation in the Counties for Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation during the‘13th Five-Year Plan’Period”to determine the ideas and key points of the forestry-based poverty reduction in the near future. Meanwhile, we increased policy support. In 2016, 190 million yuan of central funds was issued for the forestry-based poverty reduction in the four poor counties. The State Forestry Administration coordinated China Development Bank and the Agricultural Development Bank to sign the cooperation agreements with the four counties and issue 1.783 billion yuan of loans to the counties; arranged 6500 ecological forest rangers, sent five poverty relief cadres to enhance the ability for counterpart support, and donated forestry books worth 500,000 yuan to the four poor counties. According to statistics, throughout the year, a total of 54694 people in the four counties were lifted out of poverty, and the local poverty rate dropped by 4%-7% compared to that in 2015. 
(Xiong Xiaofei, Department of Development Planning and Fund Management, 
State Forestry Administration)
Poverty Alleviation by State Tobacco Monopoly Administration
【Overview】In 2016, State Tobacco Monopoly Administration conscientiously implemented the decisions and arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, played its industrial advantages to implement the common values of“national interests first, consumers’interest first”, in accordance with the overall requirements of“six precisions”and“five one-batch”, made good use of the planned resources to contribute to the economic development of the old revolutionary base areas, minority areas, border areas and poor areas, made good use of the tobacco policy to lift the tobacco growers in these areas out of poverty, and used donated funds to enhance the endogenous power of the twinned poor areas; increased counterpart support for the poverty reduction in Zhuxi County and Zhushan County of Shiyan City, Hubei Province, continued to implement the poverty alleviation and development projects such as the project of“supporting the revitalization and development of the original Central Soviet Area in Southern Jiangxi”, supported Yunnan Tobacco to implement the entire town advancement and entire ethnic group support work in the Blang ethnic enclaves in Baoshan City and the Achang ethnic enclaves in Dehong Prefecture, began to provide counterpart support for the poverty reduction in Hongsipu District of Wuzhong City, Ningxia, and continued to implement special policies to support the poverty alleviation work in Tibet and Xinjiang.
【Industrial poverty alleviation】In 2016, the tobacco industry implemented the anti-poverty work relying in tobacco industry, pushed forward the ex-situ relocation, new rural construction, small town construction and public welfare project construction, and created a series of new highlights in the poverty alleviation work of the tobacco industry. First, continued to invest steadily in infrastructure construction. Arranged budget funds of 5 billion yuan for infrastructure construction in tobacco field and 5 billion yuan for water source project construction to enhance the sustainable development capacity of tobacco production and promote the infrastructure construction and environmental improvement in rural areas; second, organized the scientific implementation of disaster relief activities. Launched the disaster damage claims and disaster relief in a timely manner to minimize the losses of tobacco growers in the provinces, especially the southern tobacco growing areas hit by major natural disasters such as rainstorms, floods and hailstone; third, played the industrial advantages and made good use of the tobacco policy to lift the tobacco growers in the old revolutionary base areas, minority areas, border areas and poor areas out of poverty and boost the economic and social development in tobacco growing areas. As a result, despite the decrease in total tobacco production and purchase volume, the tobacco production plan maintained relatively stable for the poor areas, which promoted the income growth of tobacco growers. 
【Poverty alleviation in contiguous destitute areas】In 2016, the tobacco industry continued to support the poverty reduction work in the stony desertification zones in Yunnan, Guangxi and Guizhou and the border poor areas in the west of Yunnan according to the requirements of the inter-ministerial liaison work mechanism, through the development of tobacco industry, strengthened infrastructure construction in the field of tobacco production, strengthened financial support and pushed forward water source project construction to promote the regional development and poverty alleviation and improve the production and living conditions of the masses in the contiguous destitute areas. Invested 283 million yuan in the improvement of tobacco production infrastructure and the development of tobacco industry in the stony desertification zones in Yunnan, Guangxi and Guizhou in order to boost the regional development and poverty reduction among the farmers; invested 146  million yuan in the poverty reduction across the county, the infrastructure improvement, cultural facility construction and poverty-relief village building in the contiguous destitute areas in order to improve the quality of life of the masses in the contiguous destitute areas; put 1.098 billion yuan in the construction of 23 water source projects to improve the irrigation and drinking conditions in the contiguous destitute areas; issued subsidy funds of 2.554 billion yuan for the construction of production infrastructure and water source projects, and allocated special funds of 322 million yuan for public donations and improvement of people’s livelihood.
【Assistance for the poverty reduction in Tibet and Xinjiang】In August 2016, the tobacco sector held the fifth work conference on aiding Tibet, the State Tobacco Monopoly Administration signed an agreement on poverty alleviation with the people’s government of the Tibet Autonomous Region and planned to issue 500 million yuan for the targeted poverty reduction among the poor in Zhanang County, Gongga County, Bange County and Jima Town of Zhongbu County in the Tibet Autonomous Region in the“13th Five-Year Plan”period. In addition, in 2016, State Tobacco Monopoly Administration donated 5 million yuan to the Tibet Development Foundation, installed solar power systems for 13 primary schools and provided computer classrooms for 4 secondary schools. The Tobacco Monopoly Bureau (Company) of Tibet Autonomous Region (hereinafter referred to as the“Tibet Regional Bureau”) and its subordinated units also took various measures to support the local poverty alleviation work. The Tibet Regional Bureau donated 115610 yuan for the maintenance and construction of the village committee and publicity column; invested 320 million yuan in organizing 12 group sports activities to enrich the spiritual life of the poor; donated 160 thousand yuan for condolences to the poor in the Spring Festival and Tibetan New Year of 2016; issued special training funds of 100,000 yuan for the holding of two skills training, organized 20 people to work in non-local areas; and organized the cadres to donate 74300 yuan for the improvement of the living standards of the twinned poor households. Shigatse City Tobacco Monopoly Bureau (Company) strived to carry forward the Duixie culture of Lazi County, aiming to increase the income of the masses. 
In 2016, the Tobacco Monopoly Bureau (Company) of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (hereinafter referred to as the“Xinjiang Regional Bureau”) issued a total of 64.3057 million yuan of poverty-relief funds to support the poverty reduction in Xinjiang. Among that, 60 million yuan was issued for the construction of Tuanjie New Village in Hetian, covering the construction of 500 sets of houses, 1,000 vegetable greenhouses and the infrastructure such as water conservancy facilities, canal, supermarkets and convenient markets in Jinye Village and Yuye Village; 3.3257 million yuan was issued for the construction of roads, domestic water, canal, convenient supermarkets and convenient markets, the issuance of easements, and operation of relevant water, electricity and warming facilities in the“two committees”of the villages; 980,000 yuan was donated as the fixed-point poverty alleviation funds for Kaerjiao Town, Jimunai County, Aertai, mainly for well digging, major illness treatment, the improvement of housing conditions for farmers and herdsmen, and the condolences to the needy, etc. At the same time, the Xinjiang Regional Bureau sent 34 village-stationed working teams to the whole region and dispatched 87 working members to support the local anti-poverty work of poor areas. Xinjiang Cigarette Factory invested 1.5 million yuan of public welfare funds in the counterpart support for Aleteng Yemule Town of Yumin County, Tacheng, mainly for visiting the masses and improving the infrastructure of local area.
【Support for entire ethnic group】In 2016, the tobacco industry continued to promote the entire town advancement and entire ethnic group support in Blang ethnic enclaves of Baoshan City and the Achang ethnic enclaves in Dehong Prefecture of Yunnan Province. According to the overall deployments of the Yunnan Provincial Party Committee and Provincial Government, Yunnan Provincial Tobacco Monopoly Bureau (Company) and China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Yunnan Tobacco) provided counterpart support respectively for Achang minority area of Dehong Prefecture and Blang minority area of Baoshan City, and invested 200 million yuan of annual special poverty-relief funds for three consecutive years since 2015. In 2016, Yunnan Tobacco allocated special funds of 400 million yuan for the housing construction, industry development, infrastructure construction, social undertakings and personnel training in the two minority areas; developed 31600 mu of tobacco fields in three Achang towns, purchased 93,500 loads of tobacco, achieved tobacco growers’total income of 123 million yuan and tobacco tax of 27.1322 million yuan; promoted the development of non-tobacco industries and the development of aquaculture, characteristic economic crops, traditional ethnic handicraft industry and agricultural products processing industry, and broadened the channels of income growth by establishing agricultural cooperatives and supporting the introduction of e-commerce businesses. 
【Counterpart support】In 2016, State Tobacco Monopoly Administration was designated to provide counterpart support for the original Central Soviet Area in Southern Jiangxi, and invested a total of 168 million yuan to help improve the people’s livelihood in Xingguo County of Jiangxi Province. Jiangxi Tobacco Monopoly Bureau (Company) and China Tobacco Jiangxi Industrial Co., Ltd. each invested 100 million yuan to support the revitalization and development of the original Central Soviet Area in southern Jiangxi. 
In 2016, State Tobacco Monopoly Administration issued 100 million yuan as the new rural construction funds of Xingguo County, of which 45 million yuan was invested in the construction of 42 Jinye new villages, the implementation of entire village advancement projects in 32 villages that had shaken off poverty, and completed the water supply and toilet transformation for more than 300 poor households. The construction of Jinye new villages benefited 2800 households and more than 14,000 people and narrowed the gap between urban and rural infrastructure and basic public services. 15 million yuan was allocated for the implementation of targeted industrial poverty alleviation projects, covering the construction of beef cattle bases, vegetable bases, lotus bases and other poverty alleviation industry bases in more than ten towns, increasing the income of the poor; 40 million yuan was allocated for the implementation of education and livelihood projects. Among the 20 township kindergartens, 18 have been put into operation and recruited students, enabling more rural children to enjoy high-quality educational resources. 62.5196 million yuan was issued for the improvement of the water transport capacity of Changlong Irrigation District, benefiting more than 80,000 people of 35 administrative villages in five towns. In addition, the cadres dispatched to poor areas played a role as a link, coordinated the foundation to issue poverty-relief funds of 5.7 million yuan, and made positive contributions to the targeted poverty reduction in Xingguo County. 
【Fixed-point poverty alleviation】In 2016, State Tobacco Monopoly Administration was designated to be responsible for the fixed-point poverty alleviation in three poor counties, namely Hongsipu District of Wuzhong City, Ningxia Autonomous Region, and Zhuxi County and Zhushan County of Hubei Province. 
State Tobacco Monopoly Administration launched the fixed-point poverty alleviation work in Hongsipu District in 2016, and decided to invest annual relief funds of 10 million for Hongsipu District to develop beef cattle breeding for five consecutive years, aiming to promote the planting of livestock feed in the upstream and the development of slaughtering industry in the downstream areas so as to boost the economic and social development in Hongsipu District and lift the masses out of poverty. Founded by the tobacco system, Ningxia Hongde Packing Material Co., Ltd. achieved industrial output value of 175.32 million yuan in 2016, accounting for 12% of the total industrial output value of local area; made profits of 13.2016 million yuan, employed 284 workers, and provided jobs for 164 people in Hongsipu District and the southern areas (the children from registered poor households and the disabled accounted for 9%).
Continued to implement the fixed-point poverty alleviation in Zhushan County, and invested 15 million yuan in the construction of 23 poverty relief projects in the field of public service, tobacco industry, vegetable and animal husbandry industry, household poverty reduction, new rural construction, the poverty reduction through immigrants’resettlement, information-based poverty alleviation, and poverty alleviation through cultural and educational development, covering 17 towns in the county, of which 2.8 million yuan was invested in infrastructure projects, 1.38 million yuan in new rural construction, 600 thousand yuan in ex-situ relocation, 200 thousand yuan for in public projects, 2.5 million yuan in health poverty alleviation, 1.9 million yuan in education-based poverty alleviation, and 5.62 million yuan in industrial poverty alleviation.
Continued to implement the fixed-point poverty alleviation in Zhuxi County; focusing on“industrial and economic development, improving people’s livelihood and creating excellent poverty alleviation projects of the tobacco sector”, supported the construction of the beautiful countryside, paid more attention to the livelihood of the people in poor areas, pushed forward the development of cultural and educational undertakings, and implemented a total of 24 conventional projects and two pilot innovative projects (non-tobacco products’e-commerce platform, leveraged financial discount) with an investment of 15 million yuan. Among that, 3.5 million yuan was used for the construction of the beautiful countryside, 1.5 million yuan for the construction of water conservancy projects to solve drinking water problem of the masses, 3.1 million yuan for road building, 1.2 million yuan for the construction of village committees and cultural squares in three impoverished villages, and more than 3 million yuan for the toilet transformation and the construction of student dormitories in 12 rural primary and secondary schools. Also, 300,000 yuan of discount funds was issued for the micro credit loans to poor households, 50,000 yuan was invested in the construction of the logistics platform of e-commerce, and some funds were issued to support the development of bee industry and characteristic aquaculture industry. 
In addition, in 2016, State Tobacco Monopoly Administration donated 1.92 million yuan to China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation in order to subsidize the needy high school students in Zhushan County and Zhuxi County, and donated 2 million yuan to the Western China Human Resources Development Foundation in order to help the rural left-behind children in Zhushan County and Zhuxi County.
【Poverty alleviation by sending cadres】In 2016, State Tobacco Monopoly Administration dispatched a total of five cadres to serve as the subprefect of Xingguo County, Zhuxi County and Zhushan County, the deputy head of Hongsipu District and the first secretary of Jinling Village in Zhushan County respectively. Keeping in mind their mission, the five cadres did a lot of practical work in the poor areas, really helped the poor people, and strived to boost the local economic and social development and make a contribution to the improvement of the people’s livelihood, highly praised by the masses and the local cadres. 
(Tan Qianpeng, State Tobacco Monopoly Administration)
Poverty Alleviation by the National Energy Administration
【Overview】Giving full play to the basic role of energy development and construction in winning the tough battle against poverty, combined with the resource endowment in poor areas, adhering to the basic strategy of targeted poverty alleviation, taking the opportunity for the preparation of 2016 industrial planning, the National Energy Administration strengthened the overall planning for energy development and the convergence between 14 special plans and the poverty reduction planning for the“13th Five-Year Plan”period, and incorporated the hydropower, thermal power and power transmission projects with the conditions for development in poor areas into the poverty reduction planning for the“13th Five-Year Plan”period. In 2016, based on the resource endowment in the impoverished regions, the National Energy Administration approved the implementation of some large hydropower stations in Maerdang of Yellow River in Qinghai and Yeba Beach of Jinsha River, arranged central government budgets to support the safe transformation of the coal mines in the key counties for national poverty alleviation and development, made clear the scale of the first batch of PV power generation-based poverty reduction projects; launched a new round of rural power grid transformation and upgrading projects, and implemented the key-problem tackling for rural power grid construction in Tibet, Xinjiang and the Tibetan areas in Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu and Qinghai, aiming to boost the economic development and improve the people’s livelihood in the poor areas.
【Construction of poverty alleviation system】Arranged the chapter and content of poverty alleviation in the“13th Five-Year Plan for Energy Development”and the relevant special planning, made clear the key tasks and objectives, such as to improve the infrastructure for residents’energy use, implement the energy development-based poverty alleviation projects, enhance the level of energy services and develop rural clean energy, and guided the investment of social resources in impoverished regions. In the examination and approval of provincial energy development planning, highlighted the important position of energy construction in poor areas, and incorporated the electric power development-based poverty alleviation projects in Xinfeng of Jiangxi into the“13th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Electric Power Industry”to boost the orderly development of coal power industry in poor areas.
【Poverty alleviation through photovoltaic power generation】In 2016, we continued to expand the coverage of poverty alleviation through PV power generation to include 35,000 registered impoverished villages of 471 poor counties in 16 provinces (autonomous regions) with good light conditions, and implemented the PV power generation-based poverty alleviation through entire village advancement. Issued the“Opinions on the Implementation of Poverty Alleviation through PV Power Generation”jointly with the National Development and Reform Commission, LGOP, China Development Bank and the Agricultural Development Bank, and made clear the objective of ensuring the annual income growth of more than 3,000 yuan per household for two million registered poor households without the ability to work (including people with disabilities). Issued the“Notice on the Issuance of An Outline of the Implementation Plan for Poverty Alleviation through PV Power Generation”, reviewed the implementation plans submitted by various provinces jointly with LGOP, and put forward the construction target of 5.16 million kw for the first batch of PV power generation-based poverty alleviation projects, including 2.18 million kw for village-level PV power stations and 2.98 million kw for centralized ground power stations, benefiting 550,000 impoverished households. 
【Transformation and upgrading of rural power grids】In 2016, in accordance with the requirements of the“Notice on the Implementation of a New Round of Rural Power Grid Transformation and Upgrading in the‘13th Five-Year Plan’Period”, the National Energy Administration launched a new round of rural power grid upgrading and transformation projects; prepared the“2016-2017 Implementation Plan for the Rural Power Grid Transformation and Upgrading in Central Villages of Small Towns and the Construction of Power Supply for Rural Motor-pumped Wells”, planned to invest 190 billion yuan in the rural power grid transformation and upgrading as well as the power supply for rural motor-pumped wells in two years, which will benefit 85,000 small towns and central villages in 2416 counties, involving 1.5 million motor-pumped wells and 210 million mu of farmland; and announced the central government investment of 38.5 billion yuan for the rural power grid transformation and upgrading in the central and western regions in two batches, of which 12.7 billion yuan was for the national key countries for poverty reduction and the counties in contiguous destitute areas. In 2016, we addressed the“low voltage”problem of 3.5 million rural electricity users nationwide, and completed the supply or transformation of dynamic electricity for 14100 poor villages. 
【Hydropower development】In 2016, we approved the construction of the hydropower stations in Maerdang (involving Maqin County and Tongde County of Qinghai Province) of the Yellow River in Qinghai Province and Yeba Beach of Jinsha River (involving Baiyu County of Sichuan Province and Gongjue County of Tibet Autonomous Region) with a total installed capacity of 4.44 million kw and a total investment of about 56 billion yuan. 
【Safe transformation of coal mines】We arranged central budget funds to support the safe transformation of eight coal mines in the national key counties for poverty alleviation and development, accelerated the construction of key coalbed methane projects in Sanjiao and Liulin of Lvliang Region, and built demonstration mines for gas control in Liupanshui and other mining areas of Guizhou in order to improve the level of coal seam gas (coal-mine gas) extraction and utilization.
【Overview of the fixed-point poverty alleviation】According to the requirements of the“Key Points for the Fix-point Poverty Alleviation and Counterpart Support Work of National Energy Administration in 2016”, National Energy Administration made further innovations to the policy measures, accelerated the development and utilization of energy resources in Tongwei County and Qingshui County of Gansu Province, strengthened energy-related infrastructure construction, and increased investment in education to boost the economic and social development of Tongwei County and Qingshui County. 
【Construction of poverty alleviation system】In 2016, National Energy Administration prepared the“Overall Planning for the Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation of National Energy Administration and the Cooperation between Provincial Units in Promoting the Poverty Reduction in Tongwei County and Qingshui County (2016-2020)”(hereinafter referred to as the planning for the two counties) jointly with the Gansu provincial government. The planning for the two counties made clear the contents of the fixed-point poverty alleviation of National Energy Administration and the cooperative anti-poverty work of the provincial units of Gansu, and put forward the overall thinking, basic principles, implementation ways, key projects and safeguard measures for the poverty reduction in the two counties during the“13th Five-Year Plan”period. According to the planning, Tongwei County designed 120 major projects with a total investment of 3.9 billion yuan, covering the construction of infrastructure, the development of poverty alleviation industries and the social security, etc., and Qingshui County further promoted the“1636”poverty reduction action and implemented five income-generating projects. 
【Infrastructure construction】In 2016, Tongwei County achieved the supply of dynamic electricity for the whole county and completed the basic project of the 330 kv transformer substation in Jinping of Tongwei County. Qingshui County invested a total of 20.78 million yuan in the transformation and upgrading of rural power grids in 2016, newly built and transformed 7.86 km of 10 kv circuits, 30 distribution transformers with installed capacity of 4700 kva, 60.89 kilometers of 0.4 kv circuits, and 20473 household ammeters, and launched its 330 kv transformer substation project officially in April 2016. 
【Poverty alleviation through photovoltaic power generation】26 distributed photovoltaic power stations were set up in Tongwei County in 2016, and the other 541 are being built. Basically completed the phaseⅠ70 mw photovoltaic project of the PV power generation-based poverty alleviation industry demonstration park integrating agriculture and sightseeing in Bangluo Town of Tongwei County, completed 70% of the 10 kw booster stations and 65% of the 110 kw transmission lines. After the completion of the project, it will lift 1500 households out of poverty. The pilot projects of distributed PV power generation-based poverty alleviation for 200 households in Qingshui County all implemented the model of“centralized construction and full Internet access”and have been formally connected to the power grid. In 2016, Qingshui County issued the funding plan for 317 households, and submitted the implementation plan on the pilot projects of distributed PV power generation-based poverty alleviation for 300 households. 
【Field research on poverty alleviation】In August 2016, Deputy Director General of National Energy Administration Li Yangzhe headed an investigation group to carry out field survey on the fixed-point poverty alleviation in Gansu Province, visited the local energy infrastructure projects and energy development-based poverty alleviation projects, held the work conference on the preparation of poverty reduction planning, reviewed the“Overall Planning for the Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation of National Energy Administration and the Cooperation between Provincial Units in Promoting the Poverty Reduction in Tongwei County (2016-2020)”and the“Overall Planning for the Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation of National Energy Administration and the Cooperation between Provincial Units in Promoting the Poverty Reduction in Qingshui County (2016-2020)”, and explored the way to promote the implementation of energy development-based poverty alleviation projects jointly with the relevant local departments and enterprises.
【Poverty alleviation in education】In 2016, for four consecutive years, we organized 20 pupils from needy families and six teachers of Tongwei County and Qingshui County to take part in the one-week study tour in Beijing; organized four experts and scholars of Beijing to give lectures on economic, financial, cultural and tourism industry for the local cadres and masses; entrusted North China Electric Power University to organize the university students to take part in the10-day teaching support activity in Tongwei County, and a total of more than 100 middle school students participated in the event. 
(Li Gang, Department of Development and Planning, National Energy Administration)
Poverty Alleviation by China Banking Regulatory Commission
【Overview】China Banking Regulatory Commission (hereinafter referred to as the CBRC) attached great importance to rural financial services for poor areas. In 2016, by guiding the banking institutions to increase agricultural credit loans, we vigorously developed rural inclusive finance, deepened the structural reform of financial institutions in rural areas, constantly enriched the rural financial service providers, made innovations to the rural financial products and services, improved the rural financial environment, steadily pushed forward the fixed-point poverty alleviation work and effectively enhanced the level of financial services in poor areas.
【Guiding the increase of agricultural credit loans】In 2016, the“Notice of the General Office of CBRC on Promoting Rural Financial Services in 2016”was issued, which guided the banking institutions to adapt to the rural situation, the characteristics of agriculture and the needs of farmers, deepen the reform and innovation of rural finance, improve the financial support system, enhance the ability of financial support for agriculture, and continue to give priority to agriculture, rural areas and rural residents in the allocation of financial resources. By the end of 2016, the balance of agricultural loans of the banking sector was 28.23 trillion yuan, with an increase of 2.41 trillion yuan over the beginning of the year, 7.1% up over the previous year. 
【Rural inclusive finance】In 2016, the“Guiding Opinions of the General Office of CBRC on Promoting the Development of Inclusive Finance in 2016”was issued, which required financial agencies to increase supply of inclusive financial services and products, significantly improve the level of financial services for small and micro enterprises, poor rural residents and special groups, and put forward specific targets and requirements. Guided banking financial institutions to vigorously develop the financial businesses for livelihood improvement in rural areas, supported returned migrant workers, rural youth, rural women, college graduate village officials and science and technology correspondents to work and launch businesses in the countryside; improved the financial services for rural special groups such as disabled people; targeting at the contiguous destitute areas, increased credit loans, pushed forward targeted poverty alleviation, and accelerated the healthy development of poverty-relief microfinance; strived to improve basic financial services in villages and towns, and guided and encouraged banking institutions to provide financial services for the administrative villages with certain conditions and basically achieve full coverage of administrative villages. As of the end of 2016, the basic financial services had covered 542 thousand administrative villages, covering 95% of the villages; the banking outlets had been set up in 32700 towns, covering 96% of the towns. Steadily pushed forward the“full coverage of villages”of the basic financial services in the administrative villages with certain conditions, and further extended the coverage of basic financial services to villages. 
【Structural reform of rural financial institutions】Based on the characteristics and advantages of different institutions, the reform of various kinds of agriculture-related financial institutions was promoted. First, gave full play to the role of rural credit cooperatives as the main force to provide services for agricultural development. Deepened the reform of rural credit cooperatives, and set up a total of 1114 rural commercial banks by the end of 2016. Second, enhanced the function of policy-oriented financial services. Further strengthened the position of the function of policy bank, and made clear policy banks’business scope and regulatory standards. Third, the pilot reform of the“financial department serving agriculture, rural areas and rural residents”of the Agricultural Bank has been fully completed. Fourth, supported the Postal Savings Bank of China to give full play to the advantages of its outlets and services, provide basic financial services for the countryside and communities, and steadily expand the agriculture-related microfinance services.
【Rural financial services】Opened the channel for the investment of social capital in financial field and increased the effective supply of rural finance to enhance the vitality of competition of rural finance. First, promoted the steady development of rural banks. By the end of 2016, a total of 1443 rural banks had been set up nationwide, of which 64.5% were located in the central and western regions, achieving the full coverage of counties and cities in 10 provinces including Hainan and Jiangsu, and the loans of farmers and small and micro enterprises accounted for more than 90% of the total loans. Second, pushed forward the steady development of agriculture-related financing guarantee institutions, and promoted the relevant departments and local governments at various levels to support the financing guarantee companies that focus on serving agriculture, rural areas and rural residents through capital injection, subsidy incentives and risk compensation. 
【Services of rural financial products】Actively explored low-cost rural financial products and services that can be easily copied and popularized, continued to push forward the implemented of the“farmer enriching and benefiting financial innovation”project of rural small and medium financial institutions, accelerated the establishment of the financial product system in line with the characteristics of local demand, improved the degree of satisfaction at the services and enhanced the compatibility of the products. Explored the expansion of the scope of collaterals, and launched pilot work of the mortgage of forest right, contractual right of land and the right to use the homestead for loans. 
【Financial poverty alleviation】CBRC timely issued the“Guiding Opinions for Banking Institutions to Actively Participate in the Fight against Poverty”, made clear the policy measures for banking institutions’financial poverty alleviation, and prepared the statistical table of the loans issued by banking institutions to the registered poor households and the poverty alleviation and development projects, and the statistical table of banking equipment service coverage in poor counties to regularly monitor and make statistics of the progress in anti-poverty work. As of the end of 2016, the domestic banking institutions had issued a total of 165.8 billion yuan of poverty-relief micro credit loans to support 4.02 million registered poor households, and issued a total of 80.27 billion yuan of poverty-relief project loans supported by financial interest subsidy funds (not including the long-term loans for ex-situ relocation). 2.5 million registered poor households newly received the loans, the poor supported by the poverty-relief microfinance accounted for 17.7% of the total registered poor in our country, and the loan balance per household was 40,000 yuan. 
【Construction of credit environment for rural finance】Guided the construction of rural credit users, credit villages and credit towns nationwide, strengthened the coordination and cooperation with local governments and public security departments, and cracked down loan fraud and malicious evasion and cancellation of debts to create a good environment for rural finance. Organized the activity of“delivering financial knowledge to the countryside”and popularized the knowledge of rural finance; urged the banking institutions to strictly implement the“seven prohibits”and“four-open”regulations, carried out special inspections, and investigated and punished various kinds of illegal charges in a timely manner to effectively reduce the financing costs of agricultural enterprises and protect the legitimate rights and interests of rural financial consumers.
【Fixed-point poverty alleviation】CBRC attached great importance to the fixed-point poverty alleviation work in Hezheng County and Lintao County of Gansu Province and made these two counties the pilot area of CBRC’s inclusive finance. In 2016, the“Notice of CBRC, China Insurance Regulatory Commission and the People’s Government of Gansu Province on the Issuance of the Implementation Plan for the Pilot Work of Inclusive Finance in Lintao County and Hezheng County”was issued to improve the inclusive financial service and product supply for the counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation and improve the financial services for small and micro enterprises, agriculture, rural areas and farmers, especially for the poor. Actively explored new ways for finance to support the development of industries, and launched the development mode of“government + platform company + leading enterprise + insurance + cooperatives + poor households”of the industry chain in poor counties; strengthened the cultivation of financial personnel in poor areas; provided long-term financial intelligence support to the poor counties through two-way cadre dispatch, training and special support in order to alleviate the shortage of financial personnel in local area; and launched the college student aid project for the poor. In 2016, jointly with China Foundation for Poverty Alleviation, China Merchants Bank and China Minsheng Bank, we provided financial aid for 598 poor students and 88 destitute teachers of the two counties with a total of more than 2.7 million yuan, achieving the full coverage of the registered poor students of the poor counties who were admitted to the university that year.
(Zhang Fengying, China Banking Regulatory Commission)
Poverty Alleviation by China Securities Regulatory Commission
【Overview】In 2016, under the guidance of General secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping’s strategic thinking on poverty alleviation and development, taking poverty alleviation as a lofty political responsibility, giving full play to the role of the capital market, the Party Committee of China Securities Regulatory Commission (hereinafter referred to as CSRC) explore the function of inclusive finance of the capital market, strengthened the construction of poverty alleviation mechanism, and united the forces of the sector to support industry development in order to enhance the“blood-making”function of impoverished regions. As a result, the industrial poverty alleviation work was universally praised, the fixed-point poverty alleviation was effectively pushed forward, and its twinned poor county-Lankao County of Henan Province took the lead to shake off poverty. 
【Construction of poverty alleviation system】In September 2016, CSRC issued the“Opinions on Giving Play to the Role of the Capital Market to Serve National Poverty Alleviation”(hereinafter referred to as the“Opinions”), supported the impoverished regions to make use of multi-level capital market for financing, implemented the policy of“immediate review after declaration, and immediate issuance after approval”for the IPO, NEEQ, the issuance of corporate bonds, mergers and acquisitions of the enterprises in poor areas, and guided the flow of talents, capital, technologies, management and new ideas towards poverty-stricken areas. 
In December, the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchange established the mechanism for information disclosure of listed companies’poverty alleviation work and issued format guidelines to support and encourage listed companies to fulfill their social responsibilities. CSRC, the People’s Bank of China, CBRC and Henan Provincial People’s Government jointly issued the“Overall Planning for the Pilot Reform of Inclusive Finance in Lankao County of Henan province”, and Lankao became the first national pilot area for the reform of inclusive finance in our country, exploring a sustainable development path of inclusive finance that can be replicated and popularized for poor counties. 
【Multilevel-capital market financing】CSRC supported the enterprises in poor areas to use multi-level capital market for financing, under the principle of compliance with the law and precise poverty alleviation, gave priority to the enterprises of poor areas in the review and approval of IPO, and adhered to no decrease of conditions, no reduction in standards, and no reduction in links and procedures. In December 2016, the new stock of Anhui Genuine New Materials Co., Ltd. was authorized to be issued, and Anhui Genuine New Materials Co., Ltd. became the first enterprise to enjoy the policy of“immediate review after declaration, and immediate issuance after approval”. 
【Industrial poverty alleviation】Supported the industrial development in poor areas, developed agricultural futures suitable for poor areas, guided industrial poverty alleviation to enhance the“blood-making”function of poor areas, and encouraged listed companies to implement industrial poverty alleviation based on their actual situation. According to the 2016 annual report, 591 listed companies disclosed the information of anti-poverty work and a total of 21 billion yuan was issued to help 410,000 registered poor people shake off poverty, of which 11 billion yuan was provided for more than 3,000 industrial poverty alleviation projects, lifting 170,000 registered poor people out of poverty. 
Encouraged listed companies and securities companies to set up industrial poverty alleviation funds and support the development of industrial development in poor areas through market-based means. With the support of trade associations, Donghai Securities Co., Ltd., Changjiang Securities Co., Ltd., CRE Securities Co., Ltd., Guosheng Securities Co., Ltd. and Central China Securities Co., Ltd. as well as some listed companies such as Muyuan Foodstuff Co., Ltd, Financial Street Holdings Co., Ltd, Chuying Agro-Pastoral Group Co., Ltd and Yuan Longping High-tech Agriculture Co., Ltd. set up a number of industrial poverty alleviation funds.
【Mobilization of the forces in the sector】After the release of the“Opinions”, the associations of various industries responded quickly and held forums and mobilization meetings on poverty alleviation. The Securities Association of China launched the support action initiative of“one department for one county”and China Futures Association launched the support action initiative of“one department twinning with one poor county”and established the evaluation system to encourage and guide the securities and futures business institutions to provide counterpart support for the poor counties. As of 20136, 82 securities companies were twinned with 125 poor counties and 20 futures companies were twinned with 21 poor counties for pairing-off poverty reduction. The Securities Association of China established the“Comprehensive Service Platform for Financial Poverty Alleviation in China”and set up the communication platform and information sharing mechanism for industrial poverty alleviation in order to promote the docking between the industrial resources of poor areas and the capital markets. In addition, more than 20 securities companies dispatched more than 40 cadres to the poor counties, and 14 securities companies set up 23 financial poverty alleviation workstations to promote the anti-poverty work.  
【Poverty alleviation trainings】Strengthened the training of financial knowledge for the cadres in poor areas in order to change their concept of development, change the development model and improve the ability to make use of the capital market. In December 2016, at the training course of targeted financial poverty alleviation held by LGOP, CSRC interpreted the“Opinions”and relevant policies for the comrades from poverty alleviation departments of 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities). In November 2016, the Shanghai Stock Exchange donated 20 million yuan to the Shanghai-Inner Mongolia Capital Market Development Foundation in Inner Mongolia, mainly for the financial personnel training for Inner Mongolia. In September 2016, the Shenzhen Stock Exchange organized a special training course on“the capital market’s services for the development of poor areas”for 210 financial cadres in impoverished regions. Securities Association of China prepared a series of readings one financial poverty alleviation, and opened up the column of“poverty alleviation training”in the“remote training system of Securities Association of China”to provide 20 free coursewares. As of the end of 2016, a total of 5296 professional courses were applied for, of which 4,694 had been launched and 2,946 had been completed. Taking advantage of their outlets nationwide, securities companies carried out nearly 200 capital market education and training activities in poor areas, and more than 40,000 people attended the events. 
【Support for key areas】Combined with its functions, CSRC increased the policy, financial, project and personnel support for contiguous destitute areas, minority areas and old revolutionary base areas. The policy measures include: eight measures to support Tibet’s development, the measures to support the development of original Central Soviet Areas such as Southern Jiangxi, and the policy measures to support the development of capital markets in Inner Mongolia, Guangxi, Ningxia, Tibet and Xinjiang.
【Poverty alleviation to benefit the masses】The securities regulatory departments and the securities, futures and funds management institutions actively participated in public-welfare poverty alleviation and got involved in the education, medical treatment and infrastructure construction. The Shanghai Stock Exchange invested 23.3403 million yuan in the implementation of 11 educational and medical public welfare projects for two groups and two categories of regions through its public welfare foundation. Securities companies donated a total of 89.84 million yuan in kind and cash to the poor areas throughout the year. 11 public funds set up a public welfare foundation, which has donated a total of 226 million yuan since its inception, of which 58.9253 million yuan was donated for poverty alleviation and charity in 2016.
【Overview of the fixed-point poverty alleviation】The Party committee of CSRC set up the poverty alleviation work system with the Party secretary as the first person in-charge, and issued the“Notice on the Division of Labor for the Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation of CSRC Party Committee Members and the Party Secretaries of Stock Exchanges”to strengthen the responsibility for fixed-point poverty alleviation. In 2016, CSRC was responsible for the fixed-point poverty alleviation in nine counties, namely the Lankao County and Tongbai County of Henan Province, Susong County and Taihu County of Anhui Province, Yanchang County of Shaanxi Province, Wushan County of Gansu province, Xixian County and Fenxi County of Shanxi Province, and Baigaiti County of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and successively dispatched 15 cadres of CSRC organs and seven units in the sector to work in the poor areas. Relevant leaders of CSRC and the principals of the relevant units carried out field survey in the poor counties for more than 110 person-times. A total of 11 people, including the Party committee members and two Party secretaries of the Shanghai Stock Exchange, successively headed investigation groups to carry out field survey on the poor counties and give on-site guidance to the anti-poverty work, summarized the achievements, analyzed the situation, studied the new problems, pushed forward the pairing-off poverty reduction work of“one department for one county”of the security sector and the pilot work of inclusive finance in Lankao County, visited the relevant enterprises and poor households, and carried out field research to promote industry development. According to the Party committee’s work deployments and the requirements of the“Opinions”, the fixed-point poverty alleviation units set up the leading group for poverty reduction, developed the work plan and improved the poverty reduction mechanism. 
【Investment of poverty relief funds】In 2016, CSRC invested a total of 22.32 million yuan in the anti-poverty work in the twinned poor counties and helped the counties to introduce more than 260 million yuan of funds, of which 6.6 million yuan was for industrial poverty alleviation, 5.5 million yuan was for cultural and educational development, 1.6 million yuan for infrastructure construction, 2.58 million yuan for medical services and health work, 2.96 million yuan for disaster relief and 1.32 million yuan for consumption-based poverty reduction, improving the production and living conditions in the poor counties and boosting the economic and social development of local areas. A total of 22.32 million yuan was invested throughout the year to support the education, livelihood improvement, infrastructure construction and industry development in the poor counties, lifting 140,000 people of nine counties out of poverty. Some securities regulatory bureaus also undertook the task of fixed-point poverty alleviation. 
CSRC attached great importance to the management of poverty-relief funds and projects, and established a sound supervision mechanism for the use of poverty relief funds. The Shanghai Stock Exchange, through the Shanghai Stock Exchange Foundation, standardized the management of poverty relief funds, pushed forward the implementation of poverty alleviation projects, ensured the open and fair use of poverty relief funds, and organized professional institutions to carry out annual audit work. The Shenzhen Stock Exchange, China Financial Futures Exchange, Securities Association of China and Fund Association of China all developed the management system for the donation and utilization of poverty relief funds and strengthened the procedures for the management and utilization of poverty relief funds.
【Industrial poverty alleviation】The aiding units in this sector carried out the industrial poverty alleviation based on the economic development and resource endowment situation of the poor counties, and supported the development of paulownia industry in Lankao County. The cadres sent to the poor areas promoted the cooperation between Lankao County and Zhejiang Conservatory of Music, made propagandas of the ethnic musical instruments of Lankao County, and used the musical instruments of Lankao at the G20 summit in Hangzhou. Taking advantage of its channels as a listed company, the Shanghai Stock Exchange contacted 12 listed companies in the electronic information industry and two securities companies to carry out industrial docking in Susong County. The Shenzhen Stock Exchange promoted the implementation of the“Shenyintong”project to boost the development of entity economy and industries in Wushan County, implemented large-scale planting of vegetables in Wushan County, and promoted the implementation of the poverty alleviation mode of Daolang manor in Maigaiti County of Xinjiang. China Financial Futures Exchange supported the establishment of sweet potato seedling bases in Yanchang County to achieve the industrialization of production and develop characteristic agricultural products. Securities Association of China set up the“Lvliang Mountain Products Shop”and sold the characteristic agricultural products of Xixian and Fenxi County on the Internet. The Shanghai Stock Exchange, Shanghai Futures Exchange and , Securities Association of China vigorously developed poverty alleviation by PV power generation and invested 3.36 million yuan in the construction of photovoltaic power stations for 2063 poor households in Susong County, Taihu County and Fenxi county. 
【Financial poverty alleviation】Giving full play to its own advantages, CSRC helped relevant enterprises to use the capital market for poverty reduction. The cadres sent to Lankao County explored the establishment of the model of government-led financial poverty alleviation characterized by financial support, risk cover and corporate development, and issued nearly 300 million yuan of poverty-relief loans in 2016; introduced the insurance mechanism to establish the new model of“poverty alleviation with zero risk”, leveraging risk securities of 8.4 billion yuan. The cadres sent to poor areas by the Shanghai Futures Exchange helped Genuine Co., Ltd. in Taihu County to get listed through the“Easy Access”. The cadres sent to poor areas by the Shenzhen Stock Exchange created the credit mode of“Shenyintong”, and directly provided 15 million yuan of credit enhancement support for 47 million yuan of loans of 13 SMEs and 1463 rural households, alleviating the“difficulty and high cost of financing”. The counties also actively promoted the enterprises to carry out joint-stock transformation, capital injection, listing guidance, equity issuing, or mergers and acquisitions in order to boost local economic development. 
【Poverty alleviation to benefit the masses】The securities regulatory departments strengthened the public welfare poverty reduction in the poor counties and invested more than 13 million yuan in the fixed-point poverty alleviation, covering education, medical service, infrastructure and disaster relief, etc..
In the field of education, the aiding units constructed dormitories, playgrounds, libraries or multimedia classrooms for the primary and secondary schools in Taihu County, Wushan County and Xixian County, subsidized more than 500 students through donation and by setting up the New Great Wall“self-improvement”class and the education-based poverty alleviation fund, organized 100 children of Lankao County to study in Beijing during the“National Day”vacation; explored the model of poverty alleviation through artisan training, coordinated the poor counties to establish the pairing-off poverty-relief student enrollment cooperation with Shenzhen Technician Institute, organized 31 high school graduates of Yanchang County and Lankao County to major in automobile maintenance, elevator technology, graphic processing and mold manufacturing in Shenzhen Technician Institute, and the first batch of students were enrolled officially in September. Coordinated Tsinghua University to accept the relevant staff of education and health system in Maigaiti County to receive free trainings in the Middle School affiliated to Tsinghua University and the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital.
In the field of medical treatment and public health, the organ of CSRC coordinated the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital of Tsinghua University to donate telemedicine equipment for the Maigaiti County People’s Hospital to alleviate the insufficient ability to cure illness. The Zhengzhou Commodity Exchange invested 2.5 million yuan in the“medical equipment support project of grassroots (town and village) medical and health institutions”in Tongbai County to provide basic public health services for the towns and villages. Securities Association of China contacted the Journal of Chinese Medical Association to invite domestic medical experts to provide free clinic services and give lectures in Xixian County People’s Hospital, and donated a set of otolaryngology clinics workstation to the hospital. 
In the field of infrastructure construction, China Financial Futures Exchange invested 450,000 yuan in the construction of production roads and impounding reservoirs of orchards in Zhangjiatan Town of Yanchang County. The Shenzhen Stock Exchange coordinated the listed company Originwater to invest 600,000 yuan in the construction of safe drinking water projects and mobilized social forces to participate in the infrastructure construction in Maigaiti County.
In terms of disaster relief, from June to August 2016, Susong County and Taihu County of Anhui Province suffered heavy rain. Shanghai Stock Exchange issued 2.314 million yuan for the disaster relief in Taihu County and helped 395 households that suffered serious losses or with deaths or collapsed houses due to the disaster. The Shanghai Futures Exchange provided 600,000 yuan to help 500 affected poor households. China Financial Futures Exchange invested 800 thousand yuan in the infrastructure construction of the immigrants’villages in Yanchang County after the disaster. 
【Poverty alleviation trainings】CSRC organized the stock exchanges and industry associations to hold capital market knowledge trainings for the cadres in the twinned poor counties in order to enhance the capability of making use of the capital market for poverty reduction. Throughout the year, such trainings were held for more than 870 person-times for the cadres and technicians in the poor counties. Shanghai Stock Exchange held the capital market training courses for the cadres of Susong County and the principals of the key enterprises and the companies that are going to get listed on the market for 250 person-times, and held the trainings on IPO, NEEQ, the issuance of corporate bonds, mergers and acquisitions. The Shenzhen Stock Exchange invited the principals of the financial offices of Wushan County and Maigaiti County to take part in the training of“Home of Financial Offices”. Shanghai Futures Exchange held the senior seminar of“targeted poverty alleviation”for 38 poverty relief cadres of Taihu County; Securities Association of China organized financial experts to hold financial knowledge trainings for the cadres and business management personnel of Xixian County. A total of 11 training courses were held for more than 870 cadres of the poor counties, and more than 260 million yuan of funds was introduced to boost local economic and social development. 
【Poverty alleviation publicity】The relevant units in this sector actively participated in and organized various kinds of poverty alleviation publicity activities. In October 2016, CSRC, China Association for Public Companies and Financial Street Holding Co., Ltd jointly launched the“Exhibition of the Results of Financial Poverty Alleviation on the National Poverty Alleviation Day of 2016”themed on“Hand in Hand for Financial Poverty Alleviation”, made propagandas of the effectiveness of poverty reduction through words, pictures, characteristic product display and field explanation, and promoted the sales of the products of the nine poor counties through the online platform of the Financial Street. A total of 28 mainstream media such as the People’s Daily reported the event. In December 2016, the“Seminar on poverty alleviation based on the capital market”was held in Guizhou. More than 300 people from over 150 units attended the event. In December 2016, the“seminar on the futures industry’services the county industry”was held in Beijing, which was attended by representatives of 25 units and media. 
【Poverty alleviation by sending cadres】In 2016, CSRC resolutely implemented the central units’deployments on the fixed-point poverty alleviation, selected and dispatched outstanding young cadres to work in the poor counties. 13 of the cadres served as the subprefects of the counties and two served as the first secretaries of the impoverished villages, responsible for the poverty reduction and financial work. These cadres conscientiously implemented CSRC’s deployments on anti-poverty work, promoted the capital market to support the poverty reduction in impoverished regions, and helped the poor counties to introduce project funds, highly praised by the local cadres and the masses. 
(Yang Zhihai, Poverty Alleviation Office, China Securities Regulatory Commission)
Poverty Alleviation by China Insurance Regulatory Commission
【Overview】In 2016, China Insurance Regulatory Commission (hereinafter referred to as CIRC) attached great importance to the function of insurance, and set up the research group headed by Deputy Chairman Chen Wenhui to carry out field survey in the poor areas of Hebei, Ningxia, Yunnan, Guangxi, Jiangxi and Sichuan jointly with LGOP. The research group visited and delivered condolences to the poor people, publicized the spirit of the central government and strived to have a comprehensive understanding of the needs of poor areas for insurance. In 2016, China Insurance Regulatory Commission formulated and issued a number of documents and policies to boost the poverty alleviation by insurance, issued the“Opinions on Poverty Alleviation by Providing Financial Services”jointly with seven ministries and departments including the People’s Bank, issued the“Opinions on the Insurance-driven Poverty Alleviation”jointly with LGOP, the“Implementation Plan for the Construction of Demonstration Zones for‘Insurance-driven Poverty Alleviation’in Guizhou”jointly with the Guizhou Provincial Government, and“Guiding Opinions of CIRC on Accelerating the Construction of Insurance Market System in Poor Areas to Enhance the Security Service Ability of Insurance Industry”, put forward the preferential policies and measures for poor areas, such as developing special insurance products, lowering premium rates, implementing differential supervision and constructing demonstration zones for insurance-driven poverty alleviation. China Insurance Regulatory Commission and LGOP jointly held the picturephone meeting on the poverty alleviation driven by the insurance industry, made overall deployment for the insurance-driven anti-poverty work, made clear the division of labor and organized the relevant departments to sign the“Initial Written Proposal for the Insurance Industry to Boost Poverty Reduction”and implement the pro-poor measures. China Insurance Regulatory Commission accelerated the establishment of China Insurance Industry Investment Fund for Industrial Poverty Alleviation, gave play to the unique advantages of long-term investment of the insurance fund, mainly invested in the development of characteristic resources in contiguous destitute areas, the construction of industrial parks and the development of new urbanization, and promoted the investment of other social funds in these fields to boost the economic development and industrial poverty reduction in poor areas. Phase I of the fund has raised one billion yuan and the first project was launched in the Fuping County Mushroom Planting Base, Hebei Province. 
The insurance industry initially established the insurance-driven poverty alleviation system represented by agricultural insurance, critical illness insurance and petty insurance, the insurance-driven poverty alleviation credit system represented by small loan guarantee insurance and agricultural insurance policy pledge, and the insurance-driven poverty alleviation investment system represented by the insurance funds-supported financing for agriculture and direct investment, and summarized the typical experience in the“poverty alleviation insurance”of Ningxia, the“farmer-benefiting insurance”of Sichuan, and the“zero risk in poverty reduction”of Lankao County, Henan Province. The State Council proposed to use insurance to safeguard the results of poverty reduction, and Fuping County of Hebei Province put forward the slogan of“financial poverty alleviation, insurance first”. 
【Poverty alleviation by agricultural insurance】China Insurance Regulatory Commission vigorously promoted the development of agricultural insurance and helped the farmers transfer the risk of disaster and get stable income. In 2016, the agricultural insurance provided 2.16 trillion yuan of risk protection for agriculture and paid reparations of 34.802 billion yuan, benefiting 45.7551 million households, mainly the poor. A total of 850 local characteristic agricultural insurance products were registered, including 44 special products for poverty reduction, greatly supporting the development of characteristic industries in poor areas. In 2016, the pilot products of target price insurance with local characteristics were expanded to nearly 50 kinds in four categories, the premium income exceeded one billion yuan, up 65%; and 15.481 billion yuan of risk guarantee was provided, up 28.87%.  The insurance indemnity has become an important source of funds for farmers to resume production and for the post-disaster reconstruction. In 2016, the drought and windstorm insurance claims amounted to 4.1 billion yuan in Heilongjiang Province, of which more than 800 million yuan was for the disaster-affected area of 9710200 mu in 28 poor counties. The functional role of agricultural insurance in the targeted poverty alleviation has been gradually exerted. Fuping County of Hebei Province explored the model of“financial poverty alleviation, insurance first”, provided the double protection of natural disaster and market price decline for the poor farmers to develop production through agricultural insurance, and set off the tide of widespread entrepreneurship characterized by“relying on financial insurance-based poverty alleviation to realize the dream of poverty reduction”in Fuping County thanks to the insurance services. By issuing“rewards instead of subsidies”, Anhui arranged provincial anti-poverty funds to encourage the development of characteristic agricultural products insurance in poor areas. The higher the insurance rate is, the higher the proportion of provincial financial subsidy will be. 
【Health insurance for poverty alleviation】China Insurance Regulatory Commission guided and promoted the development of critical illness insurance for urban and rural residents and the protection of the health rights of poor people for targeted poverty alleviation in order to effectively solve the prominent problem of people’s poverty caused by illness. According to the statistics in 2015, among the registered poor households nationwide, 44.1% lived in poverty due to illness, and disease was the most important cause of poverty. CIRC has always taken critical illness insurance as the focus of work of targeted poverty alleviation, and guided the industry to do a good job in this field. In 2016, a total of 16 insurance companies launched critical illness insurance in 30 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities), covering 1.01 billion urban and rural residents. The reimbursement rate of patients covered by the critical illness insurance increased by 13.16% on the basis of the basic health insurance, and the maximum payment amounted to 1.116 million yuan. As a result, the government hasn’t taken a penny, the patients do not need to pay a penny more, and the level of security has been enhanced, effectively alleviating the poverty caused by illness. The critical illness insurance played a positive role in social security and reassuring the public. CIRC and the Ministry of Civil Affairs jointly issued the“Notice on Further Strengthening the Effective Convergence between Medical Assistance and the Critical Illness Insurance for Urban and Rural Residents”, encouraged the local governments to develop specific measures for critical illness insurance to give priority to the poor and implement preferential policies for the registered poor, the destitute and the objects of the minimum living security system, such as reducing the payline standard, relaxing the scope of reimbursement and improving the rate of reimbursement. Gansu Province reduced the payline standard of the poor for critical illness insurance of urban and rural residents from 5,000 yuan to 3,000 yuan. Jilin Province reduced the payline standard of critical illness insurance for the registered poor, the destitute and the urban and rural residents receiving subsistence allowances by 40%, and raised the staged payment proportion by 5%. 
At the same time, CIRC encouraged and guided insurance companies to actively develop supplementary medical insurance for the poor people in order to reduce the medical burden on the poor. Ganzhou of Jiangxi, for example, purchased supplementary medical insurance for 1.05 million registered rural poor residents, reduced the personal contribution rate of the medical cost to less than 10%, and the highest compensation amounted to 245200 yuan. Zhaotong of Yunnan purchased commercial group supplementary medical insurance without deductibles for the rural and urban residents receiving subsistence allowances, the rural five-guarantee households and the key entitled groups, at most 6,000 yuan, effectively improving the level of medical security of the masses in poor areas.
【Livelihood insurance for poverty alleviation】The insurance industry actively developed livelihood insurance such as micro personal insurance and farmhouse insurance to guarantee the poor from production and life insurance. Accident risk is a short board of the current urban and rural social security systems, and the social problem of poverty caused by accidents is outstanding. CIRC guided the insurance industry to provide risk guarantee for basic living data and main labor force of poor people by developing all kinds of petty insurance with moderate guarantee and low premium. For example, the micro-life-insurance has been developed for rural residents and migrant workers, requiring only 15-25 yuan per capita per year, and the insured can get an indemnity of 20,000-30,000 yuan in the event of any accident. Since the implementation of its pilot work to its widespread implementation, the micro-life-insurance has expanded its coverage from 2.38 million people in 2008 to 110 million in 2016, provided a risk guarantee of nearly two trillion yuan, covering 31 provinces (municipalities) and autonomous regions across the country. In addition, CIRC and the Ministry of Civil Affairs jointly promoted the farmhouse insurance, which covers most of the vast majority of provinces and cities and is used as an important supporting measure of the poverty-relief relocation program. In 2016, the farmhouse insurance premium income amounted to 882 million yuan, and risk guarantee of 1.84 trillion yuan was provided. Affected by the continuous typhoon, the farmhouses in Fujian Province were severely damaged. The insurance industry paid insurance claims of 130 million yuan in a timely manner, which played a positive role in the post-disaster reconstruction and in preventing poverty returning due to disasters.
【Increase trust by insurance】The difficulty in and high cost of getting loans are the outstanding problems facing the industrial development in poor areas. The insurance industry strived to increase the trust of poor households through micro credit guarantee insurance, borrowers’accident insurance and policy mortgage in order to promote the allocation of credit resources to poor areas. In 2016, the pilot projects of micro credit guarantee insurance were launched in nearly a hundred cities of 26 provinces across the country, achieved remium income of 4.772 billion yuan, provided 184.887 billion yuan of risk guarantee, and supported the rural households and small and micro businesses to get 161.119 billion yuan of funds. Ningbo City, for example, used 35 million yuan of premium subsidies to encourage the issuance of more than ten billion yuan of loans for agriculture and small enterprises, magnifying the utility of financial funds by 300 times. Jingning County of Zhejiang used the poverty relief funds to purchase small loans guarantee insurance for the low-income rural households and provided interest discount funds in full, and the banking institutions issued interest free unsecured loans with the insurance policy. 
【Utilization of insurance funds】The insurance industry gave full play to the advantages of insurance funds in long-term investment and provided financial support for the development of industrial projects in poor areas to boost the industrial poverty reduction. As of December 2016, a total of 5.7 billion yuan of insurance funds had been invested in 10 projects, covering green agriculture, high-end ecological agriculture, agricultural technology and agricultural water services. In addition, the People’s Insurance Company (Group) of China set up 5 billion yuan of agriculture-supporting asset management insurance product, launched the pilot project of“agricultural insurance + poverty-relied micro credit guarantee insurance + insurance funds financing for agricultural development”in some provinces and cities, and provided unsecured micro financing services with preferential interest rate, requiring no mortgage. Currently, the pilot projects have been launched in Hebei, Shaanxi, 
etc. 
【Fixed-point poverty alleviation】Since it was twinned with Chayou Middle Banner and Chayou Back Banner of Wulanchabu City in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region for poverty alleviation in 2002, CIRC provided counterpart support for the twinned counties in the field of infrastructure construction, industry development, insurance-driven poverty reduction and informatization construction, improving the“blood-making”ability of the farmers and herdsmen and greatly reducing the poverty caused by illness and disasters in the poor areas. In 2016, CIRC attached great importance to the anti-poverty work in the twinned poor counties. The relevant leaders of CIRC carried out field survey, expressed sympathy and solicitude for the poor, and guided the relevant department to develop pro-poor measures. CIRC successively dispatched six batches of 15 people to carry out field research in the poor counties and offer advices for the poverty reduction work. CIRC sent four outstanding cadres to work in the twinned banners and the impoverished villages, strived to make clear the causes of poverty, and explored the way of poverty reduction. In 2016, CIRC invested poverty relief funds of 1.4 million yuan in the twinned poor areas for fixed-point poverty alleviation, of which 1.2 million yuan was used for the infrastructure construction (farmland and water conservancy, human and livestock drinking water facilities, electric power equipment), industrial development (breeding pen construction), cultural education (cultural facility construction, subsidizing needy students, grassroots party building) and medical and public health projects (helping the severely ill poor people) in key impoverished villages, improved the local production and living conditions and played a demonstration role in the anti-poverty work. In addition, CIRC guided the insurance industry to actively play its professional advantage, promoted the construction of“fixed-point poverty alleviation village of insurance industry”in Xiaohaizi Village, Bayin Town of Chayou Middle Banner and introduced 465700 yuan of insurance projects to provide insurance guarantee for the major illness and accidents of the villagers. 
In addition, in order to meet the needs of the poor areas for the construction of production infrastructure and meet the actual needs of the poor for industrialization development and poverty reduction, CIRC developed the fixed-point poverty alleviation work plan, highlighted the insurance characteristics, and vigorously developed serious illness insurance, agricultural insurance, rural micro life insurance, and poor students’safety insurance to provide guarantee for the production and living of people in poor areas. Also, CIRC increased investment in infrastructure construction of agriculture and animal husbandry, cooperated with the local government to give priority to the key projects in the allocation of a limited amount of funds, conducted water-saving irrigation and development in the areas with abundant groundwater resources, improved the ecological environment and strengthened the infrastructure construction of agriculture and animal husbandry. Actively integrated the resources of the insurance industry, encouraged and promoted insurance companies to support the regions for fixed-point poverty alleviation in the field of industry development, insurance-driven poverty reduction and informatization construction in order to enhance the“blood-making”ability of the poor areas; encouraged the local insurance companies to carry out field survey in the farming and pastoral areas in order to make breakthroughs in the insurance projects and solve the problems of the poor people.
(Zhang Bin, China Insurance Regulatory Commission)
Poverty Alleviation by China Railway Corporation
【Overview】In 2016, China Railway Corporation issued the“Opinions on Poverty Alleviation and Development by the Railway Sector in the New Era”and the“Planning of China Railway Corporation for the Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation in the‘13th Five-Year Plan’Period”, and made clear the guideline, basic principles, objectives, tasks and safeguard measures of the poverty alleviation and development work as well as the fixed-point poverty alleviation by the railway sector in the“13th Five-Year Plan”Period. Adjusted the leading groups of poverty alleviation and development of China Railway Corporation and its subordinates; the railway bureaus in various regions set up the leading groups of poverty alleviation and development with relevant main leaders as the heads, established the organizational structure of poverty alleviation work covering the organs of China Railway Corporation and 18 railway bureaus nationwide; continued to strengthen the poverty alleviation work through construction and transportation and fulfilled the responsibility of contacting the contiguous destitute areas. China Railway Corporation and its subordinates implemented a total of 71 fixed-point poverty alleviation projects with an investment of 24.1 million yuan, and the anti-poverty work of the railway sector developed in an all-round way.
【Railway construction in poverty-stricken areas】China Railway Corporation earnestly implemented the“Decision of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on Winning the Tough Battle against Poverty”and the development planning of poor areas, vigorously accelerated the implementation of major projects, such as the high-speed railways of Huzhang, Dazhang, Jingshen, Chenggui, Yinxi, Zhengwan, Zhengfu and He’an, the railway of Kuge, Dunge, Lali, Lixiang, Darui, Chengdu-Chuanzhusi and Lanzhou-Hezuo, the transformation of Gela section of Qinghai-Tibet Railway, the Yuqian, Yuhuai and Yang’an Railway and so on; and launched many major projects such as the Guiyang-Kunming section of Shanghai-Kunming High-speed Railway, the Baise-Kunming section of Yunnan-Guangxi Railway, the Chongqing-Wanzhou High-speed Railway, Wuhan-Xiaogan Intercity Railway, Bazhong-Dazhou Railway, the Lanzhou-Xiaguanying section and Minxian-Guangyuan Section of Lanzhou-Chongqing Railway, and Zhijin-Nayong Railway. 443.5 billion yuan was invested in the railway construction in the central and western regions as well as the contiguous destitute areas; 2954 km railways were newly built, including 1694 km of high-speed railways, greatly improving the regional transport capacity and service quality. In cooperation with the local governments, we made good preparations for the construction of the projects of Ganzhou-Shenzhen Railway, Guiyang-Nanning Railway, Lanzhou-Zhongwei Railway, Chongqing-Kunming Railway, Anjiang-Jiujiang Railway, Xining-Chengdu Railway, Dunhua-Baihe Railway and Mudanjiang-Jiamusi Railway; launched the projects of Ganshen, Guinan, Zhangjiajie-Jishou-Huaihua High-speed Railway, Xingguo-Quanzhou Railway, Jianning-Guanzhishan section of Pumei Railway, Xinjiang Bozhou, and South Xinjiang Railway, Lanxin Railway and so on; made relevant deployments, promoted the preliminary research and scheme demonstration of major projects such as the Sichuan-Tibet Railway and Hetian-Ruoqiang Railway to lay a solid foundation for railway construction in poor areas, and invested 26.5 billion yuan in the backbone channel project of the transportation-based poverty alleviation. 
【Tourism-based poverty alleviation】China Railway Corporation made good use of the new railways and the existing railways to support the tourism development in the central and western regions, poor areas and old revolutionary base areas. The Guiyang-Kunming section of Shanghai-Kunming High-speed Railway, the Nanjing-Kunming High-speed Railway, Zhengzhou-Xuzhou High-speed Railway and the Chongqing-Wanzhou High-speed Railway were successively put into operation, and the multiple unit trains were put into operation for the first time in the city along the high-speed railways. Increased passenger trains and train parking and improved the service facilities at the stations with rich tourism resources, set up the tourist transfer service centers, guided the tourists to travel in the regions without railway lines, and further improved the security level of tourism development capacity in poor areas. Held a series of tourism promotion activities themed on“China Railway Tourism-Colorful Gansu, Beautiful Inner Mongolia, Beautiful Xinjiang, North China-South China”and“Millennium Imperial Capital-Home Town of Henan”; introduced the tourism resources, tourist routes and tourism products in poor areas through the outlets, media and travel experience stores of the tourism enterprises of railway bureaus; organized the tourism enterprises of relevant railway bureaus to sign strategic cooperation agreements with the tourism development committees in poor areas in order to jointly develop tourism products with abundant railway elements and comparative advantages; implemented the targeted poverty alleviation projects such as the“red tourism”,“adventure tourism”and“pastoral tourism”, and developed the tourist-dedicated trains to form scale effect. In 2016, a total of 156 tourist-dedicated trains were put into operation for Xinjiang, 120 for Gansu and 116 for Inner Mongolia, boosting the economic development in poor areas.
【Poverty alleviation by labor transfer】China Railway Corporation increased passenger trains in the provinces with a large number of migrant worker passengers such as Sichuan, Henan, Hubei and Anhui, and in the directions always with a large number of migrant worker passengers for a long time, and reserved a large number of ordinary-speed trains of the existing railways according to the demand of passenger flow. In the southwest counties and districts where railways have not been constructed yet, we actively contacted the local governments, determined to construct trackless stations of high-speed railways in 23 counties (cities) of Guangxi and Guizhou, signed the cooperation agreements with Hengxian County, Bobai County, Rongxian County, Beiliu County and Luchuan County to connect them with the high-speed railway stations of Nanning East, Yulin, Wuzhou South, etc., and increased the total number of trackless stations to six. In remote areas such as southwest, northwest and northeast China, 81 slow-speed railways at low ticket prices that stop at all stations were put into operation, in which 840 million yuan of public welfare funds was invested, and transported a total of 27.52 million passengers. During the Spring Festival of 2016, with“zero standby train”, a total of 687 pairs of unidirectional temporary passenger trains were put into operation to meet the travel needs of migrant workers, accounting for nearly 1/5 of the total trains. 
【Transport of key materials】China Railway Corporation further improved the mechanism for the communication and coordination with the governments at all levels in the poor areas and the central and western provinces and regions; optimized the railway transportation organizations scientifically and rationally to meet the needs of local economic development and provide transport capacity guarantee for the development of local economy and key enterprises; determined the scope of key materials jointly with the local governments based on the characteristics of the goods in different regions and gave priority to the key materials in the allocation of transport capacity; developed plans in advance and made timely adjustment of the transport capacity for seasonal key materials such as the cotton of Xinjiang, grain of northeast China, fertilizers for spring ploughing and agricultural and sideline products of northwest China. 
【Poverty alleviation in contiguous destitute areas】China Railway Corporation conscientiously fulfilled the responsibility of contacting the contiguous destitute areas, cooperated with the Ministry of Science and Technology and the State Railway Administration in contacting Qinba Mountain Area, organized the Zhengzhou Railway Bureau, Wuhan Railway Bureau, Xi’an Railway Bureau, Chengdu Railway Bureau and Lanzhou Railway Bureau to implement their tasks, and accelerated the construction of major projects, such as Xi’an-Chengdu High-speed Railway, Zhengzhou-Wanzhou High-speed Railway, Wuhan-Shiyan High-speed Railway, Lanzhou-Chongqing Railway, Inner Mongolia-Central China Railway and Yang’an No.2 Railway. Six provinces and municipalities in the Qinba Mountain Area, including Henan, Hubei and Chongqing invested a total of 154.4 billion yuan in railway construction and newly constructed 1161 kilometers of railways, including 575 high-speed railways. Made preparations for the construction of the Xi’an-Shiyan Railway to create conditions for the project launch; opened up two pairs of temporary passenger trains in the Guangyuan-Minxian Section of Lanzhou-Chongqing Railway, ending the history of no railway services in Minxian and Longnan. Continued to increase passenger trainings in the railway stations of poor areas, optimized the train running timetable, and provided travel convenience for the masses of Qinba Mountain Area. In 2016, we continued to give priority to Qinba Mountain Area in the allocation of transport capacity, delivered goods of 79.05 million tons through the railway for Qinba Mountain Area, with an increase of 7.67 million tons, up 10.7%; and completed the goods loading and unloading of 123.26 million tons, with an increase of 9 million tons, up 7.9%.
【Poverty alleviation in education】China Railway Corporation continued to attach importance to the education of needy families, invested 300 thousand yuan to subsidize 100 college students from needy families in Yuanzhou District of Guyuan City in Ningxia, invested 100 thousand yuan to subsidize 50 college students from needy families in Hetian County of Hetian District in Xinjiang; invested 120 thousand yuan to support the improvement of the teaching environment in Dakui Village Primary School of Hetian County. The Railway Youth Development Donation Center and China Youth Development Foundation jointly launched the online donation activity and raised 100 thousand yuan to subsidize 120 primary and junior middle school students from needy families in Mianxian County of Shaanxi Province. In August, Railway Youth Development Donation Center and the All-China Railway Youth League Committee jointly raised 500 thousand yuan from the public to subsidize 100 students from needy families in Macheng City of Hubei Province, 5,000 yuan per capita, and held the activities of psychological counselling and field visit to high-speed railways. In October, we carried out the charity fundraising events on the National Poverty Day in the organs of China Railway Corporation, raised more than 3500 pieces of clothing and seven boxes of pencils, bags, writing cases and other stationeries, and donated them to Chengduo County of Yushu in Qinghai Province and 25 hope primary schools constructed by the railway sector; carried out the fundraising activity for the“Project Hope-Happy Reading”in 124 railway stations nationwide, received donations of 253.6855 million yuan from the railway workers and passengers by means of Alipay, and raised a total of 50,000 yuan plus the matching funds from the Railway Youth Development Donation Center to construct five libraries of Project Hope for Pingchang County of Sichuan, Huangyuan County of Qinghai, Hemian County of Lintong District in Xi’an of Shaanxi, and Hetian County of Xinjiang. 
【Poverty alleviation publicity】Giving full play to the railway’s advantages such as a large number of railway stations and passengers, a long length, connecting urban and rural areas, and a large flow of people, China Railway Corporation carried out the activities of“publicity by the people’s railway newspaper, new media activities, publicity at railway stations”, etc. Relying on the newspaper of“People’s Railway”issued at the railway stations and passenger trains nationwide, focusing on the theme of poverty alleviation, we made propagandas of the central government’s decisions and deployments on poverty reduction and the key anti-poverty work of railway departments, and publicized the vivid practices and advanced models of railway-based poverty alleviation. During the National Poverty Alleviation Day (October 17), we had a total of seven articles and four pictures on poverty alleviation printed on the front page and special columns, and had the pro-poor public service videos, advertisements and related programs played continuously on the publicity screens and advertising columns of the railway stations and passenger trains nationwide; published more than 80 videos and texts on poverty alleviation and 20 stories of poverty reduction by the railway sector through more than 60 accounts of the new media platforms such as the national railway micro-blog, WeChat, APP and web portals, receiving more than 7.8 million online visits. 
【Overview of the fixed-point poverty alleviation】The counties (districts) covered by the fixed-point poverty alleviation work of China Railway Corporation were reduced from eight to four, namely Luanchuan County of Luoyang City in Henan Province, Mianxian County of Hanzhong City in Shaanxi Province, Yuanzhou District of Guyuan City in Ningxia Autonomous Region, and Hetian County of Hetian Region in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. At the beginning of 2016, China Railway Corporation organized the relevant leaders of Zhengzhou Railway Bureau, Xi’an Railway Bureau, Lanzhou Railway Bureau and Urumqi Railway Bureau to carry out field research in the four counties respectively. The research groups carried out investigations into 24 impoverished villages, held 20 seminars, visited 32 poor households and basically made clear the local poverty situation, local demands for poverty reduction and the local planning and arrangements for anti-poverty work. In 2016, leaders of China Railway Corporation met with the relevant leaders of Yuanzhou District, Luanchuan County and Mianxian County respectively, and carried out field survey in the poor counties. China Railway Corporation sent four cadres to work in the four poor counties (districts) and arranged one cadre to serve as the first secretary of Dawangmiao Village in Tiantou Town of Luanchuan County and fulfill the duties of communication and coordination, investigation and research, supervision and inspection as well as basic management. 10.3 million yuan was invested in 25 projects, involving the construction of ecological emigration villages, the development of rural characteristic industries, and the poverty alleviation in education, lifting 3579 registered poor people out of poverty. 
【Industrial poverty alleviation】China Railway Corporation issued the fixed-point poverty alleviation project funds directly to poor households, invested 1.1 million yuan to subsidize 83 registered poor households in Luanchuan County to transform the farmhouse hotels and participate in three projects such as mushroom planting and sheep breeding; invested one million yuan in the poverty alleviation through the development of tea industry in Dunqingping Tea Producing Area, Yanhe Village, Fuchuan Town, Mianxian County; invested 2.7 million yuan to support the cultivation of farmer-enriching industries in Yuanzhou District, provided 168 base cows for 168 rural households and built 108 aquaculture sheds for 108 rural households in Caichuan Village of Zhaike Town; provided 2400 rex rabbits and purchased 9600 rabbit hutches for 48 households in Xiaogou Village of Zhonghe Town, and provided 240 base cows, constructed one breeding park and newly built 1200 meters of fences for 80 households; invested 3.34 million yuan in the construction of 7,000 meters of grape trellises for 114 households in Segezikule Village of Hetian County and Bositan Village of Sugaiti County, subsidized 414 households to transform 81 sheds and build 296 grape trellises, supported the breeding of 1380 sheep and 11040 chickens, and subsidized 528 households to develop courtyard economy, increasing the income of the poor through the point-to-point support. 
【National integration and development】China Railway Corporation guided the Urumqi Railway Bureau to continue the activity of“visiting the masses and improving people’s livelihood to agglomerate the hearts of the people”, sent nine outstanding cadres to work in Dakui Village of Layika Town in Hetian County, arranged the work group leader to serve as the first secretary of Dakui Village, helped the farmers build wood processing plants, grinding rooms and boiler rooms, renovated the sports facilities of primary and secondary schools, repaired the village’s cultural activity room, broadcasting room and reading room, visited the old soldiers, old cadres, old Party members and old models over the age of 60 as well as the poor in the village, held trainings on planting and breeding and made propagandas of modern culture; carried out the activity of“national unity as one family”in the poverty-stricken areas of Xinjiang, organized railway cadres to make friends with the poor households in the village; and invested 200,000 yuan in Yuanzhou District, Guyuan City of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region to support the reconstruction of one cultural square in Yanshuigou natural village, Maquan Village of Zhangyi Town. In August, the Lanzhou Railway Bureau organized 16 medical experts of Gansu Second People’s Hospital and Lanzhou Aier Eye Hospital to provide free medical services for nearly 600 farmers of Xiaogou Village, Zhonghe Town, Yuanzhou District, and donated medicines worth more than 10,000 yuan. 
(Guo Xinjie, General Office of China Railway Corporation)
Poverty Alleviation by China Development Bank
【Overview】In 2016, making advantage of development-oriented finance, China Development Bank (hereinafter referred to as“CDB”) increased financing and intellectual support, and issued 315.3 billion yuan of targeted poverty alleviation funds to support the ex-situ relocation, infrastructure construction, the development of characteristic industries, education, medical services and public health, and the issuance of student aid loans in poor areas. 
【Field research on poverty alleviation】In order to make clear the situation in poor areas, in 2016, Chairman Hu Huaibang of China Development Bank carried out field research respectively in Wuchuan County, Zheng’an County, Daozhen County of Guizhou Province as well as Gulan County of Sichuan Province. China Development Bank carried out a total of 537 field surveys in 437 poor counties and prepared a total of 64 research reports and work plans, laying a foundation and exploring ways for the poverty reduction work. 
【Work idea and method of“Sidao”】China Development Bank made clear the work idea of“ex-situ relocation in the provinces, infrastructure construction in the counties, industry development for villages (households) and education subsidies to households (people)”, and set the goal of issuing 1.5 trillion yuan of poverty relief funds during the“13th Five-Year Plan”period, creating the basic strategy and roadmap for development-oriented financial poverty alleviation. 
【Poverty alleviation finance】After the central poverty alleviation work conference in 2015, China Development Bank set up the leading group of poverty alleviation with Chairman Hu Huaibang as the head, and comprehensively strengthened the organization and leadership of poverty reduction. In 2016, five special meetings were held to make deployments on the anti-poverty work, and the project design, personnel allocation, system construction, establishment of institutions and approval work were completed. On May 31, approved by CBRC, the Poverty alleviation financial business department of China Development Bank was officially set up and put into operation, under which the Comprehensive Services Bureau, the Infrastructure Bureau and the Regional Development Bureau were set up, achieving the separate accounting and operation of the special accounts for poverty alleviation. China Development Bank got specialized agencies, professional teams and experts, providing an organizational guarantee for winning the tough battle against poverty. In addition, in order to further implement the responsibility, taking the“top leader”as the first person in charge of the anti-poverty work, the Party committees of the branches of China Development Bank signed the letters of responsibility for poverty reduction with the Party committee of the head office and made clear the anti-poverty work duties at all levels. 
【Bank-government cooperation】Strengthened the contact, communication and coordination with LGOP, the Central Rural Work Leading Group Office and the National Development and Reform Commission (hereinafter referred to as the NDRC) and took an active part in the research of pro-poor policies; cooperated with the relevant ministries and commissions to promote the poverty alleviation in the fields of water conservancy, transportation, education, medical service and public health; deepened the cooperation with the local governments in poverty reduction; successively signed the agreements on cooperation in poverty reduction through development-oriented finance with 21 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) such as Guizhou, Gansu and Yunnan, and made clear the work objectives, focus of support and cooperation mechanism, laying a foundation for making joint efforts to reduce poverty; established the mechanism and platform for the cooperation in poverty reduction through development-oriented finance; set up the provincial, city and county-level“offices of the cooperation in poverty reduction through development-oriented finance”jointly with the local governments, established the work mechanisms and cooperation platforms for organizing, promoting and coordinating financial poverty alleviation, and improved the operation of poverty relief projects and the management of fund use. 
【Ex-situ relocation for poverty alleviation】According to Vice Premier Wang Yang’s instruction of“straightening out the central, provincial and city (county) capital operation mechanisms”, China Development Bank opened up the capital operation channels, assisted the governments of 22 provinces (municipalities, autonomous regions) to establish the provincial poverty alleviation investment and financing entities. Under the guidance of the NDRC, China Development Bank took the initiative to study and design the provincial, city and county capital management systems, regulated the links of fund borrowing, use and management, and held the national training course of financing for ex-situ relocation. Did a good job of fundraising. Throughout the year, we successfully issued nine special policy financial bonds and raised 33.6 billion yuan of credit loans for ex-situ relocation. Expedited project evaluation and loan issuance. According to the provincial poverty alleviation and financing entities’financing mode of“unified borrowing, unified procurement and unified loan repayment”, we opened up the Easy Access, optimized the lending procedures, promised to lend 446.1 billion yuan of loans to 22 provinces (municipalities, autonomous regions), benefiting 9.11 registered poor people and 2.53 million relocated residents. As of 2016, China Development Bank had issued 31.1 billion yuan of loans, approved 21.6 billion yuan of special construction funds and invested 19.9 billion yuan to provide a strong financial guarantee for the ex-situ relocation. 
【Infrastructure construction】According to the“Opinions on Supporting Poor Counties to Launch the Pilot Work of Integrated Use of Financial Agricultural Funds”issued by the General Office of the State Council, China Development Bank put forward the innovative measure of encouraging the issuance of credit loans through the integrated use of financial agricultural funds, under the premise of not increasing the financial burden on local governments, and provided loan support for the infrastructure construction in the registered impoverished villages of poor counties, covering village group road building, safe drinking water, environment improvement and school security projects, effectively addressing the problem of infrastructure construction in poor areas. In 2016, China Development Bank promised to issue 225.5 billion yuan of loans for the rural infrastructure construction, and provided 31.9 billion yuan of loans for 417 poor counties of 22 provinces (municipalities, autonomous regions), benefiting 52.59 million people of 30147 registered impoverished villages, including 13.54 million registered poor people. The funds could be used to construct 260,000 km of village roads and 4908 school security projects, and solve the drinking water safety problem of 19.04 million people and the environmental remediation problem of 19288 registered poor villages. 
【Industrial poverty alleviation】In 2016, China Development Bank issued 27.7 billion yuan of industrial poverty alleviation loans to 146 poor counties, benefiting 3.1 million people, including 157,000 registered poor people; improved and promoted the lending mode of“four platforms and one association”(management platform, unified lending platform, guarantee platform, publicity platform, credit association), established the socialized operation management system and risk prevention mechanism, effectively combined the mechanism of“four platforms and one association”with the operation mechanism of village-level mutual funds association, provided petty poverty-relief credit loans of no more than 30,000 yuan per loan to the registered poor in Gansu Province, and issued a total of 1.02 billion yuan of loans throughout the year to support the development of characteristic industries of 34,000 poor households. Supported the leading enterprises to play their leading role in boosting industrial development so that the poor households will be able to share the value-added income of the industries; in cooperation with Shaanxi Province Supply and Marketing Group, making advantages of the circulation system of supply and marketing cooperatives, explored the financing mode of“government + China Development Bank + supply and marketing group + leading enterprises (cooperatives) + poor households”for industrial poverty alleviation, issued 65 million yuan of loans to support nine leading enterprises in eight poor counties, and lifted nearly 3,000 registered poor households out of poverty; focusing on supporting the development of follow-up industries after the ex-situ relocation, developed the industrial poverty alleviation planning, promoted the credit extension for relocation and industry development at the same time, and explored the establishment of the follow-up industry development fund to effectively encourage the investment of financial and social capital in the development of industries in the resettlement areas so as to enhance the development capacity of the immigrants. 
【Poverty alleviation in education】China Development Bank continued to expand the business scope of the student loans and supported the poverty alleviation in the field of education in order to block the intergenerational transmission of poverty. Giving play to the role of main banks in issuing student loans, in accordance with the principle of“lending to whoever meets the conditions”, as of 2016, China Development Bank had issued a total of 110.8 billion yuan of student loans, of which 22.9 billion yuan was issued in 2016, covering 2711 universities, 2094 counties and 26 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities), supporting 8.98 million students from needy families to receive university education, including more than one million students from the registered poor households. A breakthrough was made in promoting the issuance of student loans for the junior and middle school graduates who failed to continue their education. Launched the pilot program of student loans for the secondary vocational education in Gulan of Sichuan, provided credit loans for the secondary vocational school students from needy families, focusing on addressing the insufficient accommodation and living expenses; issued the first batch of 1.09 million yuan of loans to support 226 needy students to receive secondary vocational education, laying a foundation for promoting employments and increasing income; and supported the construction of vocational schools and training bases for migrant workers in order to improve the labor skills of poor people, enhance their employability and entrepreneurial capabilities, and thus help them shake off poverty fundamentally. 
【Financial commissioners for poverty alleviation】China Development Bank sent 183 backbone talents to carry out anti-poverty work in the poor areas, of whom 79% are CPC members, 36% are division-level cadres, and 70% have the educational levels of or above master. The poverty relief financial commissioners visited the poor villages and households, and played the role of propagandists, planners and liaison officers in policy advocacy, planning formulation, and the design of poverty alleviation projects and financing patterns. Through the Internet, they launched the public fundraising, made propagandas and raised funds for the characteristic industries in poor villages such as sweet orange industry and so on; helped the farmers introduce high-quality grape varieties, updated the planting technology, assisted in fundraising, promoted the development of characteristic industries, solved the marketing problem through the introduction of e-business platform, and provided a complete set of services for the poor village to shake off poverty and become rich.
【Intellectual support for poverty reduction】Taking advantage of expert banks, China Development Bank provided intellectual support for poverty alleviation in poor areas through the preparation of planning, consulting services and training courses. Strengthened the planning preparation. Actively participated in the preparation of the national poverty reduction planning for the“13th Five-Year Plan”period and the ex-situ relocation planning; assisted 22 provinces in formulating the provincial poverty alleviation planning, and launched the pilot program for the cooperation in financing planning formulation for 22 key counties for national poverty alleviation and development; organized the preparation of 28 poverty alleviation financing planning for Wuling Mountain Area and Dabie Mountain Area, forming the poverty reduction ideas and methods for contiguous destitute areas. Held the“training course of local cadres on poverty alleviation and development”. Held trainings for 492 cadres of 391 poor counties in eight contiguous destitute areas such as the Liupan Mountain Area and the stoney desertification zones in Yunnan, Guangxi and Guizhou, aiming to help the cadres of poor areas to better understand the ideas and practices of poverty reduction supported by development-oriented finance and enhance the ability of local cadres to reduce poverty by means of financial instruments. Strengthened the publicity of pro-poor policies and the introduction of typical models. We actively introduced the central government’s pro-poor policies and the idea and methods of financial support, comprehensively introduced the methods and experiences of China Development Bank in supporting poverty alleviation, and summarized the typical cases and models of poverty reduction to provide references for the anti-poverty work nationwide.
【Fixed-point poverty alleviation】Adhering to the combination between“blood transfusion”and“blood-making”function, China Development Bank completed its anti-poverty work in four counties, namely Zheng’an County, Wuchuan County and Daozhen County of Guizhou Province as well as and Gulan County of Sichuan Province, issued a total of 9.1 billion yuan of loans and donated 35 million yuan to the poor counties, lifting 330,000 people out of poverty. As a result, Wuchuan County, Zheng’an County and Daozhen County of Guizhou Province successively took off the hat of poverty. Made innovations to the use of donated funds, donated 24 million yuan to 21 poor counties to increase risk compensation and provide support for the industry development in poor counties. On the basis of doing a good job in the fixed-point poverty alleviation, China Development Bank actively cooperated with the central state organs and units, made innovations to the fixed-point poverty alleviation system and mechanism, signed the cooperation agreements and issued guiding opinions jointly with the State Organs Work Committee of the CPC, the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the Ministry of Water Resources, the National Tourism Administration and the All-China Association of Industry & Commerce to push forward the fixed-point poverty alleviation work. As of 2016, China Development Bank had established cooperative relations with 47 central state organs, established the mechanism for stable contacts with the cadres sent to the poor villages and 103 poor counties by central organs, participated in the formulation of poverty alleviation planning for 79 counties, designed the financing programs for 119 counties, signed a cooperation agreement for poverty alleviation with 44 of these counties, and issued a total of 107.4 billion yuan of loans to 230 counties. 
(Yang Yu, China Development Bank)
Poverty Alleviation by Agricultural Development 
Bank of China
【Overview】In 2016, Agricultural Development Bank of China issued a total of 488.3 billion yuan of loans for targeted poverty reduction, accounting for 27.6% of its total loans, and the balance of the loans for targeted poverty reduction was 901.2 billion yuan, accounting for 22% of the total. At the end of 2016, the balance of targeted poverty reduction loans increased by 336.1 billion yuan compared to that at the beginning of 201, accounting for 51.2% of the total increase in the loans; the growth rate of targeted poverty reduction loans was 59.5%, three times the average level. Specifically, the balance of the loans for targeted industrial poverty alleviation was 329.6 billion yuan, of which 160.3 billion yuan was issued for 2.2 million poor people that year; and the balance of the project loans was 571.6 billion yuan, of which 327.9 billion yuan was issued for 89.34 million poor people that year. In 2016, Agricultural Development Bank of China won the“annual best bank award for poverty reduction”of the“Financial Times”and the“2016 outstanding contribution award for financial poverty alleviation”of“Half A Month On”; Comrade Hu Shicai of Tibet Branch of Agricultural Development Bank of China won the“2016 National Poverty Reduction Award”and is the only winner of this award of the national financial agencies and in Tibet Autonomous Region. 
【Construction of poverty alleviation institutions】Agricultural Development Bank of China established and improved the relevant system and mechanism to provide organizational guarantee for poverty alleviation. The head office set up the leading group of poverty alleviation. Party Secretary and Chairman Xie Xuezhi served as the head and President Zhu Shumin served as the deputy head, responsible for the organization and leadership of the anti-poverty work of Agricultural Development Bank of China. The head office set up the poverty alleviation finance department. President Zhu Shumin was appointed as the Chairman, and Vice president Bao Jianan was appointed as the Executive Vice Chairman. Under this, the bank has set up the comprehensive poverty reduction business division (ex-situ relocation division), the industrial development-based poverty alleviation division, the infrastructure construction-based poverty alleviation division and the poverty relief credit and risk control division to be responsible for the organization and management of poverty alleviation business; set up the Executive Committee of poverty alleviation financial business department to implement the major decisions and agreed matters of the head office’s Party committee and make decisions for major matters of the poverty alleviation finance department. Set up the ADBC poverty alleviation organization system. Set up the poverty alleviation business departments in the provincial branches of ADBC of the 22 provinces that signed the letters of responsibility with the central government on poverty reduction, and in the sub-branches as well, set up the poverty alleviation financial business departments in the national key counties for poverty alleviation and development with ADBC outlets, and the poverty alleviation work teams in the key counties without ADBC outlets, covering 839 key counties, achieving the full coverage of poor areas for policy-oriented financial service agencies. Established the poverty alleviation work mechanism for ADBC leaders to contract the anti-poverty work in certain regions; set up the poverty alleviation work mechanism for head office leaders to contract the anti-poverty work in 22 key provinces for poverty reduction, four poor counties for ADBC’s fixed-point poverty alleviation, and one county for counterpart support of ADBC; adhered to the principle of overall responsibility undertaking by provincial government, arranged the provincial branches’leaders to contract the policy-oriented financial poverty reduction work in the key counties, and appointed the persons in charge of the policy-oriented financial poverty reduction work in 839 key counties. 
【Five-year plan for policy-oriented financial poverty alleviation】Agricultural Development Bank of China formulated the five-year plan for policy-oriented financial poverty alleviation, and made clear the overall thinking, targets, tasks and measures for the anti-poverty work of ADBC, striving to issue a total of three trillion yuan of poverty relief loans in the“13th Five-Year Plan”period and increase the balance of poverty relief loans by two trillion yuan by 2020 compared to the amount at the end of“12th Five-Year Plan”period.
【Ex-situ relocation for poverty alleviation】In 2016, Agricultural Development Bank of China approved the issuance of 508.5 billion yuan of relocation loans, issued a total of 120.2 billion yuan of loans to support 624 relocation projects, and the balance of the loans was 192.1 billion yuan. Among that, 41.9 billion yuan was discount loans for relocation, accounting for 58.4%, and 23.92 billion yuan was special construction funds for relocation, accounting for 55.7%. Through the interbank bond market, we issued 39 billion yuan of special financial bonds for poverty alleviation with weighted average interest rate of 2.89% and weighted average period of 4 years, and issued 60 billion yuan of ordinary poverty alleviation financial bonds with weighted average interest rate of 3.23% and weighted average period of 5.75 years. Actively participated in the ex-situ relocation policy research and planning formulation, introduced special loan products, strengthened loan management and rationalized the funds operating mechanism.
【Industrial poverty alleviation】In 2016, Agricultural Development Bank of China issued a total of 160.3 billion yuan of loans for targeted poverty alleviation, and the balance of the loan was 329.6 billion yuan. ADBC provided strong support for the national“five one-batch”poverty reduction projects, actively supported the poverty alleviation through PV power generation, issued the“Opinions on the Implementation of Poverty Alleviation through PV Power Generation”jointly with the National Energy Administration and LGOP, and especially developed the credit products for poverty reduction through PV power generation; launched the tourism-based poverty alleviation credit products, arousing the high attention of relevant parties; vigorously supported the purchase and storage of grain, cotton and oil as well as the agricultural industrialization in poor areas; made clear the grain, cotton and oil industry-based poverty alleviation should focus on supporting the purchase and storage of grain, cotton and oil, the agricultural industrialization, the development of characteristic industries and the development of new industries in poor areas, make innovations to the supporting mode, optimize the credit management and increase support; steadily pushed forward the poverty alleviation work through the development of characteristic industries; made clear the policy connotation, focus of support, innovative modes and loan management requirements of the credit business for poverty reduction through the development of characteristic industries, established six major areas for poverty reduction through the development of characteristic industries, namely the poverty alleviation on production bases, poverty alleviation by science and technology, poverty alleviation by e-commerce, poverty alleviation by planting, breeding and processing, tourism-based poverty alleviation and ecological poverty alleviation, and gradually developed differentiated credit policies.
【Poverty alleviation through infrastructure construction】Giving full play to the role of agricultural and rural infrastructure construction loans in supporting poor areas, the Agricultural Development Bank of China increased support for key areas and key fields, issued a total of 202.6 billion yuan of infrastructure construction loans throughout the year, and the balance of the loan was 379.6 billion yuan. To address the infrastructure construction problem in poor areas, covering water conservancy, electricity, road and gas network construction, ADBC developed a series of documents to decompose the task of infrastructure construction loans for poverty reduction based on the time, region and varieties; improved the relevant policies, canceled the access restrictions of local financial strength for 839 key counties to obtain loans for rural traffic and rural living environment improvement, actively met the funding demand of poor areas for infrastructure construction; made innovations to the pattern, studied and issued guiding opinions on poverty reduction through infrastructure construction, made clear the development idea of infrastructure construction loans for poverty reduction; actively explored the government purchase of services, government procurement, government authorized self-management, and the application of PPP and other diversified business models in the field of poverty alleviation and development; consolidated the foundation; made statistics and analysis of the economic and debt data of 839 key national counties and 495 key provincial counties for poverty reduction to comprehensively understand the basic situation of economic development in poor counties so as to provide a basis for the issuance of infrastructure construction funds for poverty reduction. 
【Experimental demonstration zone of policy-oriented financial poverty alleviation】Taking the experimental demonstration zones as the platform, the Agricultural Development Bank of China actively explored innovative models of policy-oriented financial poverty alleviation. In cooperation with LGOP, we accelerated the construction of four experimental demonstration zones respectively in Baise City of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Baoding City of Hebei Province, Bijie City of Guizhou Province, and Ankang City of Shaanxi Province, improved the mechanism for the cooperation among the local governments, LGOP and ADBC, and actively explored the effective mode of targeted poverty reduction through the combination of financial funds and policy-oriented financial poverty relief funds; promoted the cooperation with a dozen of provincial governments, such as the governments of Guizhou, Chongqing and Anhui, in the construction of provincial experimental demonstration zones of policy-oriented financial poverty alleviation, and actively explored the provincial and municipal government procurement of poverty alleviation and development services, the establishment of provincial policy-oriented guarantee companies, the implementation of government credit increase to promote the issuance of loans for targeted poverty reduction, and the creation of the financial ecological environment. 
【East-west pairing-off poverty alleviation and the targeted poverty alleviation action for 10,000 enterprises to support 10,000 villages】Agricultural Development Bank of China issued the guidance on supporting the east-west pairing-off poverty alleviation and the guidance on supporting the targeted poverty alleviation action for 10,000 enterprises to support 10,000 villages, and made specific deployments on the starting points and increasing support, made clear the functional orientation, service objects and support policies of the east-west pairing-off poverty alleviation and strengthened the cooperation with the local governments and the relevant ministries and commissions in poverty reduction. Signed the strategic cooperation agreements with the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, LGOP and China Society for Promotion of the Guangcai Program on policy-oriented financial support for 10,000 enterprises to support 10,000 villages, on the basis on the ledger management system of the targeted poverty reduction action of 10,000 enterprises’support for 10,000 villages and the projects recommended by ADBC provincial branches, established the project library for the targeted poverty reduction action of 10,000 enterprises’support for 10,000 villages, and implemented the list management system. Focusing on targeted poverty alleviation, we implemented differential credit policies, and guided private enterprises to invest in business operation in poor areas. Supported a number of enterprises with obvious poverty reduction effect and with a leading position and a wide range of market impact, and created 100 pioneer demonstration enterprises.
【Bank-government cooperation for poverty reduction】Agricultural Development Bank of China actively cooperated with the relevant ministries, commission and local governments in poverty alleviation, actively participated in the formulation of local government’s poverty alleviation planning and pro-poor policies, applied for becoming members of the local leading groups for poverty reduction, and strengthened the cooperation with local governments in poverty reduction. So far, 20 provincial branches of ADBC have become the members of the provincial leading groups for poverty alleviation and development, signed cooperation agreements with 22 provincial governments or provincial poverty alleviation and development departments, and reached the cooperative intention for anti-poverty loans of 1.338 trillion yuan. Signed a comprehensive strategic cooperation agreement with the Ministry of Agriculture on supporting agricultural modernization, comprehensively promoted the poverty alleviation based on the development of characteristic industries, and explored the implementation of targeted industrial poverty reduction and incentive measures. In conjunction with the Ministry of Transport, we issued the“Notice on Making Joint Efforts to Promote Transport-based Poverty Reduction Work”, strengthened the docking and cooperation with the Ministry of Transport, and actively supported the rural highroad construction in poor areas. In conjunction with the Ministry of Housing and Urban-rural Development, we issued the“Notice on Promoting Policy-oriented Finance to Support the Construction of Small Towns”, supported the regional and overall construction of characteristic towns in poor areas, and gave full play to the demonstration and leading role of characteristic towns in poor areas. Signed a cooperation framework agreement on supporting online poverty alleviation with the National Development and Reform Commission, and planned to invest no less than 100 billion yuan of credit funds to boost the implementation of the national online poverty alleviation and development strategy.
【Poverty reduction in contiguous destitute areas】Agricultural Development Bank of China increased credit investment in the poverty reduction in Tibet, issued a total of 46.484 billion yuan of poverty relief loans to Tibet throughout the year, with a net increase of 41.287 billion yuan and a balance of poverty relief loans of 47.043 billion yuan, ranking first among the financial institutions in terms of the increase and growth rate of poverty relief loans, achieving the full coverage of 74 counties (districts) in Tibet, and issued 75 million yuan of special construction funds for relocation in Tibet, accounting for 60% of the total construction funds for relocation in the whole region. Tibet branch of ADBC was titled as Advanced Poverty Reduction Unit by the Headquarters of Poverty Alleviation in Tibet. Also, Agricultural Development Bank of China developed and improved the policies to support the anti-poverty work in Tibetan areas, developed the support policies respectively for Tibet and the Tibetan areas in four provinces, gave priority to the Tibetan areas in business authorization, regional access, credit management, loan process, interest rate setting and resource allocation, and provided differentiated credit support. 
【Poverty-relief credit products】Agricultural Development Bank of China speeded up the R & D of credit products for accurate poverty alleviation; based on the introduction of special credit products for targeted poverty alleviation such as poverty reduction through PV power generation and the tourism-based poverty reduction, actively explored the development of loans to support education-based poverty reduction, Internet poverty alleviation, ecological poverty alleviation and asset income-based poverty alleviation, and wholesale loans for poverty reduction; accelerated the implementation of poverty-relief bridge loan policy, conscientiously implemented the spirit of the Zhong Fa No. 34 document, i.e. using bridge loans to encourage the investment of poverty-relief credit funds, introduced bridge loans for poverty alleviation to support the construction of poverty alleviation projects with stable source; launched pilot project of agriculture-supporting transfer loans in Jiangxi Branch and Zhejiang Branch, and explored the cooperation with the commercial banks in poor areas to address the financing difficulty, high financing cost and the“last kilometer”problem in poverty-stricken areas. 
【Fixed-point poverty alleviation policy】In 2016, Agricultural Development Bank of China was responsible for the fixed-point poverty alleviation in Da’an City of Jilin Province, Longlin County of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Jinping County of Guizhou Province and Maguan County of Yunnan Province, issued the“Five-year Plan of Agricultural Development Bank of China for Policy-oriented Financial Poverty Alleviation”to make overall planning on the fixed-point poverty alleviation work in the next five years, issued the“Opinions on Strengthening the Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation Work”to make clear a series of preferential policies, such as separate credit plan formulation, the implementation of preferential interest rates, priority in allocation of financial resources, and cancelling the threshold limit of access to financial revenue; strengthened the pilot work of innovative credit business in the poor counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation, launched the pilot work of issuing poverty-relief wholesale loans to the poor counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation, and expanded the coverage of fields supported by targeted poverty alleviation in the regions for fixed-point poverty alleviation.
【Field research on poverty alleviation】In 2016, relevant leaders of the headquarters of Agricultural Development Bank of China headed a research group to carry out field survey in the poor counties for 44 days and 14 times, achieving full coverage of all the poor counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation. Chairman of Agricultural Development Bank of China Xie Xuezhi held talks with the party and government leaders of Jilin Province and Guizhou Province, and reached an intention with them on strategic cooperation, creating good environment for the cooperation between ADBC and the local governments. President Zhu Shumin went to Longlin County twice to introduce pro-poor policies and actively respond to the local government’s demand for poverty reduction. During his field survey in Maguan County, he presided over the fixed-point poverty alleviation work conference to explore the grand pattern of poverty reduction in the poor counties with support of ADBC. During his field research in Jinping County, Vice President Bao Jian’an carried out supervision on the implementation of pro-poor measures for Jinping arranged by the Chairman, and further made clear the work idea, functions and tasks of the three-member poverty reduction team sent to the poor counties. 
【Fixed-point poverty alleviation measures】Five poverty reduction projects were implemented. Firstly, promoted the poverty reduction work in the poor counties through party building, and combined the fixed-point poverty alleviation with the activity of“Two Studies, One Action”. Secondly, further increased credit support for the infrastructure construction projects and industrial projects urgently needed by the poor counties, and gave priority to the poor counties in the allocation of credit loans. In 2016, a total of 3.28 billion yuan of loans and construction funds was issued to the four poor counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation, benefiting 55400 registered poor people, of which 802 million yuan with preferential interest rates was issued for seven projects, surrendering nearly 10 million yuan of profit to the four counties every year. Thirdly, analyzed the most urgent financial needs and of the four poor counties for poverty reduction as well as the financial strength, and developed the financial development plan. The plan initially made clear that it will support 50 projects in the poor counties with a total of 15.19 billion yuan of credit loans in the next five years. Fourthly, on the basis of cadre dispatch by the headquarters, we selected eight comrades from the headquarters and provincial branches to work in the four poor counties, and established the three-member fixed-point poverty alleviation group to serve as the pro-poor policy publicity team and the think tank for local financial planning. Fifthly, the headquarters set up a special donation fund for poverty alleviation, which is used to support the public welfare, basic and relief projects in impoverished villages, such as the village group road building and the improvement of special schools and living facilities for poor people. In 2016, a total of 8 million yuan was donated for 24 relief projects. ADBC’s branches and sub-branches at all levels in the provinces of the counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation also organized their staff to donate for the poverty reduction. 
(Wang Zhe, Comprehensive Business Department of Poverty Alleviation,
Agricultural Development Bank of China)
Poverty Alleviation by Agricultural Bank of China
【Overview】In 2016, the Agricultural Bank of China (hereinafter referred to as the“ABC”) set up the leading group of financial poverty alleviation in the headquarters with Chairman as the head, and set up the financial department of poverty alleviation and development. The relevant branches and sub-branches set up the special poverty alleviation agencies or teams. Established the system for the dispatch of ABC leaders at all levels to guide the work of county-level sub-branches in the poor areas and incorporated their performance into the assessment system of the leading cadres. In January 2016, the Agricultural Bank of China issued“Opinions on Promoting the Financial Poverty Alleviation in the“13th Five-Year Plan’Period”, made clear the basic principles, objectives, priorities and resource guarantee for ABC’s financial poverty alleviation in the next five years, and proposed to increase loans of no less than 70 billion yuan per year to the 832 key counties for poverty population, ensure the growth rate of loans for these key counties will be above the bank’s average level, and lift at least one million registered poor people out of poverty. Strengthened the cooperation with poverty alleviation departments, development and reform departments, financial departments at all levels, the People’s Bank and China Banking Regulatory Commission to make innovations to the poverty alleviation actions through government credit enhancement, government procurement of services, PV power generation and industrial funds, etc. According to the requirements of the Guizhou provincial government, the“Opinion on Supporting the Poverty Alleviation in Guizhou Province”was issued; in accordance with the letter from the United Front Work Department of CPC Central Committee, the“Notice on Issuing Loans to China Society for Promotion of the Guangcai Program”. In 2016, the Agricultural Bank of China set out a special credit program for the relevant agencies in 832 key counties and gave priority to them in the design of employment plan, the implementation of recruitment policy and the allocation of training resources, made it clear that the devaluation preparation for loans of the registered poor should be made by the headquarters, and differential economic capital coefficient should be implemented. A green examination and approval channel has been opened up for the key poverty alleviation projects in poor areas. In 2016, the Agricultural Bank of China issued the“Special Evaluation Scheme of Financial Poverty Alleviation”for the assessment of the targeted financial poverty alleviation work of the subbranches in poor counties, incorporated the credit loan issuance situation of 832 key counties into the assessment of financial business departments for rural areas, rural residents and agriculture, and the assessment results were linked to the special salary and the distribution of funds. In addition, we developed the accurate poverty alleviation statistics system (APSS) of the Agricultural Bank of China to achieve the timely and complete statistics of ABC’s targeted poverty alleviation loans and poverty reduction results (lifting the registered poor out of poverty) and accurately reflect the effects of ABC’s financial poverty alleviation work. 
【Credit poverty alleviation】In 2016, the Agricultural Bank of China issued a total of 335.1 billion yuan of loans to 832 key counties for poverty alleviation, and the balance of loans to these counties amounted to 704.4 billion yuan, with an increase of 92 billion yuan over the beginning of that year, and with a growth rate 5.4 percentage points above ADB’s average. The annual plan was completed by 131% and the growth rate was higher than the expected one. 63.7 billion yuan of loans was issued for infrastructure construction, covering the construction of water conservancy, electricity, roads, bridges and network, with a loan balance of 240.2 billion yuan. 54.2 billion yuan of credit loans was approved to support the construction of 34 major water conservancy projects in poor areas, with a loan balance of 8 billion yuan. 30.2 billion yuan of loans was issued for new agricultural business entities, with a loan balance of 33 billion yuan, mainly supporting 593 agricultural industrialization leading enterprises, 41 thousand members of specialized cooperatives, 95 thousand family farms and professional households. 86.6 billion yuan of industrial loans was issued to the counties, with a loan balance of 207 billion yuan, and 58.5 billion yuan of loans was issued to small and micro enterprises, with a loan balance of 108.9 billion yuan. Anhui Branch of Agricultural Bank of China carried out the targeted poverty alleviation action of“1,000 enterprises’support for 1,000 villages”jointly with Anhui Provincial Association of Industry and Commerce, Anhui Provincial Poverty Alleviation Office and China Society for Promotion of the Guangcai Program, and supported 84 enterprises with a loan balance of 2.04 billion yuan. In addition, the Agricultural Bank of China issued 20.9 billion yuan of loans for rural urbanization, with a loan balance of 59.1 billion yuan, issued 3.6 billion yuan of loans for education and medical services, with a loan balance of 5.1 billion yuan. Huayuan County Subbranch of the Agricultural Bank of China approved 200 million yuan of loans to support the infrastructure construction of 12 township hospitals and 3 county hospitals.
【Targeted poverty alleviation】According to the statistical standards of the People’s Bank of China, in 2016, the Agricultural Bank of China issued 104.1 billion yuan of loans for accurate poverty alleviation, with a loan balance of 203.4 billion yuan at the end of 2016, 42.4 billion yuan more than that at the beginning of that year, up 26.4%; lifted 5.6 million registered poor people out of poverty, with an increase of 1.06 million over 2015, and completed the annual goal of increasing the income of one million people of lifting one million people out of poverty. As of the end of 2016, the balance of the loans to the registered poor amounted to 16.3 billion yuan, which was used to increase the income of 1.07 million registered poor through production development; the balance of the loans to targeted industrial poverty alleviation was 50.4 billion yuan and the balance of other accurate poverty alleviation loans for individuals was 2.4 billion yuan, increasing the income of 250,000 registered poor people. The balance of the loans for accurate poverty reduction projects was 134.4 billion yuan, covering the infrastructure and livelihood projects in poor areas, benefiting 4.28 million registered poor people in surrounding areas and improving the production and living conditions in poor areas. 
【Financial poverty alleviation】As of the end of 2016, the Agricultural Bank of China created and promoted a number of sustainable models of financial poverty alleviation. The government credit enhancement model of“policy guarantee corporation or risk compensation + Agricultural Bank of China+ (poor) rural households”was promoted to 27 branches and 973 sub-branches, and a total of 80.7 billion yuan of loans was issued, with a loan balance of 34.9 billion yuan, benefiting 1.54 million rural households. Inner Mongolia Branch of ABC cooperated with the governments of 13 cities such as Baotou, set up the“industrial funds of beautiful countryside”to serve rural infrastructure construction and invested 21.2 billion yuan for it, which will benefit more than 10 million farmers and herdsmen. Through government purchase of services, the Agricultural Bank of China approved the issuance of 4.6 billion yuan to support the education-based poverty alleviation project for the“13th Five-Year Plan”period in Qianxinan Prefecture of Guizhou Province, covering the construction of infrastructure and ancillary facilities in six categories of schools, namely the pre-schools, primary schools, junior high schools, senior high schools, secondary vocational schools and special education schools. Based on the construction of township and village credit systems, the Tibet Branch issued a total of 47 billion yuan of credit loans to the rural households, covering more than 90% of the farmers and herdsmen in local area. 
Gansu Branch, Xinjiang Branch, Ningxia Branch, Hubei Branch and Hebei Branch of the Agricultural Bank of China launched the“accurate poverty alleviation loans”tailored for the registered poor people. Gansu Branch of the Agricultural Bank of China issued accurate poverty alleviation loans of 6.5 billion yuan to support 135,000 registered poor households in Gannan and Longnan. Nine branches of ABC, including those in Hunan, Anhui, Hebei and Shanxi, launched the innovative loans for poverty alleviation through PV power generation. Anhui Branch has approved the issuance of 290 million yuan of loans for poverty alleviation through PV power generation, which will lift more than 13,000 registered poor households and 27 registered impoverished villages out of poverty. Guizhou Branch and Hunan Branch of ABC launched the ex-situ relocation loans. Guizhou Branch issued 800 million yuan of relocation loans to support the construction of 12300 sets of 1167000 square meters of houses, benefiting 48,000 people. Anhui, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guizhou, Yunnan and Gansu made innovations to the credit products for characteristic industries such as fruit and forest loans, sweet loans, oil tea loans and tea grower loans. Jiangxi Branch issued 2.3 billion yuan of tea oil loans to Soviet Area in Southern Jiangxi to support the planting of 1.24 million mu of camellia oleifera trees by 36 enterprises and 14,000 rural households in local area, with a loan balance of 1.5 billion yuan. Sichuan Branch, Ningxia Branch and Yunnan Branch cooperated with the local governments to innovate special credit loan products for poor women and returned young entrepreneurs. Through the model of“Agricultural Bank of China + Women’s Federation + rural households”, Sichuan Branch issued 256 million yuan of loans to 48 counties to support the employment and entrepreneurship of rural women from 4634 households. 
Issued a total of 61.22 million farmer-benefiting cards, arranged 206,000 electronic instruments and set up 146,000 farmer-benefiting financial service centers in 832 key counties for national poverty alleviation, covering 72% of the administrative villages and 100% of the administrative villages with the communication network conditions for fixed telephone, providing the poor farmers with basic financial services such as the saving and withdrawal, transfer and settlement of petty money. New functions such as interbank withdrawals and interbank transfers have been successively launched in the farmer-benefiting service centers. Agricultural Bank of China actively undertook the agent projects of the new rural cooperative medical services, the new rural social endowment insurance, the agriculture-related financial subsidy and the rural public utilities charge, covering 36% of the administrative villages in poor areas. 
Promoted the e-commerce platform of“E-manager of Agricultural Bank of China”in the poverty-stricken areas, constructed the“inclusive finance demonstration zone”(achieving the full coverage of rural areas of basic financial services such as deposit, withdrawal, lending, remittances, enquiry, payment and consumption), the“preferential finance leading area”(one billion yuan of unsecured discount accurate poverty reduction loans with the benchmark interest rate was issued in 2016) and the“Internet finance innovation area”(making innovations to the new pattern of“the Internet + poverty alleviation + finance + people’s livelihood + government + industry). 
Agricultural Bank of China did not charge the cost of production of farmer-benefiting cars and the small-sum account management fee, and reduced the annual fees in poor areas, and implemented the benchmark interest rate for the loans to the registered poor households. Since 2016, on the basis of the decline of 118 basis points, the interest rate of newly issued loans for agriculture, rural areas and farmers has been reduced by 84 basic points. 
【Fixed-point poverty alleviation】Agricultural Bank of China was responsible for the fixed-point poverty alleviation in Wuqiang County and Raoyang County of Hebei Province, Huangping County of Guizhou Province and Xiushan County of Chongqing. In 2016, Agricultural Bank of China set up the leading group of fixed-point poverty alleviation with Chairman as the head, held the fixed-point poverty alleviation work conference, issued the“Support Policies for Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation”and implemented 11 preferential policies such as the full guarantee of credit scale. The relevant leaders of Agricultural Bank of China, the supervisor of“three rural issues”and principals of relevant departments carried out field research in the poor counties for many times, coordinated to address the relevant problems in the anti-poverty work, steadily pushed forward the dispatch of subprefects, vice presidents of ABC and the first secretary of poor villages in the counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation, and sent the second batch of nine cadres to the poor counties in the second half of 2016; implemented the credit preview policy for the key construction projects in the poor counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation, and accelerated the loan approval process for mature projects; allocated poverty-relief donations of 6.9 million yuan to the poor counties to support the vegetable planting, PV power generation-based poverty reduction and infrastructure construction in poor villages; the headquarters’organ service management bureau set up the“farmer-benefiting public welfare poverty alleviation”product exhibition store on the National Poverty Alleviation Day, and opened up new channels of publicity and sales for the characteristic agricultural and sideline products of the poor counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation.
In 2016, the Agricultural Bank of China issued a total of 2.6 billion yuan of loans to the four poor counties for fixed-point poverty alleviation, with a loan balance of 4.4 billion yuan, up 35 over the beginning of that year, benefiting 30,000 registered poor people. 
(He Yuanyuan, Poverty Alleviation Business Department, Agricultural Bank of China)
Poverty Alleviation by All-China Federation of Supply 
and Marketing Cooperatives
【Overview】In 2016, the All-China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives (hereinafter referred to as CFSMC) integrated relevant resources to serve the fixed-point poverty alleviation and counterpart support, took its advantage to carry out industrial poverty alleviation, e-commerce-based poverty alleviation and education-based poverty reduction, gave priority to the projects declared by the counties in contiguous destitute areas and the key counties for national poverty alleviation and development in the implementation of the“2016 Central Financial Funds to Support the Integrated Reform of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives”, supported poverty-stricken areas to carry out rural e-commerce and land transfer as well as the subsequent agricultural socialization services, and gave priority to the poor areas in the allocation of agricultural development project funds for supply and marketing cooperatives. In 2016, 208.5 million yuan of central financial funds was allocated to support the land trusteeship service and the integration of characteristic industries in 81 key counties for national poverty alleviation and development. 
【Field research on poverty alleviation】Wang Xia, Party Group member and Council Director of CFSMC gave instructions to the anti-poverty work of supply and marketing cooperatives for six times, and presided over two chief executive meetings on anti-poverty work. In May, he headed a research group to carry out field survey on the poverty reduction in Ganzhou City of Jiangxi Province. In October, required by LGOP, Zou Tianjing, Party Group member and Deputy Director of the Council of CFSMC headed the CFSMC work team to carry out supervision over the anti-poverty work in Zhaotong City, Pu’er City and Xishuangbanna City of Yunnan Province, and held talks with 11 county cadres, 49 rural cadres, 24 village-stationed cadres and 52 poor households to push forward the poverty reduction work in Yunnan Province. 
【Construction of poverty alleviation system】Giving full play to the role of its poverty alleviation and development coordination work mechanism, CFSMC convened the poverty alleviation and development coordination work conferences from time to time to study the spirit of the central government’s instruction for poverty reduction and explore solutions to the problems and difficulties in the fixed-point poverty alleviation and counterpart support, and issued the“Opinions on Taking Advantage of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives to Win the Tough Battle against Poverty”, requiring all levels of supply and marketing cooperatives to play their advantages and participate in the poverty reduction through the development of characteristic industries, comprehensive services, e-commerce, science, technology and education, and relocation and employment, with the registered impoverished villages as the main battlefield, the registered poor households as the main objects, and the development of characteristic industries in poor areas as the main pro-poor measure. CFSMC formulated the“Planning for the Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation and Counterpart Support in the‘13th Five-Year Plan’Period”, and implemented the projects of income-generating through the development of characteristic industries, poverty alleviation by e-commerce, science and technology education and training, as well as entire village advancement, lifting the twinned poor counties (Qianshan County of Anhui, Xunwu County of Jiangxi, Anyuan County of Jiangxi) out of poverty. By the end of 2016, the supply and marketing cooperatives in Shandong, Jilin, Shanxi, Chongqing, Yunnan, Hainan and Guangxi had all issued the guidance on key-problem tackling for poverty alleviation. 
【Joint learning activity on poverty reduction】Themed on“party building to promote poverty reduction”, CFSMC and its three twinned poor counties carried out the joint learning activity of personnel exchange. In September, CFSMC organized the principals of 12 departments and units to carry out field survey on the poverty reduction work in three twinned poor counties, held talks with the heads of county party committees and governments and the“two committees”of villages, held talks with the poverty alleviation cadres and the village-stationed“first secretaries”, and visited the poor CPC members and poor children. Hou Shunli, Party Group member and Director of the Department of Economic Development and Reform of CFSMC presided over the joint learning workshop, invited the poverty relief cadres and the directors of the grassroots supply and marketing cooperatives of the three twinned poor counties to study General secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping’s important speeches on poverty reduction and explore solutions to the difficulties and problems in the poverty reduction in the three poor counties. 
【Industrial poverty alleviation】As of the end of 2016, CFSMC had set up a total of 32,000 farmers’cooperatives and 897 farmers’cooperative associations and developed 1471 leading enterprises in 832 poor counties, provided the poor households with 10.48 million mu of land area for land transfer, land trusteeship, formula fertilization, unified control, agricultural machinery operation, etc., benefiting 2.19 million poor rural households. Shaanxi Provincial Supply and Marketing Cooperatives explored the precise poverty alleviation mode of“government (Poverty Alleviation Office) + supply and marketing cooperatives (supply and marketing corporations) + finance (insurance) + enterprise (cooperatives) + rural households (poor households)”of the modern industry, and won the innovation award for poverty reduction at the awarding ceremony for the National Award of Poverty Alleviation.
【Poverty alleviation by e-commerce】Participated in the Internet poverty alleviation action plan, took the lead to hold the“Internet Expo of High-quality Characteristic Products of National Poor Counties”relying on the national platform of“gxyj.com”, and participated in the construction of the“China Social Poverty Alleviation Network”to provide customized services for the development of e-commerce by supply and marketing cooperatives in poor areas. Issued the“Notice of the General Office of CFSMC on Implementing the Internet Poverty Alleviation Action Plan”and organized the orderly docking between local supply and marketing cooperatives and the Internet expo. Issued the“Guidance on Promoting the Targeted Poverty Alleviation by E-commerce”jointly with LGOP and held the forum on accurate poverty alleviation by e-commerce on the National Poverty Alleviation Day. According to the model of“national platform of gxyj.com + county-level e-business center in poor counties + leading enterprises + farmers’cooperatives”, we constructed the county-level e-commerce service operation system covering the county, towns and villages, organized and guided poor households to develop standardized production in order to improve the poor households’ability for self-development and continuous income growth. By the end of 2016, 262 supply and marketing cooperatives in poor counties were incorporated into the local leading groups of e-commerce, and 124 supply and marketing cooperatives in poor counties took charge of the development of e-commerce in the county. In 2016, the sales volume of e-commerce amounted to 9.37 billion yuan through the supply and marketing cooperative system. Taking e-commerce as the starting point, Guizhou Provincial Supply and Marketing Cooperatives set up 43 county-level operation centers in the province and 5083 e-commerce service stations in the countryside, opened up 800 rural terminal logistics lines, and achieved sales volume of 1.6 billion yuan over the past year, increasing the income of 40,000 households and 200,000 poor farmers. 
【Poverty alleviation by science and technology】Relying on its seven research institutes, through technological research, transformation of achievements, platform construction, docking of key elements, and popularization of science and technology, CFSMC established the technological assistance mechanism in the poor areas to enhance the level of development of local characteristic industries. Relying on 94 vocational colleges, 59 thousand crop hospitals and 18 thousand mass organizations, CFSMC held skills trainings for the poor, cultivated 2006 science and technology correspondents and held rural practical talent trainings for 274,000 person-times in the poor areas. Relying on Chongqing Economic and Trade Vocational School, the agriculture industrialization training base and the national science and technology correspondent entrepreneurship training base, targeting at the members of farmers’cooperatives and the registered poor households, Chongqing City Supply and Marketing Cooperatives held 30 agricultural skills trainings for 3,000 people. 
【Fixed-point poverty alleviation and counterpart support】CFSMC selected five cadres from the organs and institutions to work in the three poor counties and serve as the“first secretaries”of the impoverished villages. To meet the needs of the three counties for industry development, CFSMC arranged 15 million yuan of central financial funds for comprehensive agricultural development to support the development of snake gourd fruit industry in Qianshan County of Anhui Province and the development of navel orange processing industry in Xunwu County and Anyuan County of Jiangxi Province. China Supply and Marketing Agricultural Products Wholesale Market Holding Co., Ltd, an enterprise affiliated to CFSMC, invested 800 million yuan in the construction of Gannan navel orange trading center in Anyuan County, which contributed 70% to the total navel orange trading volume of local area, benefiting 5,000 poor households; signed a cooperation framework agreement with Xunwu County on the construction of agricultural products wholesale market and vegetable base projects with a total investment of one billion yuan, and set up the 400 mu agricultural products market, E-commerce Exhibition Center, agricultural products cold chain logistics area and old storage warehouse by stages, and invested in the construction of 1,000 mu of vegetable demonstration base of high-standard facility agriculture through the mode of“company + base + farmers”, leading the poor to develop characteristic vegetable industry. Nanjing Research Institute for the Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plants and Jinan Fruit Research Institute, which are directly affiliated to CFSMC, provided technical support for the development of trichosanthes industry in Qianshan County and the navel orange industry and mandarin orange industry in Xunwu County. Beijing Commercial Management Cadre College, which is directly affiliated to CFSMC, held free trainings for the chairmen of farmers’cooperatives in Xunwu County. Jiangxi Tourism and Commerce Vocational College provided counterpart support for the education development in Xunwu County, and recruited the students from registered needy families free of charge. 
(Liu Xicheng, Department of Economic Development and Reform,
All-China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives)
Poverty Alleviation by All-China Federation of 
Trade Unions
【Overview】In 2016, the All-China Federation of Trade Unions (hereinafter referred to as the“ACFTU”) issued the“Guidance of All-China Federation of Trade Unions on Giving Full Play to the Role of Federations of Trade Unions in Poverty Reduction”to promote the federations to participate in the poverty alleviation and development. Set up the poverty alleviation work division in the Department of Labor and Economic Work, and appointed specific person to take charge of the federations’anti-poverty work and fixed-point poverty alleviation. Increased investment and efforts for the anti-poverty work and actively pushed forward the fixed-point poverty alleviation work in Heshun County and Huguan County of Shanxi Province. On the basis of the annual poverty relief funds of 1.5 million yuan, we further increased investment, issued three million yuan of relief funds respectively to Heshun County and Huguan County, arranged 100,000 yuan of working funds for the village-stationed first secretaries, invested a total of 6.1 million yuan and implemented nearly 60 poverty relief projects throughout the year, directly benefiting more than 100 impoverished villages and more than 5,000 registered poor people. Adjustments were made to the poverty alleviation work team: The ACFTU poverty alleviation work team in Heshun County was composed of three members, one cadre served as the first secretary of Qingyangshu Village of Yixing Town in Heshun County, and the poverty alleviation work team in Huguan County was composed of two members. 
【Field research on poverty alleviation】In January 2016, the Party Group Secretary, Vice Chairman and First Secretary of the Secretariat of ACFTU Li Yuyu, and the Vice Chairman, Secretary of the Secretariat and Deputy Secretary of the Party Group of ACFTU Liu Guozhong headed the research group to carry out field survey on the fixed-point poverty alleviation in Heshun County and Huguan County of Shanxi Province, made propagandas of the spirit of the central poverty alleviation and development work conference and the central units’ fixed-point poverty alleviation work meetings, and visited the members of ACFTU poverty alleviation team. Also, the research group visited the Jiujing Facility Vegetable Industrial Park in Yixing Town, one of the ACFTU’s aid projects, and paid a visit to Qingyangshu Village, of which the first secretary was sent by ACFTU. Held the poverty alleviation work conferences in the two counties to understand the implementation situation of the spirit of the central poverty alleviation and development work conference and Shanxi provincial poverty alleviation conference as well as the specific pro-poor measures, listened to the work reports of ACFTU poverty alleviation teams and the village-stationed first secretary, and exchanged ideas with the relevant principals of Shanxi Provincial Federation of Trade Unions, relevant leaders of the two counties and the party committee leaders of Jinzhong City and Changzhi City on further strengthening the poverty reduction work. 
【Construction of poverty alleviation system】Formulated and issued the“Guidance of All-China Federation of Trade Unions on Giving Full Play to the Role of Federations of Trade Unions in Poverty Reduction”, stressed that the federations are an important part of the social poverty alleviation force, required federations at all levels to take poverty reduction as an important political task, adhere to the accurate poverty alleviation strategy, actively participate in poverty reduction, fully play their advantages, combine anti-poverty work with addressing problems for poor workers, combine promoting anti-poverty work with enhancing the vitality of grassroots federations, and cooperate with the party committees and governments in fighting poverty. 
ACFTU developed the targeted poverty alleviation work plan and formulated the annual budget. The Heshun County poverty alleviation team visited the village cadres and poor families in all the five towns across the county, visited the planting and breeding cooperatives and carried out field survey on more than 30 poverty relief projects. The Huguan County poverty alleviation team visited more than 30 villages in seven towns of the county and more than 20 agricultural cooperatives projects. The village-stationed first secretary made a comprehensive thorough investigation into the village population and causes of poverty. On the basis of in-depth investigation and research, the 2016 work plan for fixed-point poverty alleviation was formulated for the two counties, and the poverty alleviation planning of Qingyangshu Village was developed. Meanwhile, we developed the plan on the fixed-point poverty alleviation work in the next three years, explored the fixed-point poverty alleviation work idea and measures, and initially formed the“Three-year Plan of ACFTU’s Shanxi Poverty Alleviation Team for Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation”. 
【Construction of poverty alleviation institutions】In December 2016, under the Department of Labor and Economic Work, the poverty alleviation work division was set up to implement the government’s requirements for poverty alleviation and development and the LGOP’s work deployments, guide the anti-poverty work of the federations, participate in the formulation of the national poverty alleviation policies, laws and regulations, contact with LGOP, guide ACFTU poverty alleviation work teams to carry out fixed-point poverty alleviation and provide related services; participate in the pilot contact with Wuling Mountain Area for anti-poverty work, participate in the supervision and assessment of the national poverty reduction work according to the LGOP’s deployment, carry out the relevant activities on the National Poverty Alleviation Day, and undertake the work of the ACFTU Leading Group Office of fixed-point poverty alleviation. 
【Industrial poverty alleviation】Supported the traditional planting and breeding projects relying on the farmers’cooperatives. The ACFTU poverty alleviation work team worked closely with the farmers’cooperatives, provided strong financial and technical support, and coordinated the relevant departments to provide policy support in order to help the poor in surrounding areas shake off poverty and become rich. On the basis of field research, combined with the opinions of the county party committee and government, ACFTU selected a number of potential projects with a solid foundation for intervention support, such as the planting of apple, walnut and other economic trees, the planting of sunflower, marigold and other medicinal flowers, the planting of cauliflower, pole beans and other organic vegetables, and the breeding of donkey, rabbit and other meat animals, and strived to expand the scope and depth of the poor’s involvement in order to benefit more poor people. Introduced new varieties of agricultural cultivation to create highlight projects of fixed-point poverty alleviation; made efforts on the introduction of new varieties, the cultivation of new industries and the expansion of the industry chain, and integrated financial strength and material resources to build key projects. Introduced the new variety of agriculture to Heshun County, and planted raspberries for the first time in Shanxi Province. Used the poverty relief funds and raised social capital to register a company to be responsible for the operation of this project. So far, 140 mu of raspberries have been planted in Phase I of the project. 
【Poverty alleviation in education】In January 2016, ACFTU donated books, teaching materials and stationery worth 10 thousand yuan to Baizhen Primary School of Heshun County. During the Children’s Day, ACFTU donated books and reference materials as well as audio books to the children in the schools and poor villages of Heshun County and Huguan County. In late August, some mass organizations of Macao were invited to subsidize the needy students in Heshun, and they donated more than 100,000 yuan of scholarships and supplies to the Sunshine Nine-year School. During National Poverty Alleviation Event, the poverty alleviation team issued nearly 200,000 yuan of student subsidies to 324 students from the registered poor families in Heshun County and Huguan County, and allocated special funds to support the painting of the walls of the classrooms, the hardening of the playground and the reinforcement of waterproofing on the top of teaching building in Chuancun Kindergarten of Heshun County. 
【Poverty alleviation by medical services】Nearly 20 experts and nurses of the Capital Medical University and Xuanwu Hospital were invited to provide free medical services and hold seminars on medical treatment in Heshun County and Huguan County to solve the“difficulty in seeing a doctor”of the local residents. During the two-day event, the medical workers had provided diagnosis and treatment services for more than 600 patients and provided consulting services for more than 1,000 person-times. Also, we coordinated Siyuan Foundation to donate three ambulances to Heshun County.
【Poverty alleviation to benefit the masses】Supported Nangou Village of Yixing Town in Heshun County to build mills, solving the villagers’difficulty in grain threshing and grinding after harvest, and supported the construction of drinking water facilities in Chengjiazhuang Village of Mafang Town, solving specific difficulties in the daily life of the masses. After Heshun County was hit by a flood disaster, ACFTU attached great importance to the disaster relief and issued 300,000 yuan of relief funds to solve the living problems of the affected people after making clear the disaster situation. In cooperation with the County Federation of Trade Unions, we launched the autumn student aiding activity to address the schooling problem of the children of poor workers and migrant workers. Relevant comrades of the Law Department of ACFTU held legal trainings for the local trade union officials and the principals and workers of enterprises’labor unions, aiming to increase their legal knowledge and enhance the ability to safeguard their rights. 
【Activities on the Poverty Alleviation Day】Organized the“Worker’s Daily”to report the poverty alleviation and development work of the trade union system, including the fixed-point poverty alleviation, wrote the“From Fixed-point Poverty Alleviation to the Anti-poverty Work of the Whole System: Four Magic Weapons for the Poverty Alleviation Work of Federations of Trade Unions-An Overview of ACFTU’s Poverty Alleviation and Development Work”, and had it printed in the“Worker’s Daily”, China trade union network and the website of ACFTU. 
(Zhang Jie, Poverty Alleviation Work Division,
 Department of Labor and Economic Work, ACFTU)
Poverty Alleviation by the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League of China
【Overview】In 2016, the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League of China (hereinafter referred to as the CCCYLC) seriously implemented the spirit of the central poverty alleviation and development work conference and the“Decision of the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council on Winning the Tough Battle against Poverty”, issued the“Opinions on the Poverty Reduction by the Communist Youth League of China”, held the teleconference on the poverty alleviation supported by the Communist Youth League of China, the conference on the docking of the Communist Youth League of China for poverty reduction and the training of rural youth on e-commerce, held the trainings on the scheduling of secretaries of the Youth League Committees in key areas for national poverty alleviation and development, organized and mobilized the Communist Youth League organizations across the country to promote the poverty alleviation based on production, education, talent cultivation and public welfare, and gave full play to the role of the Communist Youth League members as the fresh force and commandos in the tough battle against poverty. 
【Further promoted the“youth action of poverty alleviation”】Firstly, strengthened the work deployment and formed the situation of implementation at all levels. In January 2016, the CCCYLC issued the“Opinions on the Support of the Communist Youth League for Poverty Reduction”, held the video and telephone conference of the Communist Youth League on boosting poverty reduction, studied the spirit of General secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping’s important speeches and the spirit of the central poverty alleviation and development conference, and made overall deployments for the CCCYLC to boost poverty reduction. The local governments responded rapidly, carried out field research on the situation in poor counties and impoverished villages through seminars, docking meetings and field visits, summarized the needs of poor areas for poverty reduction, held special work conferences and special trainings and made deployments on anti-poverty work. Secondly, integrated relevant resources and strengthened the guidance for the anti-poverty work in key areas. In mid-March, the CCCYLC held in Guizhou the work conference on the Communist Youth League’s support for poverty reduction and the e-commerce training of rural youth, strengthened the resource integration and organized 18 provincial League committees and 19 deputy provincial and prefectural League committees to dock the counterpart support projects, forming the counterpart support project brochure. As of early 2017, among the 205 projects covered by the project brochure, 169 had been completed (completion rate of 82.4%) and 36 had not been completed, involving project funds of 64.6078 million yuan (including some counterpart support project funds for Xinjiang and Tibet). Strengthened guidance on the work in key areas, established the WeChat group of key areas for poverty reduction, and established the platforms for regular training and guidance for anti-poverty work in key prefectures and cities and for exchange of experience; urged the local governments to submit quarterly work progress and promoted the anti-poverty work of local areas by giving instructions and carrying out field research. 
【Poverty alleviation trainings】The CCCYLC attached great importance to the poverty alleviation on the Internet and focused on the poverty alleviation by e-commerce to further implement the youth e-business cultivation project. Firstly, held demonstration training of youth e-business. By integrating the resources of the government, society and the Communist Youth League, the CCCYLC held 46 demonstration training courses for rural youth on e-business operation, network marketing, logistics and distribution with subsidy funds of 4.1 million yuan. The League organizations at all levels held e-business skills trainings for rural youth through centralized, regional and Internet distance education. Secondly, established youth e-business entrepreneurship organizations. To strengthen the construction of youth talent team for e-commerce, attract young elites for e-business and integrate various resources of e-commerce, the CCCYLC set up China Youth E-commerce Alliance jointly with the relevant e-commerce platforms and associations, attracting a total of 280 people to provide talent and intellectual support for the development of youth e-commerce, including the elites in the field of e-commerce, senior managers of e-businesses, e-commerce entrepreneurs and experts of universities and research institutes in the field of e-commerce, etc. Thirdly, provided financial services for e-commerce ventures. Organized 2108 young financial cadres to work in more than 1900 county League committees, achieving the full coverage of national poor counties, and designed the“Youth”financial services for e-commerce ventures; established the service platform for the listing and financing of rural youth e-commerce venture projects relying on the Chinese Youth Innovation and Entrepreneurship Board; Held the special competition of modern agriculture and rural e-business group of the“Chuangqingchun”Youth Innovation and Entrepreneurship competition of China, introduced the venture capital institutions to participate in the competition assessment, and provided financial services for e-commerce entrepreneurship. Fourthly, built the e-commerce service platforms. By integrating the resources JD group and other national e-commerce platforms as well as the resources of regional e-commerce platforms, we identified 33 youth e-commerce entrepreneurship incubator centers to provide rent reduction, resource docking and training guidance for young people to launch e-businesses. Fifthly, helped poor areas to sell agricultural products on the Internet. Opened up the e-commerce poverty alleviation zone jointly with JD and Alibaba to publicize, present and introduce the projects and products of 60 poverty alleviation enterprises on the Internet, and through the“youth e-commerce carnival”,“youth e-commerce for special purchase for the Spring Festival”and the youth e-commerce forum, helped the poor areas open up channels for agricultural products to be sold on the Internet. Sixthly, selected and set typical young models for e-business entrepreneurship. Through the selection, recognition and publicity of rural youth leaders in becoming rich and young e-businessmen, we strived to find rural youth e-business entrepreneurs, tell stories of rural e-commerce, and find a number of typical characters and cases of rural youth e-business entrepreneurship that can be learned, replicated and promoted to provide reference for more rural young people to devote into e-commerce. Seventhly, optimized the policy environment of e-commerce. Themed on“the Internet + the power of youth”, we carried out the activities of“Chinese youth e-commerce conference & e-commerce-based poverty alleviation activity week”, and strived for the support of the Office of the Central Leading Group for Cyberspace Affairs and LGOP for the poverty reduction through youth e-commerce. Themed on“promoting the e-commerce entrepreneurship of urban and rural youth”, we held the forum of“the Communist Youth League, the Deputies to the National People’s Congress and the Members of the National Committee of CPPCC”, and invited the deputies to the National People’s Congress and the members of the National Committee of CPPCC to call for advices and proposals for youth e-commerce to further optimize the policy environment of youth e-business entrepreneurship. 
【Poverty alleviation in education】Through the“Project Hope”, the“Volunteer Service Action to Deliver the Communist Youth League’s Love for Children of Migrant Workers”and the“Postgraduates Voluntary Teaching Corps of the West Plan”, we provided all kinds of student aid for the children of needy families. Firstly, in accordance with the requirements of precise poverty alleviation, China Youth Development Foundation adjusted the funding mode and implemented the“Accurate Poverty Alleviation-Student Aid Plan of Project Hope”. In 2016, the“Project Hope”received social donations of 386.9383 million yuan, which was used to support the construction of Hope primary schools, subsidize the students from registered poor families, and the construction of Hope libraries, Hope kitchens, happy sports, happy music and computer classrooms. Secondly, launched the action to look for“stars of the self-improvement of Chinese college students”. Set advanced models of self-reliant hardworking college students, and issued 4.2 million yuan of subsidies for 920 western college students from destitute families. Thirdly, supported young people in poverty-stricken areas to develop after-school education. Issued subsidy funds of 5.25 million yuan for the out-of-school activity venue construction in 12 poor counties of eight provinces; implemented the project of mobile children’s palaces for the rural left-behind children in central and western regions and the Red Chalk rural education program, for which more than 2.3 million yuan was planned to be allocated, benefiting nearly 10,000 rural students in Guangxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang and other central and western provinces. The Public Library Project of China Guanghua Foundation donated books worth 77 million yuan to 1498 primary and secondary schools in Sichuan and Chongqing.
【Poverty alleviation through talents】First, implemented the Postgraduates Teaching Corps of Chinese Youth Volunteers and the Plan for College Students’Voluntary Services for West China, sent 2135 volunteers to support the primary and secondary education of more than 400 schools in 289 counties of 20 central and western provinces (municipalities, autonomous regions), and sent 16165 volunteers to provide voluntary services for agricultural science and technology, medical service and public health, grassroots youth work and grassroots social management in more than 2100 counties of 22 central and western provinces (municipalities, autonomous regions). Second, carried out the social practice activity of“three services to the countryside”of college students in the summer vacation, and organized 187 teams to carry out the practical activity of“targeted poverty alleviation promoted by college students majoring in agriculture”in 110 national poor counties, mainly providing technical training, agricultural technology extension and agricultural consulting service. Third, implemented the demonstration projects of employment-based poverty reduction, and coordinated North Automobile Mechanic School, Zhongqing Housekeeping, Guanjiabang and Suzhou Dongshan Precision Manufacturing Co., Ltd to provide skills training and employment services for poor young people. The All-China Youth Federation and China Youth Entrepreneurs Association jointly launched the targeted poverty reduction action of providing 10,000 jobs for the students of 1,000 universities, providing jobs for more than 5700 college students from needy families. Through on-site job fairs, coordinating employment positions with relevant enterprises and large industrial parks, and organizing directional trainings, the local governments also built the platforms for young people’s employment docking service.
【Fixed-point poverty alleviation】Based on the characteristics of the Communist Youth League and the economic and social development situation in Shilou County and Lingqiu County of Shanxi Province, the relevant departments of the organs and subordinated units of CCCYLC supported the poverty alleviation work teams to explore path of poverty reduction and development in line with local conditions, and made positive progress in the fixed-point poverty alleviation. In 2016, CCCYLC provided 2.85 million yuan to support the poverty alleviation work team in Shilou County, and provided support for 34 projects of the poverty alleviation work team in Lingqiu County with an investment of 2.2028 million yuan in kind and cash. First, boosted the development of the agricultural industry. The poverty alleviation work team in Shilou County successively contacted the government of Lishui City of Zhejiang Province, Zhengzhou Fruit Tree Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing DQY Agricultural Polytron Technologies Inc, Beijing Tongrentang Pharmaceutical Ltd. and China Mobile Communications Corporation to help solve the county’s problems of cadre exchange, dehiscent red dates, and problems in the development of egg industry and the sales of Chinese herbal medicines; coordinated China United Insurance Holding Co., Ltd. to provide financial support for the youth entrepreneurship in Shilou County; took the lead to set up the leading group for poverty alleviation by e-commerce, established the county-level youth e-businessmen incubator parks, accelerated the construction of nine characteristic township exhibition halls for the online sales of walnuts and jujubes, sold a total of 159,000 jin of fresh walnuts and 126,000 jin of jujubes; actively introduced enterprises, founded the Shannong Bee Industry Co., Ltd., and applied for the geographical indication of agricultural products and the EU organic certification to create honey brands, laying a solid foundation for the large-scale, standardized and industrialized production of natural honey. Through the introduction of new technologies and new varieties and by inviting agricultural experts to give technical guidance, the poverty alleviation work team in Lingqiu County led the farmers to develop characteristic agriculture, set up the e-commerce associations and agriculture-related associations, carried out technical exchanges and training activities, and newly built 100 mu of oil peony bases; set up the sales outlets of Qingqiu’s agricultural products in Beijing, and expanded the sales channels jointly with the network media. Second, carried out student aid activities. Provided more than 1.2 million yuan of subsidies for 987 primary and secondary students and 100 fresh college students from needy families in Shilou County; organized 30 pupils of 10 schools to participate in the“2016 Training Course of Young Pioneers and Young Pioneer Workers & the Hand-in-hand Summer Camp of Urban and Rural Juveniles”; subsidized 203 students from needy families of Lingqiu County, and sent postgraduate teaching support teams composed of 33 people to support the teaching in Lingqiu County. Third, promoted the training of talents and provided intellectual support. Shilou County coordinated the doctoral student service groups of Zhejiang University and Yan’an University to carry out field research on the precise public welfare poverty alleviation and the field survey on e-commerce; held skills trainings and organized labor transfer relying on Zhongqing Housekeeping, and held trainings for 106 people, of whom more than 60 came from the registered poor households. By sending young cadres to work in developed regions and recommending young people to take part in all kinds of trainings, field research and exchange activities, Lingqiu County helped the masses and cadres change ideas, broaden horizons and enhance comprehensive ability; jointly with the“Aunt Help”O2O housekeeping service platform, we created the brand of“Lingqiu aunt”, held trainings for 84“Lingqiu aunts”and helped 37 people find jobs. 
(Zhang Shuxia, Zhou Ming, Central Committee of the Communist Youth League of China) 
Poverty Alleviation by All-China Women’s Federation
【Overview】In 2016, based on the actual needs of women and children in poor areas, giving full play to the advantage of women’s federations, the All-China Women’s Federation (hereinafter referred to as the“ACWF”) steadily pushed forward the“Action of Women’s Poverty Reduction”and made positive contributions to the development of women and children’s undertakings in poor areas. According to incomplete statistics, the women’s federations in 24 provinces and municipalities introduced the measures or opinions on the implementation of the“Action of Women’s Poverty Reduction”, and the women’s federations across the country invested a total of 1.58 billion yuan in the poverty alleviation projects in impoverished regions. 
【Women’s business venture guarantee loan】ACWF Continued to promote the implementation of the women’s business venture guarantee loan policy at the grass-roots level to provide financial support for the development of poor women. By the end of December 2016, a total of 310.925 billion yuan of women’s business venture guarantee loans had been issued to 5.7617 million women, and the central and local governments had provided 27.102 billion yuan of interest discount funds. In 2016, 50.221 billion yuan of women’s business venture guarantee loans was issued to 607700 women, and the central and local governments provided 4.147 billion yuan of interest discount funds. Throughout the year, 35.36 billion yuan of financial interest discount funds was issued for the business venture guarantee loans to the women in central and western regions, accounting for 70% of the total, 517,000 women in central and western regions received the loans, accounting for 80% of the total, and the central and local governments provided 2.64 billion yuan of interest discount funds for these people, accounting for 64% of the total. The women’s Federations nationwide actively cooperated with the poverty alleviation departments to issue 40.86 billion yuan of poverty-relief micro credit loans, increasing the income of 568,000 registered poor women through entrepreneurship. The poor women have got more income, higher position and better quality of life and gradually shaken off poverty by developing planting, breeding, agricultural and sideline products processing, rural tourism,  hand knitting, and green courtyard economy with the loans. 
【Free screening and rescue of“two cancers”for rural women】ACWF continued to carry out free screening of“two cancers”for rural women jointly with the health departments. In the implementation of this project, the local governments always adhered to the principle of poor women first. In 2016, we organized free screening of cervical cancer for a total of 10 million rural women and free screening of breast cancer for 1.2 million rural women, further expanded the coverage of project in poor areas and promoted the early diagnosis and early treatment of the two cancers to reduce the burden of disease and risk of death due to illness among rural women. To prevent the women suffering the“two cancers”and their families from falling into or returning to poverty due to illness, ACWF actively strived for the support of the central lottery public welfare funds and set up the“special fund for helping poor mothers suffering from the two cancers”. The amount of the special fund increased from 100 million yuan in 2015 to 300 million yuan in 2016, and the fund rescued 29700 poverty-stricken women suffering from the two cancers according to the standard of 10,000 yuan per capita, including 15,863 women from the registered poor households, covering all eligible women among the registered poor. By the end of 2016, the project had strived for a total of 700 million yuan of central lottery public welfare funds; plus the social funds raised by ACWF, the project had rescued a total of 71696 poverty-stricken women suffering from the two cancers and become a popular project for the benefit of women and their families in poor areas.
【Spring Action】In order to solve the employment problem of rural migrant workers and improve the working environment of migrant workers in the city, ACWF continued to carry out the“Spring Action”of“introducing policies, providing jobs, holding skills training and delivering services”jointly with the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and ACFTU. In 2016, according to incomplete statistics, the Spring Action issued 6.37 million copies of publicity materials in 13 provinces (municipalities) such as Guangdong, Shanghai, Tianjin and Chongqing, and organized 4097 publicity and recruitment activities, which were attended by 2.6 million women. In the activities, we introduced jobs successfully for 539,000 women and organized the labor transfer for more than 90,000 women. 
【Labor transfer and employment】To help the women in poor areas find jobs near their home and solve the problems of the left-behind children, women and elderly people, giving full play to women’s advantage of ingenuity, ACWF carried out the“Action of People-enriching through Handcraft”, set up a number of demonstration bases of people-enriching through handcraft by giving play to the leading role of leading enterprises, with priorities given to the contiguous poor areas. In 2016, we identified 12 handcraft leading enterprises (cooperatives, studios) as the“National Demonstration Bases of Becoming Rich through Handcraft”, and gave play to their demonstration and leading role in holding handcraft skills training and helping the registered poor women find jobs. The women’s federations across China set up 919 women’s handcraft associations in 832 poverty-stricken counties, supported the development of 1123 women’s handcraft enterprises, and helped 390 thousand poor women to develop handcraft industry and find jobs near their home. 
Promoted the orderly development of women’s domestic service and held the National Women’s Domestic Service Contest. Themed on“women’s housekeeping services delivering warmth to thousands of families and boosting the employment-based poverty alleviation”, the event issued a total of 60 individual awards. Established the national women’s housekeeping employment transfer training base, and newly identified 12 women’s housekeeping service enterprises (training agencies) as the national women’s housekeeping employment transfer training basesⅠaccordance with the principle of helping the registered poor women find jobs through standardized labor transfer with certain training qualification, aiming to give play to the bases’positive role in improving the professional quality of housekeeping personnel and helping poor women increase income through employment. The women’s federations across the country actively promoted the development of women’s housekeeping service and e-commerce industry, helped 280,000 poor women achieve labor transfer by providing housekeeping services, and helped 164,000 poor women increase income through e-commerce. 
【Women’s demonstration bases】ACWF actively accelerated the construction of“national women poverty reduction demonstration bases”in the provinces concentrated with poor people and with many contiguous destitute areas and a high incidence of poverty, and gave play to the demonstration and leading role of the bases in leading rural women, especially the women in poor areas to participate in the development of production to help the women achieve income growth through employment and enhance their ability to shake off poverty. Quantitative indicators have been put forward for the base construction: each base is expected to help at least ten registered poor women every year to ensure that the bases are designed for targeted poverty reduction of the registered poor women. In 2016, 186“national women poverty reduction demonstration bases”(including 12 national demonstration bases of women enriching through handcraft and 12 national women housekeeping employment transfer bases) was newly identified with project funds of 9.3 million yuan, covering 135 poor counties, benefiting 6080 registered poor women. The women’s federations at all levels set up more than 4,000 women’s bases in 832 poverty-stricken counties across the country, and promoted 610,000 poor women to develop poverty reduction industries through the bases, cooperatives and female talents’demonstration. 
【Poverty alleviation trainings】In 2016, ACWF successively held 39 trainings for women, including the training courses of cadres of women’s federations for the contiguous destitute areas, the training courses of the registered poor women on the development of rural tourism, and the national demonstration training courses on handcraft, housekeeping and e-commerce for poor women, covering more than 3500 backbone women and cadres of county women’s federations.  According to statistics, the women’s federations nationwide held a total of 12 thousand skills trainings for 870,000 poor women and backbone women, and organized 1.74 million poor women to participate in all kinds of government training courses. Women’s federations at all levels made innovations to the training modes and combined classroom lectures with the field guidance, and paid attention to the docking of training objects with new agricultural business entities, the docking between the training contents and the actual needs of the trainees, and the docking between theoretical learning and practical experience, and explored online education and training, management assessment and mobile Internet services for rural women. 
【Women’s poverty reduction action】In October 2016, ACWF and LGOP held the national conference on promoting the women’s poverty reduction action in Longnan City of Gansu Province. Shen Yueyue, vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress and chairman of ACWF, Song Xiuyan, Secretary of ACWF Party Committee, vice chairman and first secretary of the Secretariat, and Hong Tianyun, deputy director-general of LGOP attended the event. The women’s federations of Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Jilin and Shandong introduced their respective experiences and practices in poverty alleviation. The women’s federations of Longnan City, Gansu Province and Xihe County delivered speeches. During the event, the participants carried out field survey in Chengxian County, Xihe County and Wudu District, and visited the Longnan E-commerce Industrial Incubator Park, Xihe Women’s Handcraft Hall, Baoji Village Women’s Poverty Reduction Demonstration Zone in Shipu Town of Xihe county, and Longnan City Xiangyu Olive Development Co., Ltd. The relevant principals of the women’s federations of 22 provinces and municipalities and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, the women’s federations of 14 cities and prefectures of Gansu Province, as well as the relevant principals of the poor counties for ACWF’s fixed-point poverty alleviation work attended the meeting. 
【Activities on the Poverty Alleviation Day】On October 16, 2016, sponsored by the Organizing Committee of the 2016 Forum on Poverty Alleviation and organized by ACWF, the poverty reduction and development forum-parallel forum on women’s poverty alleviation for the Poverty Alleviation Day of 2016 was held in Beijing. 16 people from the government, enterprises, public organizations and research institutions were invited to talk about industrial poverty alleviation, skills-based poverty alleviation and public welfare poverty alleviation. The participants said that as the government developed and implemented the strategic planning for the elimination of poverty among women and the women’s poverty reduction policy, the problem of women poverty was obviously alleviated, but the multiple difficulties and gender inequality became more complex causes of poverty among women. The phenomenon of a large number of female migrant workers and many women left behind in rural areas are new challenges for reducing the poverty among women. The government, enterprises and public welfare institutions should establish a cooperative and win-win mechanism to improve the accurate allocation of poverty alleviation resources. More than 70 people attended the forum, including the relevant principals of central state organs, social organizations, institutions of universities and public welfare enterprises, the relevant experts and scholars, as well as the representatives of the women who have shaken off poverty. 
【Fixed-point poverty alleviation】According to the arrangements for a new round of fixed-point poverty alleviation work by central units, in addition to Zhangxian County of Gansu Province, ACWF was designated to be responsible for the fixed-point poverty alleviation in Xihe County of Gansu Province. ACWF actively implemented the spirit of the central units’fixed-point poverty alleviation work conference, focused on project construction and intellectual poverty alleviation in accordance with the overall deployments made by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on poverty alleviation and development and the economic and social development goals and poverty alleviation needs of Zhangxian County and Xihe County, promoted the further improvement of the local infrastructure and public welfare facilities, improved the production and living conditions of the poor, and boosted the coordinated development of society and economy. In 2016, a total of 6.9587 million yuan of project funds (including 3.7678 million yuan of project funds for Xihe County and 3.1909 million yuan of project funds for Zhangxian County) was issued for the two poor counties. 
In March, ACWF held the conference on the fixed-point poverty alleviation and the implementation of the spirit of the central organs’fixed-point poverty alleviation work conference, and made deployments for its fixed-point poverty alleviation work. In June, ACWF held talks with the representatives of Longnan City, listened to the report on local anti-poverty work and carried out research on the liaison work of ACWF’s fixed-point poverty alleviation. 
In 2016, ACWF sent five cadres to work in Zhangxian County and Xihe County for practice (including one“first secretary”of an impoverished village in Zhangxian County). 
ACWF held five trainings in Zhangxian County and seven trainings in Xihe County for more than 1200 people through collective teaching, personal practice and communication, involving planting, breeding, housekeeping, hand weaving and rural tourism; set up eight national women poverty alleviation demonstration bases in Zhangxian County and Xihe County respectively with a total investment of 800,000 yuan, covering planting, breeding, hand embroidery and rural tourism, which played a positive role in women’s poverty alleviation. Promoted the labor training and transfer work, and solved the non-local employment problem of 45 people in Zhangxian County and 97 people in Xihe County. ACWF guided the women’s federations of Zhangxian County and Xihe County to issue petty secured loans, carry out the free screening and rescue of“two cancers”, support women to develop planting, breeding and processing industry, support the construction of safe families and children’s home, and establish the women’s science and technology demonstration bases. Giving play to the role of charity in reducing poverty, we implemented the public welfare projects such as the action to eliminate anemia in infants, the mother parcel, the mother health express, the mother’s cellar, the Spring Bud Project, the Spring Bud Lunch, the health plan, and the improvement of campus drinking water system of nine-year schools, and donated books, stationery, bags, school uniforms and children’s shoes to help the registered poor people in Zhangxian County shake off poverty. 
(Gao Jihui, Women Development Department, All-China Women’s Federation)
Poverty Alleviation by China Disabled Persons’Federation
【Overview】In 2016, in order to implement General secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping’s strategic thinking on poverty alleviation and development, the China Disabled Persons’Federation (hereinafter referred to as CDPF) made overall deployments for winning the tough battle against poverty in the new era. In accordance with the central government’s requirements for the accurate poverty reduction among the poor with special difficulties, jointly with the relevant departments, CDPF took active actions to promote the targeted poverty reduction among the disabled and achieved good results, effectively supporting the poor disabled and further improving the production and living conditions of the masses. 878,000 poor disabled persons shook off poverty through poverty alleviation and development, 756,000 poor disabled persons received practical skills trainings, 22,000 rural people with disabilities received poverty-relief discount loans for rehabilitation, 116,000 disabled persons found jobs in 7111 poverty reduction bases for people with disabilities, and 249,000 families with disabled people achieved income growth. 
【Construction of poverty alleviation mechanism and system】In March 2016, in order to earnestly study the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s speeches on poverty alleviation and development and implement the decision of the central government on winning the tough battle against poverty, CDPF set up the leading group for poverty alleviation of the poor disabled to strengthen the leadership and supervision of the anti-poverty work for the poor disabled and guide local federations of disabled persons to carry out key-problem tackling for poverty reduction among the poor disabled. Party secretary Lu Yong of CDPF served as the head of the leading group, and other Party members served as the deputy heads. 
【Pro-poor policies】In June 2016, CDPF, the National Health and Family Planning Commission and LGOP jointly issued the“Implementation Plan of the Precise Rehabilitation Services for Disabled Persons”to promote the basic rehabilitation services for the needy disabled people and effectively reduce the rigid expenditure for medical rehabilitation of the poor disabled. CDPF, LGOP, the Ministry of Finance and the People’s Bank of China jointly issued the“Notice on Strengthening the Rehabilitation-based Poverty-relief Loan Issuance and the Poverty-relief Microfinance and Financial Discount Work”, guided the local governments to increase poverty-relief loans for rehabilitation and financial discount funds for the registered poor families with disabled people and, in particular, put forward that the interest-free, unsecured poverty-relief micro credit should increase support for the registered poor households with disabled persons. 
In October, CDPF, the Ministry of Agriculture, CCCYLC and the ACWF jointly issued the“Action Plan for the Elimination of Illiteracy among Disabled Young and Middle-aged People during the‘13th Five-Year Plan’Period”to strengthen the intellectual support for poverty-stricken people with disabilities and boost the poverty reduction through education. 
In December, 26 departments and units, including CDPF and LGOP jointly issued the“Plan for Poverty Reduction of Disabled Persons (2016-2020)”in order to win the tough battle against poverty by integrating the resources of various departments and parties during the“13th Five-Year Plan”period. Focusing on the key links such as the accurate identification of poor people with disabilities and their families, the accurate pro-poor measure implementation and the accurate assessment, we strived to achieve the overall objectives of providing adequate food and clothing for the poor disabled and their families, providing guarantee for their compulsory education, basic medical services, housing security and basic rehabilitation services, and effective expansion of the coverage of barrier free transformation of their houses. Put forward the main task of helping the poor disabled shake off poverty through the“seven one-batch”program: lift one batch of disabled people out of poverty through the full implementation of the rural subsistence allowances and other social assistance policies, and the issuance of living subsidies of disabled people and nursing subsidies for people with severe disabilities; alleviate the poverty of one batch of disabled people by reducing the rigid rehabilitation expenditure of poor disabled persons and improving their physical and mental situation; address the housing security problem of one batch of poor disabled persons’families by speeding up the ex-situ relocation project and the renovation of rural dilapidated buildings; enhance the ability of one batch of disabled people by strengthening vocational education and practical skill training; help one batch of disabled people through industry development and the quantification of asset returns; support one batch of disabled people through the pairing-off poverty reduction action of the grassroots Party organizations, Party members and cadres; help one batch of disabled people by mobilizing social forces to get involved in poverty reduction for the disabled. Taking advantages of the relevant parties, we increased support for the disabled in various ways to ensure that the poor disabled and their families will really benefit from the anti-poverty work and the poor disabled will have a sense of gain, aiming to achieve the targeted poverty reduction of the poor disabled persons’families. 
【Accurate identification】CDPF and LGOP have repeatedly made deployments for the filing riser and accurate identification of poor disabled persons for local disabled persons’federations and poverty alleviation offices, repeatedly checked and verified the data of the registered poor disabled persons based on the basic data of people with disabilities and the data of the registered poor households of LGOP Information Center, and made clear that the 4.135 million registered rural poor disabled people identified as of August 2016 should be the main targets of the poverty reduction work for the disabled during the“13th Five-Year Plan”period. The task had been decomposed to the local governments in the form of official documents. 
【Poverty alleviation conferences】In September 2016, CDPF held in Zhumadian City of Henan Province the work conference on the poverty reduction for disabled people in the key central and western provinces and autonomous regions. Relevant comrades from the Village and Town Construction Department of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-rural Development as well as the disabled persons’federations in the central and western provinces and autonomous regions with a heavy task of poverty reduction for people with disabilities attended the event. The conference discussed the renovation of dilapidated buildings of poor disabled persons’families and the stock of dilapidated buildings, and made deployments for the grassroots party organizations to reduce poverty among the disabled. 
In September, CDPF and LGOP jointly held the national work conference on the poverty alleviation among poor disabled people and made deployments on the anti-poverty work for the disabled during the“13th Five-Year Plan”period. CDPF Party Secretary and Chairman Lu Yong, and LGOP Party Secretary and Director-general Liu Yongfu attended and addressed the meeting. The chairpersons and relevant leaders of the disabled persons’federation of various provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) as well as the relevant deputy directors of the poverty alleviation offices of the 22 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) with a heavy anti-poverty task were present at the event. The meeting urged local poverty alleviation departments to raise awareness of poverty alleviation work for the disabled and take more effective supernormal measures to support the disabled and their families, and urged the disabled persons’federation at all levels to play their own advantages and effectively push forward the targeted poverty alleviation work for people with disabilities in accordance with the instructions given by the central government on the reform of mass organizations.
【Field research on poverty alleviation】In January 2016, Zhang Haidi, Chairman of CDPF carried out field research in Luanping County of Hebei Province and visited the disabled persons’families. Chen Kai, Vice Chairman of CDPF and Member of the State Council Leading Group of Poverty Alleviation and Development carried out field research on the targeted poverty alleviation work in Hainan Province to understand the situation of accurate identification and filing riser of poor households.
In April, the CDPF research group headed by the Party members carried out special field research on accelerating the construction of a well-off society for disabled people across the country, focusing on the investigations into the disabled people’s poverty reduction and housing security, school education of disabled children, basic rehabilitation services for the disabled, and the barrier-free reconstruction of the disabled persons’houses, aiming to promote the anti-poverty work.
【Activities on the Poverty Alleviation Day】On October 16, 2016, CDPF and LGOP held in Beijing the“2016 Forum of Poverty Alleviation Day-Forum on Targeted Poverty Alleviation for Disabled People”. More than 100 people attended the event, including the relevant department heads of the CDPF, LGOP, the Ministry of Commerce, the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Education, the National Health and Family Planning Commission, the CCCYLC, the ACWF, the Agricultural Development Bank of China and China Internet Information Center, the relevant experts of Tsinghua University, Peking University and Renmin University, and the representatives of China Association of the Physically Disabled Persons, China Council of Lions Clubs and some provincial disabled persons’federation as well as some warm-hearted people. 
Themed on“inspiring confidence and gathering strength”, focusing on show disabled persons’strong perseverance and self-improvement spirit in the process of shaking off poverty, in the context of the effective support of the party committees and governments at all levels, the disable persons’organizations and social forces, the forum organized the participants to exchange experience in accurate poverty alleviation for the disabled. The relevant principal of China Internet Information Center announced the launching of the 2016 activity of poverty reduction for disabled people and introduction of advanced models in helping the disabled. The disabled models in poverty reduction from Shanxi, Liaoning, Shandong, Anhui and Henan introduced their experience in poverty reduction and business launching at the meeting; Huang Yong and Wang Xiuzhi, two typical disabled persons in shaking off poverty who won the“National Poverty Alleviation Award-endeavour Award”told their stories of poverty reduction. The relevant experts and scholars from Peking University and other colleges and universities shared the results of their research on targeted poverty reduction for the disabled persons. Representatives of some NGOs and enterprises presented their achievements in accurate rehabilitation, targeted poverty alleviation through e-commerce and the poverty reduction among the disabled people, and exchanged their ideas. 
【Fixed-point poverty alleviation】On February 1, 2016, Lu Yong, the Party Secretary and Chairman of CDPF carried out field research on the fixed-point poverty alleviation work in Nanpi County of Hebei Province. 
To promote the fixed-point poverty alleviation work in Nanpi County, CDPF held the plenary meeting of the leading group office of poverty alleviation and the fixed-point poverty alleviation work conference quarterly to make arrangements for the work progress in fixed-point poverty alleviation and the counterpart support work of the affiliated units, contacted the Nanpi County government many times, coordinated the relevant central departments to increase support for Nanpi County, coordinated the Ministry of Environmental Protection to issue 10 million yuan of funds for rural environment improvement, coordinated National Energy Administration, LGOP and the State Grid Corporation of China to approve the implementation of the PV power generation projects in Dalangdian Town of Nanpi County, and coordinated LGOP and Hebei Provincial Commercial Bureau to incorporate Nanpi County into the list of demonstration counties for JD’s poverty alleviation through e-commerce. The units directly under CDPF took positive actions to promote the counterpart support for the towns in Nanpi County. Based on their own advantages, China Rehabilitation Research Center, China Deaf Rehabilitation Research Center, CDPF’s employment service guidance center, China Assistive Devices and Technology Center for Persons with Disabilities and China Foundation for Disabled Persons mobilized social forces to support the targeted poverty alleviation work for the disabled people, and achieved initial results.
(Hao Dapeng, Employment-based Poverty Alleviation Department,
China Disabled Persons’Federation)
Poverty Alleviation by the All-China Federation of 
Industry and Commerce
【Overview】In 2016, taking the accurate poverty alleviation of 10,000 enterprises’support for 10,000 villages as the platform, the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce (hereinafter referred to as the ACFIC) actively organized and guided private enterprises to take part in the fight against poverty, the public welfare and charitable causes, promoted the development of Guangcai undertakings, increased efforts for fixed-point poverty alleviation, constantly expanded our work ideas, made innovations to the work carriers, deepened the cooperation mechanism, strengthened our cooperation and made new progress in the poverty alleviation and social service work.
【10,000 enterprises’support for 10,000 villages】In January 2016, the ACFIC, LGOP and China Society for Promotion of the Guangcai Program jointly held the national video and telephone conference on the accurate poverty alleviation of 10,000 enterprises’support for 10,000 villages, and made further deployments on the activity. From April to May, the ACFIC, LGOP and China Society for Promotion of the Guangcai Program set up three research groups to carry out field research on the accurate poverty alleviation of 10,000 enterprises’support for 10,000 villages in 12 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities), namely Anhui, Jiangxi, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia. In July, the training on ledger management for the accurate poverty alleviation of 10,000 enterprises’support for 10,000 villages was held. More than 70 people attended the training, including the Party secretaries, vice chairmen and ledger management personnel of the federations of industry and commerce in some provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities), the relevant principals of Zhijin County Federation of Industry and Commerce and Zhijin Poverty Alleviation Office of Guizhou Province, the first secretaries of relevant villages and relevant comrades from the ACFIC, LGOP and China Society for Promotion of the Guangcai Program. In September, the ACFIC, LGOP and China Society for Promotion of the Guangcai Program signed the“Strategic Cooperation Agreement on Policy-oriented Financial Support for the Accurate Poverty Alleviation of 10,000 Enterprises’Support for 10,000 Villages”with the Agricultural Development Bank of China. In October, the ACFIC and LGOP held in Huanggang City of Hubei the on-the-spot meeting on the accurate poverty alleviation of 10,000 enterprises’support for 10,000 villages. Vice Premier Wang Yang attended and addressed the event. In November, the Leading Group of the accurate poverty alleviation of 10,000 enterprises’support for 10,000 villages held in Beijing the work conference on ledger management. In December, the fourth session of the ACFIC’s Eleventh Poverty Alleviation Work Committee was convened, which summarized the 2015-2016 annual anti-poverty work and made deployments on improving the efficiency of the accurate poverty alleviation of 10,000 enterprises’support for 10,000 villages and the implementation of the east-west pairing-off poverty alleviation; meanwhile, the work conference on the east-west pairing-off poverty alleviation of the federations of industry and commerce was held in Shijiazhuang City of Hebei Province. 
According to the ledger statistics of the ACFIC’s accurate poverty alleviation of 10,000 enterprises’support for 10,000 villages, a total of 26500 private enterprises covered by the ledger management implemented accurate poverty alleviation for 3.8864 million registered rural poor, involving 24600 villages (including 21,000 registered poor villages); invested 38.252 billion yuan in industrial poverty alleviation and 8.298 billion yuan in public welfare poverty reduction, provided jobs for 307600 people and held skills trainings for 316300 people. 
【Poverty alleviation in fixed poor counties and key areas】In February, Vice Chairman of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and Chairman of the ACFIC Wang Qinmin headed a research group to carry out field survey on the targeted poverty alleviation work in Zhijin County, visited ten registered poor households in Kewo Village and Damachang Village of Guiguo Town, Sanba Village of Heitu Town, and Longtan Village of Sanjia Sub-district, and met with the village and township leaders as well as the village-stationed poverty alleviation work teams to understand the situation of targeted poverty alleviation. During the field research, Chairman Wang Qinmin held two forums successively in Guiguo Town and Sanjia Sub-district, and held talks with the heads of seven village-stationed poverty alleviation work teams , four Party secretaries of impoverished villages, nine poor households and two small / micro enterprises helping the surrounding farmers shake off poverty. After that, the research group continued to visit 41 registered poor villages of 26 towns. 
In March, Deputy Head of the Central United Front Work Department and the Party secretary of the ACFIC Quan Zhezhu headed an investigation group to carry out field survey in Xiushui Village of Longchang Town in Puding County, and Qixingguan District and Zhijin County of Bijie City, and donated 20 million yuan of relief funds for the targeted poverty reduction on behalf of the ACFIC. 
In May, the ACFIC’s fourteenth training course of township cadres was held at the training center of China Institute of Industrial Relations. 96 township cadres from Bijie City and Qianxinan Prefecture of Guizhou Province, Dehong Prefecture of Yunnan, Qingyang City of Gansu Province, Ningshaan County of Shaanxi Province and Guangshan County of Henan Province attended the training. During the training period, two symposiums on the“exchange of township cadres’experience in accurate poverty alleviation”were held to solicit opinions for the accurate poverty alleviation of 10,000 enterprises’support for 10,000 villages. 
In June, the ACFIC organized more than 80 private enterprises of Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Guizhou to carry out field survey on the accurate poverty alleviation in Zhijin County. The research group carried out field survey on the industrial poverty alleviation, regional tourism, renovation of ancient towns and the filing riser of poor people successively in Qimo, Guiguo, Jinlong and Chadian Town of Zhijin County, and held the meeting on accurate poverty alleviation and the agreement signing ceremony for accurate poverty reduction projects. 29 industrial investment and public welfare poverty reduction agreements were signed at the event. Baolong Group signed the agreement with China Society for Promotion of the Guangcai Program and Zhijin County on the donation of 20 million yuan to support the industrial poverty reduction in 20 registered impoverished villages of Zhijin County. Ten private enterprises of Guizhou Province signed the counterpart support agreement with ten registered impoverished villages in Zhijin County. The relevant leaders of the Guangcai Cause Instruction Center of the Central United Front Department and the federations of industry and commerce of Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin and Guizhou took part in the event. 
【Poverty alleviation by the Guangcai Program】In July, in conjunction with China Society for Promotion of the Guangcai Program and the People’s Government of Gansu Province, we carried out the activity of“Qingyang Tour of China Guangcai Program and Longshang Tour of Private Enterprises”in Qingyang City of Gansu Province. 300 directors of China Society for Promotion of the Guangcai Program and a number of private entrepreneurs with investment projects and intention participated in the event and signed contracts on a total of 2726 projects worth 518.75 billion yuan. 20.49 million yuan was donated to support the accurate poverty alleviation in 12 impoverished villages of Nanliang Town and six surrounding towns, covering the implementation of five aid projects in three categories, namely industrial development, infrastructure construction and farmers’skills training for 3318 people of 875 registered poor households. 
In September, in conjunction with China Society for Promotion of the Guangcai Program and the People’s Government of Yunnan Province, we held the“Dehong Tour of China Guangcai Program”in Ruili City of Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province. At this event, contracts were signed for 131 projects worth 157 billion yuan, and 41 million yuan in cash and 5 million yuan in kind were donated. China Society for Promotion of the Guangcai Program Donated 20 million yuan for the implementation of the beef cattle and silkworm breeding in Longchuan County of Dehong Prefecture, lifting 4721 people of 1558 registered poor households out of poverty. 
In December, in conjunction with the State Forestry Administration and China Society for Promotion of the Guangcai Program, we held in Lincang City of Yunnan Province the 12th national forestry training course of private entrepreneurs and management cadres, focusing on introducing and interpreting the central government’s accurate poverty alleviation policy for 10,000 enterprises to support 10,000 poor villages as well as the relevant laws, regulations and policy measures in the field of forestry. About 140 people attended the event, including the private entrepreneurs and management personnel in the field of national land afforestation from 25 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities. 
【Counterpart support for Tibet and Xinjiang】In September, the ACFIC held the training course of micro and small business operators from minority areas. A total of 150 Tibetan, Uygur, Kazak, Uzbek and Hui operators of micro and small businesses from the Tibet Autonomous Region, the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Xinjiang production and Construction Corps attended the event. 
【Poverty alleviation through employment】In April, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the Ministry of Education, ACFTU and the ACFIC organized the activity of“National Recruitment Week of Private Enterprises in 2016”with the theme of“promoting the docking of supply and demand to boost the transformation and development”. A total of 174,000 private enterprises took part in the recruitment week activity, provided about 3.123 million pieces of job message, issued about 6.873 million copies of policy publicity materials, and provided rights protection and legal aid for 194 thousand person-times. During the event, a total of 861 thousand job seekers reached employment intentions with the employers, including 357 thousand college graduates, 329 thousand migrant workers in the city and 100 thousand persons with difficulties in finding jobs. 
【Poverty alleviation to benefit the masses】In September, the Fifth China Public Charity Project Exchange Exhibition was held in Shenzhen, which was jointly sponsored by the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the ACFIC, Guangdong Provincial Government, Shenzhen Municipal Government and China Charity Federation. Wang Qinmin, Vice Chairman of the CPPCC National Committee and the President of the ACFIC Wang Qinmin attended and addressed the international public service summit. The event attracted more than 2600 charity organizations, businesses and individuals from 31 provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the central government and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and 75 international public interest organizations, and contracts were signed on the implementation of 510 projects worth 13.322 billion yuan at the event. 
(Guo Dongfeng, Department of Poverty Alleviation and Social Services, ACFIC)

 

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